Pathophysiology of mood disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy

Objective: There is accumulating evidence that the limbic system is pathologically involved in cases of psychiatric comorbidities in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. Our objective was to develop a conceptual framework describing how neuropathological, neurochemical and electrophysiological aspects might contribute to the development of psychiatric symptoms in TLE and the putative neurobiological mechanisms that cause mood disorders in this patient subgroup. Methods: In this review, clinical, experimental and neuropathological findings, as well as neurochemical features of the limbic system were examined together to enhance our understanding of the association between TLE and psychiatric comorbidities. Finally, the value of animal models in epilepsy and mood disorders was discussed. Conclusions: TLE and psychiatric symptoms coexist more frequently than chance would predict. Alterations and neurotransmission disturbance among critical anatomical networks, and impaired or aberrant plastic changes might predispose patients with TLE to mood disorders. Clinical and experimental studies of the effects of seizures on behavior and electrophysiological patterns may offer a model of how limbic seizures increase the vulnerability of TLE patients to precipitants of psychiatric symptoms.FAPESPPROEXCNPqFAEP

Dysfunctional Hippocampal-Prefrontal Network Underlies a Multidimensional Neuropsychiatric Phenotype following Early-Life Seizure

Data files for the preprint article: "Dysfunctional Hippocampal-Prefrontal Network Underlies a Multidimensional Neuropsychiatric Phenotype following Early-Life Seizure

Corticostriatal field potentials are modulated at delta and theta frequencies during interval-timing task in rodents

Organizing movements in time is a critical and highly conserved feature of mammalian behavior. Temporal control of action requires corticostriatal networks. We investigate these networks in rodents using a two-interval timing task while recording local field potentials in medial frontal cortex or dorsomedial striatum. Consistent with prior work, we found cue-triggered delta (1-4 Hz) and theta activity (4-8 Hz) primarily in rodent medial frontal cortex. We observed delta activity across temporal intervals in medial frontal cortex and dorsomedial striatum. Rewarded responses were associated with increased delta activity in medial frontal cortex. Activity in theta bands in medial frontal cortex and delta bands in the striatum was linked with the timing of responses. These data suggest both delta and theta activity in frontostriatal networks are modulated during interval timing and that activity in these bands may be involved in the temporal control of action

Pathophysiology of mood disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy Fisiopatologia dos transtornos de humor na epilepsia do lobo temporal

OBJECTIVE: There is accumulating evidence that the limbic system is pathologically involved in cases of psychiatric comorbidities in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. Our objective was to develop a conceptual framework describing how neuropathological, neurochemical and electrophysiological aspects might contribute to the development of psychiatric symptoms in TLE and the putative neurobiological mechanisms that cause mood disorders in this patient subgroup. METHODS: In this review, clinical, experimental and neuropathological findings, as well as neurochemical features of the limbic system were examined together to enhance our understanding of the association between TLE and psychiatric comorbidities. Finally, the value of animal models in epilepsy and mood disorders was discussed. CONCLUSIONS:TLE and psychiatric symptoms coexist more frequently than chance would predict. Alterations and neurotransmission disturbance among critical anatomical networks, and impaired or aberrant plastic changes might predispose patients with TLE to mood disorders. Clinical and experimental studies of the effects of seizures on behavior and electrophysiological patterns may offer a model of how limbic seizures increase the vulnerability of TLE patients to precipitants of psychiatric symptoms.OBJETIVO: Há evidências crescentes do envolvimento do sistema límbico nas comorbidades psiquiátricas associadas à epilepsia do lobo temporal (ELT). Nosso objetivo foi descrever o panorama atual das alterações neuropatológicas, neuroquímicas e eletrofisiológicas que podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de sintomas psiquiátricos na ELT e explorar possíveis mecanismos neurobiológicos que podem levar ao aparecimento das desordens de humor nesse subgrupo de pacientes. MÉTODOS: Achados clínicos, de modelos experimentais e neuropatológicos foram revistos, assim como características neuroquímicas do sistema límbico foram examinadas em conjunto para auxiliar nossa compreensão sobre a associação entre ELT e transtornos de humor. CONCLUSÕES: A ELT e os sintomas psiquiátricos coexistem numa frequência muito maior do que o acaso poderia sugerir. Alterações e desregulação de redes anatômicas essenciais, além de mudanças plásticas aberrantes ou deficientes, podem predispor o cérebro de pacientes com ELT a transtornos de humor. Estudos experimentais e clínicos sobre o efeito das crises no comportamento e nos padrões eletrofisiológicos podem oferecer um modelo de como as crises límbicas aumentam a vulnerabilidade a sintomas psiquiátricos em pacientes com ELT

Buyer and consumer's portuguese "quality wine" behaviour

The main purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the results of a regional survey on buyer and consumer's behaviour. Results allow us to identify consuming buyer patterns and relate them to consumer's attitudes and caracteristics such as age, sex and educacional levels.They also suggest some important variables than can be used to differentiate portuguese "Quality Wines Produced in Specified Regions" (QWPSR) and are potencial material to develop satrategies, useful to the new "quality wine" regions, particulary giving references for a segmentation process or even for the creation of communicational plans for each region or brand. This set of co-ordinated information, allows a better assessment of the Portuguese consumer's preferences. The research tries also to determine and discuss the positioning of the Portuguese QWPSR, as well as the opportunities that may be used by wine makers, the threats they might eliminate and the usefulness of constructing a good marketing plan. This survey was conducted in the the so called Grande Lisboa, in 1996, and the data were treated by using market research statistical techniques

Amplitude and latency of MD-evoked fPSPs recorded in the mPFC during baseline.

<p>Intergroup one-way ANOVA showed no significant differences. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM.</p

There were correlations between the level of LFP changes and fPSP amplitudes throughout the monitoring.

<p>The four plots represent the highest concentration of significant correlations, specifically between the delta, theta, and beta bands recorded prior to HFS and the 120–150 min time point after HFS. The lower the delta in mPFC and MD, the higher the fPSP amplitudes (top). The higher the theta-beta in mPFC, the higher the fPSP amplitudes (bottom).</p

LFP power spectrum comparing mPFC and MD oscillatory activity before, during, and after microinjection.

<p>(A) Charts detailing PILO and NIC effects on LFPs, showing a decrease in delta (0.5–4 Hz), as well as an increase in theta (4–12 Hz), beta (12–30 Hz), and gamma (30–80 Hz) relative power. The LFP changes induced by NIC occurred earlier than those induced by PILO, with a shorter duration of theta potentiation, and a stronger potentiation of beta and gamma waves. The data were obtained from all aCSF, PILO and NIC rats of the synaptic plasticity experiments. Significant differences are indicated by two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by the Newman-Keuls post-hoc test (black bar: aCSF vs. PILO; red bar: aCSF vs. NIC). (B) Representative EEG tracings from mPFC and MD before and after icv microinjections. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM.</p