‘Us’ and ‘them’: the limits and possibilities of a ‘politics of neurodiversity’ in neoliberal times

The neurodiversity movement claims that there are neurological differences in the human population, and that autism is a natural variation among humans – not a disease or a disorder, just ‘a difference’. A ‘politics of neurodiversity’ is based on the claim that the ‘neurodiverse’ population constitutes a political grouping comparable with those of class, gender, sexuality or race. This paper considers the limits and possibilities of neurodiverse political activism, and concludes by calling for a politics of identity that does not depend on a politics of ‘us’ and ‘them’

Parents as advocates : the experience of parents who register an appeal with the Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunal (SENDisT)

The focus of this study is on the experiences of parents of children with special educational needs who advocate for their children in the special needs system. The Special Educational Needs Tribunal was set up in 1994 and since then more than 25,000 appeals have been registered (Hughes, 2005). In 2002, the Tribunal began hearing claims for disability discrimination and became known as the Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunal (SENDisT). The aim of this study is to foreground the parents' experiences of the system of SENDisT and to develop understanding of the experience of parenting a child with special educational needs and/ or impairments. SENDisT is more than ten years old, yet research into the workings of SENDisT has been very limited (Aldridge, 2003). A study which foregrounds parents' perspectives is, then, well overdue. As part of the narrative inquiry, parents were asked to tell their stories of going to SENDisT. Twenty four parents and eight professionals told their Tribunal stories. This study has key implications for the workings of SENDisT but it also contributes to the current debates in special education, including the system of statements, the policy of inclusion, and the working of parent-professional relationships. The study has relevance for the stake holders in the system of special education including children, parents, teachers, panel members, psychologists, LEA officers and academics. At the same time, the study reflects the uncertainty that parents who engage with Tribunals will face in the future. In a policy climate which reflects the abilist assumptions of the wider society (DfES, 2005), it is difficult to remain optimistic about the outcomes for children and their parents. However, it seems certain that some parents, at least, will continue to resist, contest and challenge the limitations and interpretations put upon their families' lives

Disablism and Diaspora: British Pakistani Families and Disabled Children

This paper explores the intersections of diaspora, disability and family. Drawing on qualitative interviews with the parents of three British Pakistani families we draw out three lines of enquiry. The first, disability and disavowal in Pakistan, explores parents’ relationship with ‘home’ and how this is complicated by the presence of disablism. The second, disability and the fight for care in Britain, explores the ways in which British Asian families are grounded not only in the cultures and traditions of their parents and the Asian subcontinent, but also in the social practices of Britain. The third, disability and diaspora - from isolation to ensembled caringscapes, examines the limits and possibilities offered through diaspora. One key affirmative element of this is the support of an extended family, which brings with it, the chance to look to the future with hope and possibility

The desire for new humanisms

This paper articulates our desire for new humanisms in a contemporary cultural, economic and global context that has been described as posthuman. As researchers committed to modes of radical, critical, politicised and inclusive education, we are mindful of the significance of social theory and its relationship with articulations of social justice. Whilst sympathetic to the potentiality of posthuman thought we grapple with the imperative to embrace new humanisms that historicise and recognise global inequalities that concurrently exist in relation to a myriad of human categories including class, age, geopolitical location, gender, sexuality, race and disability. We focus in on the latter two categories and draw on ideas from postcolonial and critical disability studies. Our argument considers the problem of humanism (as a product of colonial Western imaginaries), the critical responses offered by posthuman thinking and then seeks to rearticulate forms of new humanism that are responsive to the posthuman condition and, crucially, the political interventions of Postcolonial and Critical Disability Scholars. We then outline six new humanist projects that could productively feed into the work of the Journal of Disability Studies in Education

'Some people are not allowed to love': intimate citizenship in the lives of people labelled with intellectual disabilities

Disability helps us think differently about the ‘ideal’ neoliberal-able citizen who may not equate to ideas of productive, sexual, ‘normal’. Intimate citizenship – our rights and access to intimacy – is often ignored by those working with people labelled with intellectual disabilities and in research. In this article, we discuss the outcome of a dialogue between self-advocates labelled with intellectual disabilities, academics, service providers, Aboriginal leaders, students and artists about intimate citizenship through love, intimate work and consumption

The body as disability and possability: theorizing the ‘leaking, lacking and excessive’ bodies of disabled children

The disabled body has come to occupy more than an ‘absent presence’ in critical disability studies. Disability theory has addressed an original somatophobia through debates between social modellists, realists, phenomenologists, psychoanalysts and postconventionalists. We briefly trace these debates and then the present article considers two readings of non-normative impaired bodies. Through a focus on the embodiment stories of disabled children we consider those times when their bodies demonstrate some forms of ‘leakage, excess, lack or displacement’. Our first reading, ‘disability’, adopts a social psychoanalytic lens to alert us to the cultural constitution of the disabled body as lack. Our second reading, ‘possability’, adopts a postconventionalist stance and considers the disabled body as productively demanding imaginative theoretical and practical responses. We aim to explore the ways in which the impaired body can be embraced as a unique embodied entity through which to revise how bodies should and could be lived in. Our hope is that understanding these dual parallel processes allows us to keep together disability and possability as key elements of the difference of disability

The violence of disablism

This article addresses the multi-faceted nature of violence in the lives of disabled people, with a specific focus on the accounts of disabled children and their families. Traditionally, when violence and disability have been considered together, this has emphasised the disabled subject whom inevitably exhibits violent challenging behaviour. Recently, however, more attention has been paid to violence experienced by disabled people, most notably in relation to hate crime. This article embraces theories that do not put the problems of disablism or violence back onto disabled people but magnify and expose processes of disablism that are produced in the relationships between people, which sometimes involve violence. This, we argue, means taking seriously the role of social relationships, institutions and culture in the constitution of violence. Disabled children, we argue, are enculturated by the violence of disablism. We follow Zˇ izˇ ek’s advice to step back from the obvious signals of violence to ‘perceive the contours of the background which generates such outbursts’, and identify four elements of the violence of disablism which we define as real, psychoemotional, systemic and cultural. We come to the conclusion that violence experienced by disabled children and their families says more about the dominant culture of disablism than it does of the acts of a few seemingly irrational, unreasonable, mean or violent individuals. We conclude that there is a need for extensive cultural deconstruction and reformation

A Unique Child: inclusion - doing Christmas differently

Families of disabled children can find the festive period less stressful if they take a different approach to typical Christmas celebrations. Rachael Clark and Katherine Runswick-Cole, both parents of disabled children, explain how ..