Asteroid and comet flux in the neighborhood of the earth

Significant advances in the knowledge and understanding of the flux of large solid objects in the neighborhood of Earth have occurred. The best estimates of the collision rates with Earth of asteroids and comets and the corresponding production of impact craters are presented. Approximately 80 Earth-crossing asteroids were discovered through May 1988. Among 42 new Earth-crossing asteroids found in the last decade, two-thirds were discovered from observations at Palomar Observatory and 15 were discovered or independently detected in dedicated surveys with the Palomar Observatory and 15 were discovered or independently detected in dedicated surveys with the Palomar 46 cm Schmidt. Probabilities of collision with Earth have been calculated for about two-thirds of the known Earth-crossing asteroids. When multiplied by the estimated population of Earth-crossers, this yields an estimated present rate of collision about 65 pct higher than that previously reported. Spectrophotometric data obtained chiefly in the last decade show that the large majority of obvserved Earth-crossers are similar to asteroids found in the inner part of the main belt. The number of discovered Earth-crossing comets is more than 4 times greater than the number of known Earth-crossing asteroids, but reliable data on the sizes of comet nuclei are sparse. The flux of comets almost certainly was highly variable over late geologic time, owing to the random perturbation of the Oort comet cloud by stars in the solar neighborhood

Examination of Douglas-fir clones for differences in susceptibility to damage by cone and seed insects

In 1974 and 1976, Douglas-fir cones from 51 clones and 150 clones, respectively, were collected and determinations were made of the percentage of seed damaged by the cone insects <i>Barbara colfaxiana</i>, <i>Contarinia oregonensis</i>, <i>C. washingtonensis<i/> and <i>Megastigmus spermotrophus</i>. Although statistically significant differences in percentage of damaged seeds were detected among clones, these differences were not great enough to be of practical importance

Observations on a twigminer, Argyresthia pseudotsuga Freeman (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), in Douglas-fir seed orchards

Studies on the twigminer, <i>Argyresthia pseudotsuga</i> Freeman, which kills new growth on twigs of Douglas-fir, showed that adults oviposited from mid-April until May on bud scales or on needles close to the buds. Eggs hatched in mid-May and larvae continued to mine in the new twigs until late fall or early winter. The insects pupated by the end of February in chambers at the bases of the twigs

Redesain Interior Ballroom Multifungsi Edelweissm Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Akustik (Studi Kasus: Ballroom Edelweiss Idjen Suites Malang, Jawa Timur)

Ballroom hotel merupakan suatu ruang besar yang menjadi salah satu fasilitas spesial yang disediakan oleh suatu hotel karena fungsi dan desain yang mewah. Objek studi kasus ini adalah Ballroom Edelweiss pada Hotel Idjen Suites Malang yang bersifat multifungsi karena mempunyai fungsi sebagai ruang percakapan (speech) misalnya pidato singkat, ruang perayaan pesta, dan sebuah pertunjukan musik. Beberapa kegiatan dapat berlangsung secara sekaligus pada satu ruang yang hanya dipisahkan oleh movable wall, sehingga dibutuhkan tingkat kejelasan suara yang baik dan tingkat kebisingan yang rendah agar para pengguna dapat menerima secara jelas dan utuh apa yang ingin disampaikan penyaji acara pada acara tersebut. Pada penulisan laporan kali ini, objek yang dipilih akan diredesain untuk meningkatkan kualitas akustik sehingga cacat-cacat bunyii pada ruang tertutup dapat diatasi dan juga dapat meoptimalkan kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung. Pemilihan dan penggunaan material-material akustik yang menjadi fokus utama penulis karena pemilihan dan penerapan material akustik adalah salah satu syarat penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas akustik ruang.Cara menganalisa dan memecahkan permasalahan dapat diperoleh dari parameter akustik objektif meliputi bising latar belakang, distribusi tingkat tekanan bunyi, dan respon impuls. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan perbaikan akustik dan peletakan material-material akustik pada elemen interior untuk meningkatkan kualitas akustik pada ruang multifungsi. Setelah pemilihan dan penerapan material akustik, diharapkan ruangan ballroom dapat berfungsi secara baik tanpa adanya gangguan suara bising dan juga penyajian acara dapat berlangsung dengan baik dan informasi yang disampaikan mampu diterima pendengar dengan baik, khususnya pada ruang ballroom multifungsi.

Parents' involvement in child care: do parental and work identities matter?

The current study draws on identity theory to explore mothers' and fathers' involvement in childcare. It examined the relationships between the salience and centrality of individuals’ parental and work-related identities and the extent to which they are involved in various forms of childcare. A sample of 148 couples with at least one child aged 6 years or younger completed extensive questionnaires. As hypothesized, the salience and centrality of parental identities were positively related to mothers' and fathers' involvement in childcare. Moreover, maternal identity salience was negatively related to fathers' hours of childcare and share of childcare tasks. Finally, work hours mediated the negative relationships between the centrality of work identities and time invested in childcare, and gender moderated this mediation effect. That is, the more central a mother's work identity, the more hours she worked for pay and the fewer hours she invested in childcare. These findings shed light on the role of parental identities in guiding behavioral choices, and attest to the importance of distinguishing between identity salience and centrality as two components of self-structure

Optimisation and validation of a PCR for Antigen Receptor Rearrangement (PARR) assay to detect clonality in canine lymphoid malignancies

PCR for antigen receptor gene rearrangements (PARR) analysis is being increasingly used to assist diagnosis of canine lymphoma. In this study, PARR was carried out on consecutive samples received as part of routine diagnostic practice from 271 patients: 195 with lymphoid malignancies, 53 with reactive conditions and 23 with other neoplasms. Initially, published primer sets were used but later minor primer modifications were introduced and primers were rationalised to give a PARR panel that provides a good compromise between sensitivity and cost. Results were compared to diagnoses made by histology or cytology, coupled with immunophenotyping by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry where possible. After exclusion of 11 poor quality samples, 230/260 (88%) gave a clear result with 162/163 (99%) of samples classified as clonal and 56/67 (84%) classified as polyclonal giving results concordant with the cytological/histological diagnosis. Among 30 samples with equivocal results, 21 had clonal peaks in a polyclonal background and nine showed little amplification. These were from patients with a range of neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions emphasising the need to interpret such results carefully in concert with other diagnostic tests. The combination of primer sets used in this study resulted in a robust, highly specific and sensitive assay for detecting clonality

Quantum Fermion Hair

It is shown that the Dirac operator in the background of a magnetic %Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole and a Euclidean vortex possesses normalizable zero modes in theories containing superconducting cosmic strings. One consequence of these zero modes is the presence of a fermion condensate around magnetically charged black holes which violates global quantum numbers.Comment: 16pp (harvmac (l)) and 2 figs.(not included

Spacetime structure of the global vortex

We analyse the spacetime structure of the global vortex and its maximal analytic extension in an arbitrary number of spacetime dimensions. We find that the vortex compactifies space on the scale of the Hubble expansion of its worldvolume, in a manner reminiscent of that of the domain wall. We calculate the effective volume of this compactification and remark on its relevance to hierarchy resolution with extra dimensions. We also consider strongly gravitating vortices and derive bounds on the existence of a global vortex solution.Comment: 19 pages revtex, 2 figures, minor changes, references adde

Relation of Number of Living Children and Long-Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods in West Nusa Tenggara Province (ICMM 2015)

Long Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods (LAPMs) is a highly effective contraceptive method for fertility control. The use of LAPMs in NTB is still low compared to non- LAPMs use. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the number of live children and the use of LAPMs after controlled by age, education, occupation, decision making and information exposure from health workers in NTB. This cross sectional study was conducted to all married woman aged 15-49 years, with the samples of the woman of childbearing age who use contraception, using data of Monitoring and Evaluation on Contraceptive Use in East Java and NTB Province 2015 conducted by Center for Health Research Universitas Indonesia. Data were collected through interview guidelines, and multivariate analysis was performed by binomial log regression test. The results showed that the proportion of > 2 live children was 24.9%, and the proportion of the number of live children ≤ two children was 15.2% and had a significant relationship to the use of LAPMs (p = 0.005 OR = 1.63 CI 95% = 1.118 - 1.80). Recommendations for the woman of childbearing age in NTB who have children > 2were counseled on the use of LAPMs, and for the woman of childbearing age who had live children, ≤ two children were given health promotion related to the LAPMs preference to set the number of children. Keywords: Contraception, Log Term Contraceptive Method, Number of live Childre

Damage by two Douglas-fir cone & seed insects: Correlation with cone crop size

Damage by the Douglas-fir cone moth, <i>Barbara colfaxiana</i> (Kearfott), in year N was significantly related to the size of the cone crop the preceding vear (N-1) in the interior of British Columbia but not at the coast. Damage by the Douglas-fir cone gall midge, <i>Contarinia oregonensis</i> Foote, at the coast was also significantly related to cone crop size the preceding year. Fluctuations in cone crop size appear to limit populations of these cone insects