5 research outputs found
Multicolor FISH using tándem probes to detect Chromosome alterations in humans cells and populations exposed to genotoxic agents
12 páginas, 2 figuras y 2 tablas estadísticasFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with chromosome- or region-specific
DNA probes is being increasingly used in cytogenetic studies to detect aneuploidy
in interphase human cells. This technique
utilizes chemically modified DNA sequences (probes) which hybridize to distinct
regions, often blocks of repetitive DNA, located on specific chromosomes.
Hybridization with these probes in situ results in the staining of a compact chromosomal región which can be easily detected on metaphase chromosomes or within
interphase nuclei. The number of chromosomes within a given cell is then determined
by counting the number of hybridized regions. Where conventional cytogenetics
is limited to actively proliferating cells or those which could be stimulated to
divide in vitro such as peripheral blood lymphocytes, FISH studies with centromeric
probes can be conducted on interphase cells, significantly increasing the types
of cells and tissues available for analysis.Peer reviewe
Discovery and Optimization of Benzotriazine Di-<i>N</i>-Oxides Targeting Replicating and Nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Compounds bactericidal against both replicating and nonreplicating
Mtb may shorten the length of TB treatment regimens by eliminating
infections more rapidly. Screening of a panel of antimicrobial and
anticancer drug classes that are bioreduced into cytotoxic species
revealed that 1,2,4-benzotriazine di-<i>N</i>-oxides (BTOs)
are potently bactericidal against replicating and nonreplicating Mtb.
Medicinal chemistry optimization, guided by semiempirical molecular
orbital calculations, identified a new lead compound (<b>20q</b>) from this series with an MIC of 0.31 μg/mL against H37Rv
and a cytotoxicity (CC<sub>50</sub>) against Vero cells of 25 μg/mL. <b>20q</b> also had equivalent potency against a panel of single-drug
resistant strains of Mtb and remarkably selective activity for Mtb
over a panel of other pathogenic bacterial strains. <b>20q</b> was also negative in a L5178Y MOLY assay, indicating low potential
for genetic toxicity. These data along with measurements of the physiochemical
properties and pharmacokinetic profile demonstrate that BTOs have
the potential to be developed into a new class of antitubercular drugs