Interaction of p21CDKN1A with PCNA regulates the histone acetyltransferase activity of p300 in nucleotide excision repair

The cell-cycle inhibitor p21CDKN1A has been suggested to directly participate in DNA repair, thanks to the interaction with PCNA. Yet, its role has remained unclear. Among proteins interacting with both p21 and PCNA, the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) p300 has been shown to participate in DNA repair. Here we report evidence indicating that p21 protein localizes and interacts with both p300 and PCNA at UV-induced DNA damage sites. The interaction between p300 and PCNA is regulated in vivo by p21. Indeed, loss of p21, or its inability to bind PCNA, results in a prolonged binding to chromatin and an increased association of p300 with PCNA, in UV-irradiated cells. Concomitantly, HAT activity of p300 is reduced after DNA damage. In vitro experiments show that inhibition of p300 HAT activity induced by PCNA is relieved by p21, which disrupts the association between recombinant p300 and PCNA. These results indicate that p21 is required during DNA repair to regulate p300 HAT activity by disrupting its interaction with PCNA

Emotional impact of clinical practice in Burns Unit among nursing students: a qualitative study

Background and aim of the work. In Burns Units, the long professional relationship with patients suffering from intense physical pain and psychological distress, which cannot be completely resolved or minimized, exposes nurses to very intense emotions and stressful experiences. Learning to care for patients with such medical conditions can arouse many emotions also in nursing students, that can be both positive and negative.The goal of this study was to describe the emotional impact experienced by nursing students in a Italian Burns Unit. Methods. A qualitative research was implemented among 16 undergraduate nursing students, before and after clinical practice in a Burns Unit, through a semi-structured interview. Results. Strong and conflicting emotions from nursing students were reported in the preliminary stage of the internship. Their enthusiasm and curiosity for a new opportunity countered their fear and anxiety of not feeling able to deal with the clinical situation. The internship experience ranged from emotions of joy at the healing of patients to impotence and frustration at not being able to alleviate intense and lasting suffering. All students reported that the internship was experienced as an important opportunity for personal and professional growth. Conclusions. In light of the results, we highlight that nurse trainers should support students to take full advantage of this training, helping them to express their emotions and, in the same time, to learn to manage them profitably

Metodi microbiologici di analisi del compost

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7 , Rome / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal

Il Mito del Nemico. Identita\u300, alterita\u300 e loro rappresentazioni. The Myth of the Enemy. Alterity, identity, and their representations.

Con un\u2019ampia gamma di saggi, il volume affronta lo studio dell\u2019alterita\u300, dal Medioevo all\u2019Eta\u300 contemporanea, attraverso una prospettiva interdisciplinare, che consente di abbracciare la categoria fluida e soggettiva del "nemico", scrutandola in specifici contesti e seguendola nei suoi diversi paradigmi e trasformazioni. Cinquanta autori si confrontano con il mito mutevole del nemico, mettendo a fuoco i processi figurativi e le dinamiche ideative, all\u2019origine delle molteplici costruzioni dell\u2019alterita\u300. Organizzato tematicamente e in maniera comparata, il volume assume, di volta in volta, focus privilegiati, quali meraviglia, fascinazione, appropriazione, satira, facendo emergere un nemico arbitrario, in cui connessioni tra finzione e fobia, gerarchie e propaganda, concorrono a determinare pericolosita\u300 strategiche e modalita\u300 di assimilazione. Un mito del nemico dunque riconoscibile nelle mistificazioni di ebrei, musulmani, turchi, mori, protestanti, convertiti, non-cattolici in genere; africani, nativi americani, orientali, non-europei, e non-bianchi in genere, come pure dissidenti, e nemici in ambito politico. Vi si ritrova inoltre il nemico diventato pretesto e linfa per giustificazioni imperialistiche e coloniali. Il volume mette al centro i ruoli del diverso nell\u2019immaginario artistico e letterario, sollevando infine interrogativi circa la definizione di identita\u300 e civilta\u300. Oltre ad analisi che si concentrano sull\u2019Europa centro-occidentale, coinvolge approfondimenti su questioni inerenti i paesi mediterranei, l\u2019Est Europa, l\u2019Asia e il continente americano. Il volume, che include scritti di storia dell\u2019arte, letteratura, storia, antropologia visuale, storia del collezionismo, iconologia politica, storia delle idee e filosofia giuridica, e\u300 pensato come visione sfaccettata e di ampio respiro, su un fenomeno sfuggente e complesso, quanto di estrema attualita\u300.With its diverse essays, this volume examines the study of otherness, from the Middle Ages to the contemporary age, through an interdisciplinary perspective that embraces the subjective and fluid category of the enemy in specific contexts and in its different paradigms and transformations. Fifty authors tackle the myth of the enemy and uncover figurative processes and intellectual dynamics behind the constructions of otherness. Thematically and comparatively structured, the book considers specific themes, such as wonder, fascination, appropriation, and satire. It reveals an arbitrary enemy, in which connections between fiction and phobia, hierarchies and propaganda determine strategic defamation and modes of assimilation. The myth of the enemy is here recognizable in the mystification of Jews, Muslims, Turks, Moors, Protestants, converts, and non-Catholics in general; Africans, Native Americans, Asians, non-Europeans, and non-whites in general; dissidents, and enemies in the political sphere. We can also see how the enemy, as a convenient device, was used for imperialist and colonial justifications. In addition, the volume focuses on the roles of diversity in the artistic and literary imagination. Finally, it raises questions about the definition of identity and civilization. The volume transcends exclusively western and central European conceptions and offers insight into the Mediterranean, Eastern European, Asian, and American viewpoints. It includes essays from art history, literature, history, collecting studies, visual anthropology, political iconology, the history of ideas, and legal philosophy. It offers a multifaceted and comprehensive exploration of an elusive, complex, and highly topical phenomenon