Dihedral Group, 4-Torsion on an Elliptic Curve, and a Peculiar Eigenform Modulo 4

We work out a non-trivial example of lifting a so-called weak eigenform to a true, characteristic 0 eigenform. The weak eigenform is closely related to Ramanujan's tau function whereas the characteristic 0 eigenform is attached to an elliptic curve defined over ${\mathbb Q}$. We produce the lift by showing that the coefficients of the initial, weak eigenform (almost all) occur as traces of Frobenii in the Galois representation on the 4-torsion of the elliptic curve. The example is remarkable as the initial form is known not to be liftable to any characteristic 0 eigenform of level 1. We use this example as illustrating certain questions that have arisen lately in the theory of modular forms modulo prime powers. We give a brief survey of those questions

IDENTIFIKASI STATUS HARA N, P DAN K PADA TANAH ENTISOL YANG DITANAMI JERUK SIAM (Citrus nobilis L) DI KECAMATAN SEBAWI KABUPATEN SAMBAS

Identifikasi status hara tanah diperlukan untuk mengetahui kandungan unsur hara yang tersedia di dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi status hara N, P, dan K tanah dan memberikan saran pemupukan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan tanaman jeruk siam. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Sebangun Kecamatan Sebawi Kabupaten Sambas. Lokasi penelitian merupakan lahan jeruk siam dengan umur 8 tahun dan produksi berbeda. Jumlah titik sampel sebanyak 5 titik untuk setiap lokasi penelitian dengan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan sistem diagonal dan dikompositkan menjadi 1 sampel tanah, sehingga dari 4 lokasi penelitian terdapat 4 sampel tanah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata status hara pada lokasi penelitian (A, B, C dan D) adalah N sedang sampai tinggi, P Sangat tinggi, dan K sedang. Saran pemupukan pada masing-masing lokasi penelitian yaitu : lokasi A Kebutuhan pupuk Urea = 0,76 kg/pohon, pupuk SP-36 = 0,25 kg/pohon dan pupuk KCl = 1,55 kg/pohon, lokasi B kebutuhan pupuk Urea 0,76 kg/pohon, pupuk SP-36 = 0,25 kg/pohon dan pupuk KCl 2,12 kg/pohon, lokasi C kebutuhan pupuk Urea 0,76 kg/pohon, pupuk SP-36 0,25 kg/pohon dan pupuk KCl 2,17 kg/pohon, dan lokasi D kebutuhan pupuk Urea 0,76 kg/pohon, pupuk SP-36 = 0,25 kg/pohon dan pupuk KCl 1,49 kg/pohon. Kebutuhan pupuk NPK 15-15-15 pada lokasi penelitian yaitu 0,61 kg/pohon.

The New Era of NFL Antitrust Law, the Sunday Ticket Package: Was the Ninth Circuit Ruling a Touchdown or a Penalty?

Americans love football, but every year thousands of fans are forced to pay exorbitant annual fees if they chose to have access to out-of-market games. In other words, if fans don’t live in the territory of their favorite team, they can either pay an excessive annual fee to watch their team play or miss out on the majority of games every season. This arrangement is a result of DirecTV’s Sunday Ticket Package, which is an exclusive distributorship agreement with the NFL that prevents fans from watching live out-of-market games unless they pay the annual subscription fee. This Comment addresses and agrees with the Ninth Circuit’s holding that DirecTV’s Sunday Ticket Package and the NFL’s agreement with its teams to pool their television rights violates §§ I and II of the Sherman Act, but rebuts the court’s decision in granting the plaintiffs antitrust standing. Specifically, this Comment will explore the history of antitrust law and how it applies to the NFL, present an analysis on how the NFL injured competition and monopolized the market of football, and address how the Ninth Circuit defied Supreme Court precedent in granting antitrust standing. Ultimately, this Comment addresses the antitrust implications of the Ninth Circuit’s ruling for other professional sports leagues, consumers, and future plaintiffs of antitrust litigation, and offers solutions and suggestions for the future of television and sports

Formulation of Generic Simulation Models for Analyzing Construction Claims

While there are several techniques for analyzing the impact of claims on time schedule and productivity,very few are considered adequate and comprehensive to consider risks and uncertainties.A generic approach for claims analysis using simulation is proposed. The formulation of the generic methodology presented in this paper depends on three simulation models;As-Planned Model (APM),As-Built Model (ABM), and What-Would-HaveBeenModel(WWHBM). The proposed generic methodology as presented in this paper provides a good basis as a more elaborate approach to better analyze claims and their impacts on project time and productivity utilizing discrete event simulation.The approach proposed allows for scenario analysis to account for the disputed events and workflow disruptions. The proposed models will assist claimants in presenting their cases effectively and professionally

Wordsworth's Causal Poetics of Thought

This article first appeared in Studies in Romanticism 62, no 2 (2023). Reprinted with permission by Johns Hopkins University Press.acceptedVersio

Towards a Literary Poetics of Use : Romantic, Aesthetic, Modernist

Avhandlingen gir en ny tilnærming til aktuelle debatter i akademia om litteraturens nytte. I stedet for å ta utgangpunkt i en bestemt forestilling av hva det nyttige innebærer, for så å vurdere litteraturens legitime bruksområder, utforsker den hva litterære tekster selv har hatt å si om nyttebegrepet. Avhandlingen retter søkelyset mot engelskspråklig litteratur fra romantikken til modernismen. Den tar for seg nærlesninger av William Wordsworths romantiske lyrikk, Walter Pater og Oscar Wildes estetiske litteraturkritikk, og Virginia Woolfs modernisme. Wordsworths lyrikk går imot økonomistiske perspektiver om nytteverdi. Pater og Wilde, ofte sitert som talspersoner for et kategorisk skille mellom det estetiske og det nyttige, anses heller som tilhengere av et radikalt syn på nytte i kunst og kritikk. I Woolfs skjønnlitteratur pågår det en kontinuerlig forhandling av verdiene som avgjør hva som oppfattes som nyttig.This thesis attempts to reframe questions about the “use of literature” by asking how literary works themselves reflect on the relation of means and ends—both with respect to literature and more broadly. Its three chapters address moments in the history of modern literature in which key bodies of writing helped to define the literary in relation to the useful as a question. William Wordsworth’s poetry suggests an anti-utilitarian line of critique that does not so much dismiss utility as ally poetic thought to unmasterable means-ends relations. The Aestheticism of Walter Pater and Oscar Wilde, often taken to repudiate the useful in favor of an autonomous aesthetic sphere, instead commits literature, art, and criticism to radical use-making through the production of individuated, i.e., new and unique forms of value. Virginia Woolf’s modernist fiction theorizes an ordinary-life poetics that continually offers to reinscribe the domain of ends through attention to an all-embracing but ever labile ordinariness.Doktorgradsavhandlin