Evaluation of a questionnaire to detect the risk of developing ESGD or EGGD in horses

Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) affects various categories of horses worldwide. This syndrome is now divided into two different diseases, based on the presence of lesions on either the squamous (Equine Squamous Gastric Disease, ESGD) or the glandular (Equine Glandular Gastric Disease, EGGD) mucosa. Diagnosis is based on the evaluation of the presence of gastric lesions with gastroscopic examination. As a gastroscopy can be considered expensive by clients, therapy is started often on the basis of clinical signs only. The aim of this study was to validate a questionnaire to detect the risk of developing ESGD or EGGD. The owners of 418 horses that were submitted to gastroscopic evaluation were asked to answer a questionnaire on risk factors for ESGD and EGGD. Horses were divided into three groups based on the results of the questionnaire and their risk of developing gastric lesions. In our population the survey was not useful to detect the presence and the severity of the lesions detected during gastroscopic examination, however answers to some of the questions did correlate with the development of gastric lesions. The questionnaire could therefore be a useful tool to evaluate the risk of ESGD or EGGD. Having owners periodically complete the survey could also make them more aware of changes in the conditions of the horses that could lead to gastric lesions. This could then help them seek advice from veterinarians on how to manage this potential ris

Overview of the FTU results

Since the 2018 IAEA FEC Conference, FTU operations have been devoted to several experiments covering a large range of topics, from the investigation of the behaviour of a liquid tin limiter to the runaway electrons mitigation and control and to the stabilization of tearing modes by electron cyclotron heating and by pellet injection. Other experiments have involved the spectroscopy of heavy metal ions, the electron density peaking in helium doped plasmas, the electron cyclotron assisted start-up and the electron temperature measurements in high temperature plasmas. The effectiveness of the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy system has been demonstrated and the new capabilities of the runaway electron imaging spectrometry system for in-flight runaways studies have been explored. Finally, a high resolution saddle coil array for MHD analysis and UV and SXR diamond detectors have been successfully tested on different plasma scenarios

Tracking the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.351/501Y-V2

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 O'Toole Á et al.Late in 2020, two genetically-distinct clusters of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with mutations of biological concern were reported, one in the United Kingdom and one in South Africa. Using a combination of data from routine surveillance, genomic sequencing and international travel we track the international dispersal of lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 (variant 501Y-V2). We account for potential biases in genomic surveillance efforts by including passenger volumes from location of where the lineage was first reported, London and South Africa respectively. Using the software tool grinch (global report investigating novel coronavirus haplotypes), we track the international spread of lineages of concern with automated daily reports, Further, we have built a custom tracking website (cov-lineages.org/global_report.html) which hosts this daily report and will continue to include novel SARS-CoV-2 lineages of concern as they are detected.Peer reviewe

ACE-INIBITORI NELLA TERAPIA DELL’INSUFFICIENZA CARDIACA CONGESTIZIA NEL CANE: EFFETTI COLLATERALI A MEDIO E LUNGO

Nella terapia dell'insufficienza cardiaca congestizia del cane abbiamo utilizzato, per periodi compresi tra 1 e 17 mesi, farmaci inibitori dell'enzima di conversione dell'Angiotensina (ACE-inibitori), capaci di indurre miglioramenti emodinamici dimostrabili sul piano clinico diretto e strumentale. Tuttavia, in 5 soggetti dei 16 trattati con Enalapril (Enapren "R") o Lisinopril (Zestril "R") alla dose di 0,2 - 0,5 mg/kg/die, abbiamo osservato, a distanza variabile dall'inizio della terapia, la comparsa, in associazione diversa, di insufficienza renale, di arrossamento, grattamento ed ulcere a livello cutaneo, di tosse continua, stizzosa e non produttiva, nonchè di polidipsia. Tali disturbi sono stati interpretati come effetti collaterali legati al tipo di molecola somministrata, poichè sono regrediti con l'interruzione della somministrazione del farmaco o con la sua sostituzione con altro ACE-inibitore. Sulla base delle nostre osservazioni, pur se riferite ad un campione esiguo di soggetti, è ipotizzabile che gli effetti descritti siano più frequenti di quanto noto dalla letteratura e che possano costituire una limitazione alla terapia protratta con ACE-inibitori. In the therapy of congestive heart failure in dogs inhibitors of the angiotensin converting enzyme was used for variable time from 1 to 17 months due to their ability of inducing haemodynamic improvement demonstrable on a direct and instrumental clinical level. However in 5 of the 16 subjects treated with Enalapril (Enapren "R") or Lisinopril (Zestril "R") at the dose between 0,2 and 0,5 mg/kg/die, at varying time intervals from the beginning of the therapy the appearance in of the following in different combinations were observed: renal failure, cutaneus rashes, scratching and skin ulcers, chronic dry irritative cough, as well as polydipsia. These disorders were interpreted as collateral effects linked with the type of molecule administred since they regressed when the administration of the drug was interrupted or when it was substituted with another ACE-inhibitor. On the basis of these observations, even if they refer to an exiguous sample of subjects, it can be hypothesized that the effects described are more frequent than that is referred by literature and they can constitute a limitation for chronic therapy with ACE-inhibitors