Studies on Antibacterial Activity of Asterella angusta (Steph.) Kachroo. against some Pathogenic Bacteria

The In vitro antibacterial activity of whole thallus of Asteralla angusta and  its fractions petroleum ether, benzene, acetone, methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts were tested against the growth of four human pathogenic gram negative bacteria namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonie and two gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus using agar well diffusion technique. The plant showed significant antibacterial activity against all the organisms. The maximum antibacterial activity was observed in ethanolic extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and minimum activity was observed in petroleum ether extract against Proteus mirabilis. The phytochemical analysis of the extract indicated the presence of saponin, flavonoids, and carbohydrates. The inhibitory effect of the extract was compared with standard antibiotics, streptomycin

Medical negligence and liability; A perspective from violation of international human rights law

In the present world, there has been a great amount of improvement in medical services through technology and science. Developed methods and treatments are invented, and thousands of lives are also saved. Day by day, new doors of innovation and inventions are being opened in this sector. But in spite of these developments, there is also a black dot in that improvement which is adding to the health issues of the population, called "Medical Negligence". It's the breach of “duty of care" standard on part of the medical personnel in charge, having liability to fulfil the standard and eventually leading to the occurrence of "medical negligence ". The determination of liability in cases of “medical negligence", is a complex one. In this regard, this paper opts to discuss the determination of the liability of the medical personnel in question of medical negligence as well as the legal consequence of such medical negligence as violation of basic human rights under International Human Rights Law

Boron availability in relation to some important soil chemical properties in acid soils of Cooch Behar district, West Bengal

In the present study, we investigated the distribution of soil available boron and its relationship with some soil properties in the samples collected from different locations in acidic alluvial soils of Cooch Behar district in West Bengal during 2013-2014. For the study about two hundred fifty (250) georeferenced surface soil samples covering 11 blocks of the districts were collected with the help of a global positioning system (GPS). The soil results revealed that pH of the analyzed samples varied from 4.91-7.28 (mean value 5.68) which indicated that soils of the district were in the acidic to slightly acidic in reaction. Organic carbon content of the soils varied from 0.42 to 1.62 % with a mean value of 0.96 % and about 93.7 % of the samples were high whereas about 5.2 and 1.2 % of the samples analyzed were in medium and low category, respectively. Results also indicated that the available B content in the soils of the districts ranged from 0.04 to 3.87 mg kg-1 with a mean value of 0.51 mg kg-1 and about 38.26 % soil samples were classified under low, whereas, 3.58 and 0.35 % samples were categorized as medium and high in available B content. It was further indicated that the content of available B in soil was positively correlated with organic carbon (r = 0.170**) and negatively correlated with pH (r = -0.021). Organic carbon status was also found to be positively and non significantly correlated with soil pH (r = 0.062). The results of the study would be immensely helpful for the extension workers to recommended B application considering pH and organic carbon status in acidic soils of the district for a profitable crop production

Effect of integrated nutrient management on the nutrient accumulation and status of post-harvest soil of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) under Nadia conditions (West Bengal), India

A field experiment was carried out at the Central Research Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India to study the effects of integrated nutrient management on the nutrient accumulation (dry weight recoveries) in brinjal and plant nutrient status of the post- harvest soil of brinjal under Nadia conditions. The results revealed that the treatment consisting of 75% RDF (RDF i.e. N:P:K:: 125:100:50) + Azospirillum + phosphate solubilising bacteria (PSB) + Borax @ 10 kg ha-1 recorded the highest oxidizable organic carbon (8.049 g kg-1), total nitrogen (1.05 g kg-1) , available nitrogen (212.67g kg-1), available phosphorus (76.20g kg-1) and available potassium (177.59 g kg-1) in the post harvest soils of brinjal. On the other hand, 75% RDF + Azospirillum + PSB + FeSO4 @ 50 kg ha-1 recorded the highest available iron (26.14 kg ha-1) and the treatment consisting of 75% RDF + Azospirillum + PSB + ZnSOâ‚„ @ 25 kg ha-1 recorded the highest soil available zinc (7.62 kg ha-1) while 75% RDF + Azo + PSB + Borax @ 10 kg ha-1 recorded the highest available Boron content (0.78 kg ha-1) of the post harvest soil of Brinjal. Highest brinjal yield (14.96 t ha-1) was supported by the treatment consisting of 75% RDF + Azospirillum + PSB + Boron @ 10 Kg ha-1. Meager information was available regarding the performance of integrated application of organics and micronutrient on brinjal in the experimental location. The present study may enlighten this unexplored section of nutrient management in brinjal

Role of International Community to Address Rohingya Refugee Issue

The current refugee crisis in Bangladesh is a result of the crisis in Myanmar, driven by conflict, is a pressing global humanitarian issue that has not yet been addressed effectively in international politics. While this crisis is currently one of the worst in the world at this moment, Bangladesh Government and non-government agencies are struggling to keep up with the demand. As a result, the various international and domestic agencies are facing challenges in trying to work together are not entirely unique. The research project will concentrate on finding a legal framework for the required intervention for the international community to address the refugee issue like Rohingya in Bangladesh. The research project promotes a healthy environment for dialogue among policymakers, legal practitioners, international communities, and NGO-stakeholders. Information gathering workshop & policy advocacy meeting will interconnect legal practitioners, policymakers, and 73 5th Annual Student Research Symposium Meeting of the Minds Event Program international community leaders at the national and international level, and thus, continue to generate enhanced and greater recognition of refugee crisis in Bangladesh to international communities. Enabling broad engagement of media and public officials though visibility programs will foster informed discussions and action on key Rohingya issues. Again, the development of a dedicated website, documentary and continuous blog writing regarding Rohingya issue will provide a strong virtual platform for refugee issues. In the long term, these efforts will contribute to greater stakeholder confidence and enhanced multiple-way communication create strong demand for information on international community’s policies and practices to adopt and facilitate broader stakeholder engagement in providing a legal framework for resolving refugee issues

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Doubling Farmers Income by 2022. A stakeholders Interface focus on livelihoods and climate resilient agriculture

Not AvailableThe average income of Odisha farmers is low compared to national average. The low income is attributed to various factors, viz. environmental, technological, market, and socio-economic status. Diversification with high value crops like vegetables, flowers, fruits and livestock enterprises will be a strong strategy to double the income of all the categories of farmers. This will also be a step towards climate resilient agriculture. Farmers should be encouraged to cultivate higher value crops through various government programmers. Moreover, farmers should also get easy and timely access to the quality seeds of different high yielding variety. Inclusion of livestock farming will reduce the dependence on agriculture and will buffer farmer’s income. The average agriculture productivity is also low in Odisha compared to others state in the country. To enhance the productivity supply of quality seeds, judicious use of inputs, efficient use of modern technologies, encouragement for value addition, market linkage for getting better price for the farm produce is essential. Due care should be taken, so that all the strategies will be more realistic, locally acceptable and cost effective.Not Availabl

Boron availability in relation to some important soil chemical properties in acid soils of Cooch Behar district, West Bengal

In the present study, we investigated the distribution of soil available boron and its relationship with some soil properties in the samples collected from different locations in acidic alluvial soils of Cooch Behar district in West Bengal during 2013-2014. For the study about two hundred fifty (250) georeferenced surface soil samples covering 11 blocks of the districts were collected with the help of a global positioning system (GPS). The soil results revealed that pH of the analyzed samples varied from 4.91-7.28 (mean value 5.68) which indicated that soils of the district were in the acidic to slightly acidic in reaction. Organic carbon content of the soils varied from 0.42 to 1.62 % with a mean value of 0.96 % and about 93.7 % of the samples were high whereas about 5.2 and 1.2 % of the samples analyzed were in medium and low category, respectively. Results also indicated that the available B content in the soils of the districts ranged from 0.04 to 3.87 mg kg-1 with a mean value of 0.51 mg kg-1 and about 38.26 % soil samples were classified under low, whereas, 3.58 and 0.35 % samples were categorized as medium and high in available B content. It was further indicated that the content of available B in soil was positively correlated with organic carbon (r = 0.170**) and negatively correlated with pH (r = -0.021). Organic carbon status was also found to be positively and non significantly correlated with soil pH (r = 0.062). The results of the study would be immensely helpful for the extension workers to recommended B application considering pH and organic carbon status in acidic soils of the district for a profitable crop production