Multiple Sources for Security: Seeking Online Safety Information and their Influence on Coping Self-efficacy and Protection Behavior Habits

Internet users face threats of increasing complexity and severity. To protect themselves they rely on sources for online safety information. These sources may either build up, or undermine, the coping self-efficacy and motivation needed to protect oneself. A survey of 800 subjects asked about which sources they relied on for information about online safety: media, work, school, friends and family, and specialized web sites. Individuals who said they had no comprehensive source for information reported the lowest levels of both coping self-efficacy (b= -0.609, p\u3c 0.001) and protection habit strength (b= -0.900, p\u3c 0.001). On the other hand, those who had an affiliation of school, work and specialized web sites had a positive relationship with both coping self-efficacy (b= 0.517, p\u3c 0.05) and protection habit strength (b= 0.692, p\u3c 0.05). Results suggest that some information affiliation networks are correlated with higher coping self-efficacy and stronger protection habits

Getting Grandma Online: Are Tablets the Answer for Increasing Digital Inclusion for Older Adults in the US?

Using information and communication technologies (ICTs) can improve older adults\u27 quality of life. ICT use is associated with decreased feelings of loneliness and depression, along with increased feelings of independence and personal growth. However, limited access and low technological self-efficacy are key reasons why some groups, especially older adults, are excluded from being fully engaged in the digital world. In this study, we focus on older adults\u27 technological self-efficacy, which is related to their actual use of technology and the second level digital divide. Specifically, we examine: (a) how older adults decide to use a new technology, tablet computers; (b) how they conquer the barrier of technological self-efficacy through using tablets; and (c) the impacts of using this new technology in their lives. Twenty-one in-depth interviews were conducted with older adults residing in independent living communities in a medium-sized city in the Deep South region of the United States. Observational and enactive learning played important roles for older adults in using tablets. Seeing others use tablets, getting recommendations from family members, or having tablets given to them were the primary reasons they started to use tablet computers. The ease of use feature of tablets helped solve the problem of lacking technological self-efficacy. Using tablets helped increase a sense of connectedness. Tablet computers may be one way to increase digital inclusion among older adults

"How does home ownership affect migrants’ sense of relative deprivation? An investigation based on field theory"

Background: China is continuing to witness rising numbers of migrants (e.g., individuals migrating from rural tourban areas), and alongside this are the social restrictions and institutional barriers migrants face. Such restrictions and barriers are a consequence of the long-standing urban-rural dualist system and can create a sense ofrelative deprivation among migrants—that is, dissatisfaction when migrants perceive they are at a disadvantagecompared with local residents of an area.Objective and method: Based on Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, the current study used data from the 2017 ChineseGeneral Social Survey (N = 1849) to explore the mechanism through which migrants’ home ownership or nonownership in the migration process affects their sense of relative deprivation. To do so, a ranked regression andparallel multiple mediation model were developed. Additionally, a heterogeneity analysis was conducted toaccount for the region in which migrants lived and their age.Results: The results revealed that home ownership significantly reduced migrants’ relative deprivation. Moreover,the perception of economic and symbolic capital was found to play a role in the effects of wealth and class,respectively. From the heterogeneity analysis, the direct and mediated effects of housing attributes on migrants’relative deprivation were more significant for migrants in the eastern versus central and western regions ofChina, as well as among new-versus older-generation migrants.Conclusion: To improve the feasibility of home ownership among migrants and, thus, alleviate their relativedeprivation in the inflow area, relevant policies (e.g., improving the housing system pathway) should bedeveloped and implemented

"How does home ownership affect migrants’ sense of relative deprivation? An investigation based on field theory"

Background: China is continuing to witness rising numbers of migrants (e.g., individuals migrating from rural tourban areas), and alongside this are the social restrictions and institutional barriers migrants face. Such restrictions and barriers are a consequence of the long-standing urban-rural dualist system and can create a sense ofrelative deprivation among migrants—that is, dissatisfaction when migrants perceive they are at a disadvantagecompared with local residents of an area.Objective and method: Based on Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, the current study used data from the 2017 ChineseGeneral Social Survey (N = 1849) to explore the mechanism through which migrants’ home ownership or nonownership in the migration process affects their sense of relative deprivation. To do so, a ranked regression andparallel multiple mediation model were developed. Additionally, a heterogeneity analysis was conducted toaccount for the region in which migrants lived and their age.Results: The results revealed that home ownership significantly reduced migrants’ relative deprivation. Moreover,the perception of economic and symbolic capital was found to play a role in the effects of wealth and class,respectively. From the heterogeneity analysis, the direct and mediated effects of housing attributes on migrants’relative deprivation were more significant for migrants in the eastern versus central and western regions ofChina, as well as among new-versus older-generation migrants.Conclusion: To improve the feasibility of home ownership among migrants and, thus, alleviate their relativedeprivation in the inflow area, relevant policies (e.g., improving the housing system pathway) should bedeveloped and implemented