An Accurate Offline Phasor Estimation Technique For Fault Location In Series Compensated Lines

In series compensated transmission lines, current and voltage signals measured by the line protection system include considerable sub-synchronous frequency components (SSFCs) which are not sufficiently damped within a typical fault clearing time of line protection system. This does not allow accurate phasor estimation and thereby phasor-based fault location. This paper presents an accurate algorithm which effectively filters out the unwanted frequency components and noise to perform accurate phasor estimation for fault location in series compensated transmission lines. Phasor estimation of a theoretical signal is first evaluated using the proposed method, Direct-Prony analysis and 4-cycle discrete Fourier transform algorithm. Then, various fault locations of a 500 kV series compensated transmission line simulated in PSCAD/EMTDC are used to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the proposed technique. It is shown that the proposed method can effectively attenuate SSFCs and other unwanted frequency components in current and voltage signals allowing accurate phasor estimation

Interventions to Increase Vaccination Rates in Homeless Adults Aged 50 Years and Older in a Shelter-Based Clinic

Pronounced disparities in adult immunizations exist across the country. In homeless adults over 50 years of age with chronic diseases, coverage rates for influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations falls at 30% as compared to the 60% coverage rate found in the general public. Hepatitis B immunization rates are also significantly lower in the elderly homeless population. Increased prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly homeless shelter residents’ increase their risk for severe complications following influenza, hepatitis B and meningococcal infections. To prevent disease epidemics and further disability in the homeless population, the need for appropriate and timely vaccinations is critical. Attitudes and beliefs towards vaccinations, distrust of healthcare providers and limited access to healthcare are significant factors for low immunization rates in the homeless population. Alcohol and substance use, mental illness and multiple chronic diseases exacerbated by congregated living conditions are risk factors for communicable diseases, which are preventable when adequate surveillance and immunization strategies are implemented. The purpose of this quality improvement project is to increase vaccination rates among high-risk elderly homeless patients in a primary care clinic. Interventions included are the implementation of immunization standing orders and client reminder/recall cards. Improvement was evaluated by comparing pre- and post- intervention immunization rates in patient population. The effectiveness of reminder cards was measured by increase in patient appointments. It is recommended that healthcare providers treating homeless patients utilize clinical practice guidelines for planning and evaluating immunization protocols and most importantly, immunize these patients at every opportunity

REFLECTIONS ON BURNOUT AND SELF-CARE MANAGEMENT IN SOCIAL WORK

Working with people with AIDS (PWAs) invariably requires that caregivers provide optimalcare both to PWAs with serious illness and functional impairment, and to themselves.Although this work is extremely rewarding, the enormity of the stress and strain it places oncaregivers should not be under-estimated. While it is tacitly assumed that family and friendswill provide care for the PWA, the caregiver is expected to possess an exceptional capacity forcaring, despite the multifarious problems associated with this

Investor Behavior: Does Tax Avoidance and Liquidity Preference Culture Drive Equity Prices in Pakistan

Research on investor behavior in Pakistan shows mixed results. One of the main reasons is that most emerging countries are plagued by market distortions and pricing incongruities. In Pakistan, studies have examined different asset pricing models without observing any acceptable explanations for anomalies. This study tries to fill this gap by studying investor behavior in Pakistan. The data sample is taken from the PSX (Pakistan Stock Exchange) 100 Index and we constructed eighteen portfolios to empirically analyze investor behavior evidenced through surplus returns of these portfolios in this market. The findings indicate that investor behavior digresses from that observed by Fama and French ( 2015 ), and we do not observe strong support for their contentions. In our study F&F 5 model explains the distribution of average excess returns only within selective portfolios; small weak - profitability stocks, big neutral - profitability stocks, and big conservative - investment stocks. While risk and size factors drive asset prices, value and profitability premium are less important. This could stem from a tax evasion culture and the need to avoid tax payments in emerging countries. The preference for liquidity and strong cash flow - investment sensitivity is apparent in the importance of the investment premium factor. Here larger investments would indicate cash-rich companies and influence investor decisions alike. The weak results of portfolio intercepts suggest there could be some omitted variables not considered in the F&F 5 model. Therefore, we recommend that in emerging countries, asset pricing models need to incorporate aspects of investor behavior and culture to realistically capture market dynamics. It would enable more accurate forecasting, reduce investor asymmetry, and mispricing by creditors and capital markets. This is one of the few studies to examine and explain investor behavior within the context of its own specific culture and environment. The study attempts to explain the anomalies through investor behavior characteristics, and is the first to suggest that tax avoidance culture and cash preferences may drive investor preferences and equity prices in these markets. It highlights the importance of investment considerations, and the lower importance of value and profitability in these equity markets stemming from cultural and behavioral perspectives

The Somatization of Depression in Native Pakistani Women

Previous studies have pointed out the comorbidity of somatization and depression among non-Western psychiatric patients. We studied the somatization of depression in Pakistani women. Two groups were studies: inpatients with DSM-III-R diagnoses of major depression and a comparison sample of women living in the community without psychiatric diagnoses. Both groups were administered a rating scale for somatization. Results indicated that patients reported significantly more somatic symptoms than nonpatients. These findings support the concept that somatization may be a cultural mode of mental distress among Pakistani women, as has been observed for other non-Western populations

Blood pressure measurement in overweight, underweight and normal BMI undergraduate students of a private medical college: correlation of BMI with blood pressure

Background: It is estimated that by 2025 around 46.5% of India’s population will be suffering from hypertension and associated complications. Thus, early detection of hypertension can prevent complications in later life. Higher BMI is associated with increased risk of elevated blood pressure. Weight related problems are on rise in college/University students. The medical students are at greater risk owing to various stressors. Thus, the present study was undertaken to measure blood pressure and BMI of undergraduate MBBS students and to find correlation with them.Methods: 253 students were enrolled in the study. BMI (Kg/m2) and blood pressure (mmHg) were measured. The data was analysed using appropriate statistical tests.Results: BMI was 22.54±2.85 and 20.75±2.99 Kg/m2 respectively in males and females (p<0.001). 21.34% and 12.65% were found to be underweight and overweight respectively.  SBP and DBP in males and females was found to be 120.54±9.48/79.71±4.77 and 110.80±0.98/74.40±5.45 mmHg respectively (p<0.001). 67.98%, 28.07% and 3.95% students were found to be normo, pre-and hypertensive respectively. Significant positive correlation of BMI with SBP and DBP was found both in males and females.Conclusions: There is weight related concerns and associated complications like elevated blood pressure in medical students

Predictors of parental mediation in teenagers’ internet use: a cross-sectional study of female caregivers in Lahore, Pakistan

Background: The internet has become the most widely used medium among teenagers, who spend much of their time online, which raises parental concerns. Notwithstanding teens' increased internet use and exposure to online risks, little is yet known about parental internet mediation in local settings. The present research aimed to assess the various dimensions of parental mediation to regulate teens' use of the internet and their predictors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the district of Lahore, Pakistan, among mothers/female caregivers of teens (aged 13-19 years). Only women were interviewed because they are more frequently engaged as primary caregivers than fathers or male caregivers. Furthermore, only qualified and working mothers from the top two professions among women, i.e. academia and medicine, were interviewed. A stratified random sampling technique was adopted, and 347 mothers were interviewed using face-to-face interviews at 11 universities and 11 hospitals/medical colleges. Data were entered and analysed using descriptive, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: The findings highlighted that more than 65% of respondents applied highly active mediation of internet safety, around 60% used highly active co-use mediation and more than 56% applied restrictive mediation. In addition, 36% of respondents monitored and 15.3% technically mediated to regulate their teens' use of the internet. The results of the multivariate logistic regression revealed that the majority of respondents were more inclined to adopt active internet safety mediation if they had teens aged 16-19 years, with medium internet addiction, possessed good digital skills, felt confident about their teens' coping appraisal to perform online protection, and considered their teens to have high self-esteem and resilience. Conclusions: This research found that parental internet mediation is a multifaceted concept used to regulate teens' online activity and enhance a resilient approach to reduce the risks associated with use of the internet. The researchers recommend developing parental guidelines, e-safety resource material, local support networks and community programmes to educate parents, teachers and teens in order to raise awareness and promote resilient pathways amongst teens

Prebiotics: A Brief Review

Although antibiotics have proven beneficial against various diseases and improve human beings’ overall health, excessive use of antibiotics may lead to an imbalance between the beneficial and harmful microorganisms, making our body more susceptible to infections. Antibiotic resistance is the second major concern. Prebiotic supplementation has gained interest in recent years to improve gastrointestinal health and immune function. Probiotic, prebiotics, and a combination of the two have evolved as good alternatives to antibiotics in case of gut health. Many potential prebiotics has been assessed, but only a few, including inulin, GOS, and FOS, have been validated utilizing human studies, while some are under trials for their beneficial effects on human health. So, the review aims to briefly explore the concept of prebiotics, their interaction with probiotics, and their effects on human health

Economic Value Added or Earnings per Share? An Incremental Content Analysis

The primary objective of the study is to determine the relative and&nbsp;incremental information content of Economic Value Added (EVA) as compared to the traditional accounting measure of&nbsp;Earnings per Share (EPS). The study employs the methodology derived from Easton and Harris (1991). The study sample&nbsp;comprises 30 largest listed non-financial firms on Pakistan Stock&nbsp;Exchange (PSX) and covers the period from 2005-2014. The&nbsp;findings indicate that EPS outperforms EVA in capturing the&nbsp;market trends of stock return performance. The results of the&nbsp;research negate the common notion of EVA as a superior&nbsp;measure of firm performance. Although, evidence obtained from&nbsp;empirical tests illustrates that EVA provides marginal&nbsp;incremental information combined with EPS, but it is low. The&nbsp;study offers academicians, practitioners and investors a more&nbsp;accurate measure by which to assess performance in the markets.&nbsp

Identifying Unauthorized Transactions On Credit Cards By Using Machine Learning Methodologies

It is essential for organizations that issue credit cards to be able to recognize fraudulent credit card transactions. This will prevent consumers from being charged for products that they did not buy with their credit card. The purpose of this project is to demonstrate the modelling of a data set via use of machine learning for the detection of credit card fraud. The problem of detecting fraudulent use of credit cards requires modelling previously completed credit card transactions using the information from those that were determined to be fraudulent. After that, this model is put to use to determine whether or not a new transaction constitutes fraudulent activity. Our goal is to appropriately handle misclassified categories by reducing the number of false Negative cases. During this stage of the process, our primary focuses have been on the analysis and preprocessing of data sets, as well as the application of multiple anomaly detection algorithms these algorithms include the local outlier factor and the isolation forest algorithm. We have used IEEE_CIS Fraud dataset, provided by the kaggle .we applied feature extraction technique to reduce the dimensionality of large dataset by extracting only those principle components with highest variance. Given the class imbalance ratio, we measured the accuracy using the Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC) which gives better results than any other previously used models