Cookies for children (1964)

Pages six and seven are missing.Cookies are favorites with juSt about everybody especially hungty boys and girls juSt home from school or a session of play. Such a popular food needs to be good for you as well as good to ear. Many cookies are high in carbohydrates, sugar, and fat, and supply few nutrienrs other than calories. Recipes in this bulletin have been developed to make cookies tasty as well as to contain many nutrients needed for growth; for muscle, bone, and tooth development; and for general well-being.Cooky ingredients -- General Suggestions. Mixing ; Baking ; Storing ; Freezing -- Cooky recipies. Carrot-raisin ; Fruit ; Golden yellow ; Cereal ; Honey Whole Wheat ; Molasses ginger ; Soft molasses ; Molasses whole wheat ; Peanut butter molasses ; Peanut butter ; Chocolate whole wheat-oatmeal -- Lunch wafers -- Teething cooky -- Recipies using cooky mix -- Basic cooky mix. Raisin drop ; Lemon drops ; Peanut butter ; oatmeal ; Cocoa drop -- Comparision of food nutrients of different cookies ; Aproximate percentage of minimum daily requirements of certain nutrients supplied by selected cookie

Cookery of the cheaper cuts of beef

Citation: Perry, Clara Jeanette. A sheet of paper. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1898.Morse Department of Special CollectionsIntroduction: The subject of the cookery of the cheaper cuts of meats is one which is probably very little thought of, and much less studied. One concludes that unless he can pay a good price and secure the popular or choice cuts, that he must go without meat or limit it to a very great extent in his dietary. This conclusion is erroneous because the cheaper meats are as nutritious and often more highly flavored than some of the more expensive cuts. It is true that the most of the cheaper meats require a greater length of time for cooking. This is no factor against them in winter because as a rule the fire is kept up most of the day, and it is no waste of fuel to cook the meat a long time; even in summer there are usually several days of each week when long fires are used. Since the invention of the fireless cooker, there is no reason why every one should not own one as they are of little or no expense. With this cooker the extra cost and inconvenience of keeping up a fire on a summer day is dispensed with. If, then, we can cook cheap meat both winter and summer without extra expense for fuel, and since the meat is as nutritious and often more highly flavored, does it not pay to give a little study to the ways to prepare the cheaper cuts to take the place of high priced, but no more nutritious cuts? "Many people cannot afford to buy the expensive meats for every day use, and, having the false idea that the cheaper pieces are undesirable, they deprive themselves of much needed proteid; or if they buy meat they must lessen the cost by going without some other necessary article of diet. In either case the body is not properly nourished. A bulletin on Scientific Research, in treating the subject of errors in food economy, states that

Cancer in the Context of Severe Mental Illness in New Zealand: An Epidemiological Study

Background Experience of severe mental illness is associated with poor physical health and premature death. This issue has received little research attention in New Zealand. This thesis explores the burden of cancer amongst people with severe mental illness in New Zealand. Aims This thesis aims to answer four questions: 1. Is cancer an important cause of morbidity and mortality among adults living with severe mental illness in New Zealand? 2. Is cancer contributing to differences in health outcomes between people with severe mental illness and others in the population? 3. What are the factors that are contributing to any differences in cancer outcomes between people with severe mental illness and others in the population? 4. Does the relationship between mental illness and cancer vary by mental health diagnosis or cancer type? Methods Recent contact with secondary mental health services was used as a proxy for experience of severe mental illness. Anonymised national data on secondary mental health service contacts for adults aged 18-64 (2001-2010) were linked to cancer registrations and mortality records (2006-2010). Annual cancer incidence and mortality rates among people in contact with mental health services in the five years prior to cancer diagnosis/death were estimated, and standardised for comparison with annual rates for the New Zealand population. People diagnosed with breast and colorectal cancers in 2006-2010 were identified. Cancer-specific survival was compared for recent mental health service users and nonusers using Cox regression. The contribution of cancer stage at diagnosis, deprivation and physical comorbidity to survival differences were explored for people with diagnoses of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (Group A) and others in contact with mental health services (Group B). Results Nearly two thousand (1876) cancers occurred over five years among people with a history of recent mental health service use. The standardised incidence of cancer was similar in this group and the general population [SIR 1.03 (95% CI 0.98-1.08)], while lung cancer was more common [SIR 1.98 (1.73-2.26)] and prostate cancer less common [SIR 0.66 (0.54-0.8)]. Mortality from all cancers combined was higher among people in recent contact with mental health services compared to the general population [SMR 2.21(2.07-2.37)]. Of 8762 and 4022 people with breast and colorectal cancer respectively, 440 (breast) and 190 (colorectal) had recent contact with mental health services. After adjusting for demographic confounders, the risk of death from breast cancer was increased for Group A [Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.55 (1.49–4.35)] and B [HR 1.62 (1.09–2.39)], and from colorectal cancer for Group A [HR 2.92 (1.75–4.87)], compared to others in the population. Later stage at diagnosis contributed to survival differences for Group A, and comorbidity contributed for both groups. Fully adjusted HR estimates were breast: Group A 1.65 (0.96–2.84), B 1.41 (0.95–2.09); colorectal: Group A 1.89 (1.12–3.17), B 1.25 (0.89–1.75)]. Conclusions Cancer diagnosis overall was equally common, and the risk of lung cancer was higher, among people with severe mental illness compared to the general population, while cancer mortality was more than doubled. Commonly used methods can, however, result in biased underestimation of cancer incidence. Survival disparities between people with mental illness and others in the population were evident for both breast and colorectal cancers, and related to the high burden of comorbid physical illness, and late stage at cancer diagnosis (for Group A only). Interventions to reduce tobacco use and improve cancer detection and care have the potential to improve physical health in those with experience of mental illness

New tuberculosis diagnostics and rollout.

Early detection and effective treatment are crucial for tuberculosis control, but global case detection rates remain low. The diagnosis of paediatric and extrapulmonary disease is problematic and there are, as yet, no rapid screening tests to assist active case finding in the community. Progress has been made in clinic-based detection tools with the introduction of Xpert MTB/RIF, a nucleic acid amplification test that combines sample processing and analysis in a single instrument to provide a diagnostic result and detection of resistance to rifampicin in under 2h. Enthusiasm for Xpert MTB/RIF has been high and global rollout has been facilitated by donor agencies. However, concerns remain about access and sustainability due to the high cost and infrastructure requirements. Although more sensitive than smear microscopy, early studies suggest the impact of the new test on case detection rates and patient survival has been limited. Alternative technologies are being developed, including non-sputum-based tests to assist the detection of extrapulmonary disease. Evaluation studies are needed to provide evidence of the impact of the new technologies on patient outcomes. This will enable appropriate placement of new diagnostic products in the healthcare system to support the control and eventual eradication of tuberculosis disease

The association of resilience and physical activity in older adults: cross-sectional analyses from the NICOLA study

Aim: As more of the world’s population are living longer, supporting the mental and physical health of older adults is becoming increasingly important in public health. Resilience is a dynamic process encompassing positive adaptation in the face of adverse experiences that would otherwise lead to poor outcomes. The aim of the study is to explore the association between physical activity and resilience in older adults. Subject and methods: The data used in this study was taken from the results of the Self Completed Questionnaires and Computer Assisted Personal Interviews from the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing. A secondary analysis was conducted on a sample of 4040 participants to examine the association between resilience (Brief Resilience Scale) and on moderate/vigorous physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form) through chi-square and Mann–Whitney U tests and an ordinal regression being conducted. Results: Data was included for 4040 participants, of whom 90% did not meet the recommended moderate physical activity guidelines. The findings of this study indicated that higher resilience levels are associated with higher levels of moderate and vigorous physical activity levels. Conclusion: Worryingly, a large percentage of the older adult population are not sufficiently active and this is something that needs to be addressed. The findings suggest that with these low levels of physical activity, interventions should be created to target this population.</p

Towards mitigation of greenhouse gases by small changes in farming practices: understanding local barriers in Spain.

Small changes in agricultural practices have a large potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the implementation of such practices at the local level is often limited by a range of barriers. Understanding the barriers is essential for defining effective measures, the actual mitigation potential of the measures, and the policy needs to ensure implementation. Here we evaluate behavioural, cultural, and policy barriers for implementation of mitigation practices at the local level that imply small changes to farmers. The choice of potential mitigation practices relevant to the case study is based on a literature review of previous empirical studies. Two methods that include the stakeholders? involvement (experts and farmers) are undertaken for the prioritization of these potential practices: (a) Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) of the choices of an expert panel and (b) Analysis of barriers to implementation based on a survey of farmers. The MCA considers two future climate scenarios ? current climate and a drier and warmer climate scenario. Results suggest that all potential selected practices are suitable for mitigation considering multiple criteria in both scenarios. Nevertheless, if all the barriers for implementation had the same influence, the preferred mitigation practices in the case study would be changes in fertilization management and use of cover crops. The identification of barriers for the implementation of the practices is based on the econometric analysis of surveys given to farmers. Results show that farmers? environmental concerns, financial incentives and access to technical advice are the main factors that define their barriers to implementation. These results may contribute to develop effective mitigation policy to be included in the 2020 review of the European Union Common Agricultural Policy

Survival disparities in Indigenous and non-Indigenous New Zealanders with colon cancer: the role of patient comorbidity, treatment and health service factors

Background Ethnic disparities in cancer survival have been documented in many populations and cancer types. The causes of these inequalities are not well understood but may include disease and patient characteristics, treatment differences and health service factors. Survival was compared in a cohort of Maori ( Indigenous) and non-Maori New Zealanders with colon cancer, and the contribution of demographics, disease characteristics, patient comorbidity, treatment and healthcare factors to survival disparities was assessed. Methods Maori patients diagnosed as having colon cancer between 1996 and 2003 were identified from the New Zealand Cancer Registry and compared with a randomly selected sample of non-Maori patients. Clinical and outcome data were obtained from medical records, pathology reports and the national mortality database. Cancer-specific survival was examined using Kaplane-Meier survival curves and Cox hazards modelling with multivariable adjustment. Results 301 Maori and 328 non-Maori patients with colon cancer were compared. Maori had a significantly poorer cancer survival than non-Maori ( hazard ratio (HR) 1.33, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.71) that was not explained by demographic or disease characteristics. The most important factors contributing to poorer survival in Maori were patient comorbidity and markers of healthcare access, each of which accounted for around a third of the survival disparity. The final model accounted for almost all the survival disparity between Maori and non-Maori patients ( HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.47). Conclusion Higher patient comorbidity and poorer access and quality of cancer care are both important explanations for worse survival in Maori compared with non-Maori New Zealanders with colon cancer

Cervical and breast cancer screening uptake among women with serious mental illness: a data linkage study

Background Breast and cancer screening uptake has been found to be lower among women with serious mental illness (SMI). This study aims to corroborate these findings in the UK and to identify variation in screening uptake by illness/treatment factors, and primary care consultation frequency. Methods Linked population-based primary and secondary care data from the London borough of Lambeth (UK) were used to compare breast and cervical screening receipt among linked eligible SMI patients (n = 625 and n = 1393), to those without SMI known only to primary care (n = 106,554 and n = 25,385) using logistic regression models adjusted first for socio-demographic factors and second, additionally for primary care consultation frequency. Results Eligible SMI patients were less likely to have received breast (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.69, 95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.57 - 0.84, p < 0.001) or cervical screening (adjusted OR 0.72, CI: 0.60 - 0.85, p < 0.001). Schizophrenia diagnosis, depot injectable antipsychotic prescription, and illness severity and risk were associated with the lowest odds of uptake of breast (adjusted ORs 0.46 to 0.59, all p < 0.001) and cervical screening (adjusted ORs 0.48 - 0.65, all p < 0.001). Adjustments for consultation frequency further reduced effect sizes for all subgroups of SMI patient, in particular for cervical screening. Conclusions Women with SMI are less likely to receive breast and cervical cancer screening than comparable women without SMI. Higher primary care consultation rates among SMI patients is likely a mediating factor between SMI status and uptake, particularly for cervical screening - a service organised in primary care. To tackle health disparities linked to SMI, efforts at increasing screening uptake are key and should be targeted at women with other markers of illness severity or risk, beyond SMI status alone

Building resilience to water scarcity in Southern Spain: A case study of rice farming in Doñana protected wetlands

Agricultural water management needs to evolve in view of increased water scarcity, especially when farming and natural protected areas are closely linked. In the study site of Don?ana (southern Spain), water is shared by rice producers and a world heritage biodiversity ecosystem. Our aim is to contribute to defining adaptation strategies that may build resilience to increasing water scarcity and minimize water conflicts among agricultural and natural systems. The analytical framework links a participatory process with quantitative methods to prioritize the adaptation options. Bottom-up proposed adaptation measures are evaluated by a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) that includes both socioeconomic criteria and criteria of the ecosystem services affected by the adaptation options. Criteria weights are estimated by three different methods?analytic hierarchy process, Likert scale and equal weights?that are then compared. Finally, scores from an MCA are input into an optimization model used to determine the optimal land-use distribution in order to maximize utility and land-use diversification according to different scenarios of funds and water availability. While our results show a spectrum of perceptions of priorities among stakeholders, there is one overriding theme that is to define a way to restore part of the rice fields to natural wetlands. These results hold true under the current climate scenario and evenmore so under an increased water scarcity scenario

The Lantern Vol. 11, No. 3, May 1943

• Women\u27s Ward: Byberry • Ballad of Courtin\u27 • Burnished Armor • A Tribute • The Aeolian Harp • There is a Tide • Translation of a Greek Drinking Song • Query • Lemuel Lepidoptera • Quatrain • Ode to Spring • Though You\u27re Far Awayhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1030/thumbnail.jp