Adults with sedentary lifestyle, overweight, obesity and the risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea hypoapnea syndrome in a sample of the Ecuadorian population

Overweight, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle have been associated with poor sleep quality, which includes obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome. The objective of this research was to relate sedentary lifestyle, overweight, and obesity as risk factors for developing obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome in a sample of Ecuadorian adults. For this research, adults over 18 years of age belonging to 17 provinces of Ecuador were considered as the study population, the non-probability sampling technique was used for convenience, and different questionnaires were used for data collection: Berlin questionnaire was used to evaluate the risk of obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome, Epworth sleepiness questionnaire for the study of sleep quality, as well as the IPAQ international physical activity questionnaire. Among the most important results, 61.4% women, 95.2% mestizos, 47.8% people were those who performed high physical activities, 82.4% resided in the urban areas. Participants with normal weight predominated, 57.7%. It was found that 10.3% of the surveyed population presents a high risk of suffering from obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome. When relating it to the physical activity variable, it was observed that sedentary people have 17.3% of suffering from the syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea, when relating to overweight and obesity we found 10.85% and 63.6%, respectively. These differences were statistically significant p < 0.05. In conclusion, the risk of obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome was related to sedentary, overweight, and obese people. Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome sedentary lifestyle, physical activity, overweight, obesity. Resumen En los últimos años se ha asociado al sobrepeso, obesidad y sedentarismo como causas de una mala calidad del sueño que han provocado enfermedades como el síndrome de apneahipoapnea obstructiva del sueño. El objetivo de la investigación fue relacionar el sedentarismo, sobrepeso y obesidad como factores de riesgo para desarrollar el síndrome de apneahipoapnea obstructiva del sueño en una muestra de personas adultas ecuatorianas. Para la investigación se tomó como población de estudio a personas adultas mayores de 18 años pertenecientes a 17 provincias del Ecuador, se utilizó la técnica de muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, para la recolección de datos se utilizó diferentes cuestionarios: cuestionario de Berlín que evalúa el riesgo de padecer síndrome de apnea-hipoapnea obstructiva del sueño, cuestionario de somnolencia de Epworth para el estudio de la calidad del sueño y el cuestionario internacional de actividad física IPAQ. Entre los resultados más importantes se resalta mujeres 61,4%, mestizos 95,2%, personas que realizan actividades físicas altas 47,8%, residen en la zona urbana 82,4%. Predominaron los participantes con normopeso 57,7%. Se encontró que el 10,3% de la población encuestada presenta riesgo alto de padecer síndrome de apnea-hipoapnea obstructiva del sueño, al relacionar con la variable de actividad física se pudo observar que las personas sedentarias tienen un 17,3% de padecer síndrome de apneahipoapnea obstructiva del sueño, al relacionar con el sobrepeso y obesidad encontramos el 10,85% y 63,6% respectivamente, estas diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas p<0,05. En conclusión, el riesgo de padecer el síndrome de apnea-hipoapnea obstructiva del sueño se relacionó con las personas con sedentarismo, sobrepeso y obesidad. Palabras Clave: Síndrome de Apnea-Hipoapnea Obstructiva del Sueño, SAHOS, Actividad Física, Sobrepeso, Obesidad

Peri-implant tissue management after immediate implant placement using a customized healing abutment

OBJECTIVE The unavoidable extraction of teeth in the esthetic area can be overcome through different treatment modalities. Recently, immediate implants appeared as a minimally invasive approach to resolving these cases; however, immediate implant loading is not always possible or indicated. In these cases, an innovative approach through customized healing abutments could be used to preserve the soft tissue contour, eliminating the need for reopening surgery and the use of provisional restorations to condition the mucosal contour. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS The present cases describe a simplified chairside approach to use customized healing abutments for immediate implants placed after tooth extraction in the anterior and posterior areas in order to maintain the soft tissue contours while reducing the clinical steps until delivering the final restorations. CONCLUSIONS This technique seems to be effective to guide the soft tissue healing around dental implants allowing a natural emergence profile with implant-supported restorations, reducing the number of treatment steps. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of customized healing abutments prepares soft tissue for the prosthetic stage preserving its contours and eliminating the need for reopening surgery

Adhesion behavior of conventional and high‐translucent zirconia: Effect of surface conditioning methods and aging using an experimental methodology

Objective: Evaluate the adhesive behavior of conventional and high-translucent zirconia after surface conditioning and hydrothermal aging. Materials and methods: Conventional (ZrC) and high-translucent zirconia (ZrT) specimens were divided into six groups: without surface treatment (ZrC and ZrT), air-borne particle abrasion with 50-μm Al2 O3 sized particles (ZrC-AO and ZrT-AO), and tribochemical treatment with 30-μm silica modified Al2 O3 sized particles (ZrC-T and ZrT-T). Zirconia specimens were treated using an MDP-containing universal adhesive and bonded to two resins blocks with an adhesive luting cement. Microbar specimens with cross-sectioned areas of 1 mm2 were achieved. Half of the microbars were subjected to hydrothermal aging. Bond strength was evaluated by microtensile bond strength test and statistically evaluated by the Weibull analysis. Results: Roughness of the ZrC-AO and ZrT-AO groups were statistically higher. Bond strength analysis revealed higher bond strength for ZrC-AO and ZrC-T groups compared to ZrT-AO and ZrT-T, respectively. Mixed failure was the most frequent for the mechanically treated groups, while no cohesive failures were obtained. Conclusion: Lower values of bond strength were obtained for the mechanically treated high-translucent zirconia groups when compared to their conventional zirconia counterparts. Mechanical surface treatment significantly improved the bond strength to conventional and high-translucent zirconia. Clinical significance: Mechanical surface treatment (air-borne particle abrasion or tribochemical treatment) associated with the use of universal adhesives containing MDP could provide a durable bonding to conventional and high-translucent zirconia. Keywords: adhesive cementation; high-translucent zirconia; microtensile bond strength

Canine and feline histoplasmosis: clinical signs, diagnostic methods and treatment

La histoplasmosis es una enfermedad zoonótica, causada por el hongo dimórfico Histoplasma capsulatum, endémica en zonas tropicales, subtropicales y templadas de América y África. Suelos con abundante materia orgánica, excremento de aves y guano de murciélagos constituyen el nicho ecológico de este microorganismo. Esta micosis puede afectar a gran variedad de mamíferos. En esta revisión bibliográfica se aborda el tema de la histoplasmosis canina y felina, haciendo referencia, principalmente, a los métodos diagnósticos directos e indirectos empleados para su identificación. Además, se describen las manifestaciones clínicas características de cada fase de la enfermedad y su tratamiento y se presenta un algoritmo de diagnóstico.Histoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease affecting a wide variety of animals caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungus endemic in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of America and Africa. Soil with abundant organic material, bird droppings and bat guano, constitutes the ecological niche of this microorganism. In this literature review the issue of canine and feline histoplasmosis is addressed, referring mainly to direct and indirect diagnostic methods employed for identification. Clinical manifestations characteristic of each stage of the disease and their treatments are described; also, a diagnostic algorithm is presented.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Biological Active Ecuadorian Mango ‘Tommy Atkins’ Ingredients—An Opportunity to Reduce Agrowaste

Mango is a commercially important tropical fruit. During its processing, peel and seed kernel are discarded as waste but they could be recovered as an excellent and cost-effective source of health-promoting ingredients. This study aimed to characterize some of them, including carotenoids like the provitamin A β-carotene and lutein, with an interest beyond its role in eye health. Other health-promoting compounds like tocopherols and polyphenols were also evaluated, as well as the in vitro antioxidant capacity of mango by-products. Regarding isoprenoids, α-tocopherol was mainly found in the peels and carotenoids concentration was higher in the pulps. β-carotene was the most abundant carotene in pulp and seed kernel, whereas peel was the only source of lutein, with violaxanthin the most abundant xanthophyll in the different mango organs tested. With regard to polyphenols, peels exhibited greater variability in its phenolic composition, being the total content up to 85 and 10 times higher than the pulp and seed kernels, respectively. On the other hand, peels also stood out for being a very rich source of mangiferin. Seed kernels and peels showed higher antioxidant capacity values than the pulps. These results contribute to the valorization of mango by-products as new natural ingredients for the pharma and food industries.España, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad COOPB20125Ecuador, Escuela Politécnica Nacional PIS 12-21 and PIMI 14-14Secretaría General Iberoamericana, 112RT0460-CORNUCOPIA, 112RT0445-IBERCAROTEcuador, Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación PROMETEO-CEB-018-201

Innovative High-Surface-Area CuO Pretreated Cotton Effective in Bacterial Inactivation under Visible Light

This study presents the first report on enhanced bacterial inactivation of E. coli by RF-plasma pretreated cotton with high-surface-area CuO powders compared with nonpretreated cotton textiles. The high-surface-area CuO (65 m/g) powder was fully characterized. The E. coli inactivation proceeded in the dark and was accelerated under visible and sunlight irradiation even at very low levels of visible light irradiation. The effect the RF-plasma pretreatment of the cotton on the binding of CuO, applied light dose, the amount of CuO loading and initial E. coli concentration on the inactivation kinetics of E. coli is reported in detail

Blood gases, biochemistry and haematology of Galápagos hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata)

The hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata, is a marine chelonian with a circum-global distribution, but the species is critically endangered and has nearly vanished from the eastern Pacific. Although reference blood parameter intervals have been published for many chelonian species and populations, including nesting Atlantic hawksbills, no such baseline biochemical and blood gas values have been reported for wild Pacific hawksbill turtles. Blood samples were drawn from eight hawksbill turtles captured in near shore foraging locations within the Galápagos archipelago over a period of four sequential years; three of these turtles were recaptured and sampled on multiple occasions. Of the eight sea turtles sampled, five were immature and of unknown sex, and the other three were females. A portable blood analyzer was used to obtain near immediate field results for a suite of blood gas and chemistry parameters. Values affected by temperature were corrected in two ways: (i) with standard formulas and (ii) with auto-corrections made by the portable analyzer. A bench top blood chemistry analyzer was used to measure a series of biochemistry parameters from plasma. Standard laboratory haematology techniques were employed for red and white blood cell counts and to determine haematocrit manually, which was compared to the haematocrit values generated by the portable analyzer. The values reported in this study provide reference data that may be useful in comparisons among populations and in detecting changes in health status among Galápagos sea turtles. The findings might also be helpful in future efforts to demonstrate associations between specific biochemical parameters and disease or environmental disasters

Anisotropic magnetotransport realized in doped hematite

Conventional antiferromagnetic materials have long been recognized for their time-reversal symmetry, resulting in a zero anomalous Hall coefficient. However, a paradigm shift occurs when examining easy-axis antiferromagnets and their spin-flop transition. This transition introduces a magnetic canted moment, leading to the emergence of a non-zero anomalous Hall signal and the generation of a non-dissipative transversal current. While high symmetry systems typically manifest an isotropic Hall effect, our study unveils the extraordinary behavior exhibited by hematite that becomes conductive due to small Ti doping. We investigate the magnetotransport in Titanium-doped hematite, uncovering a highly pronounced and unconventional symmetry. Notably, this effect displays a remarkable dependence on the crystal orientation of the material. We establish a compelling correlation between our experimental observations and the predicted anomalous Hall effect in altermagnets through symmetry analysis. This study expands our understanding of the Hall effect in antiferromagnetic materials and sheds light on the intricate interplay between crystal orientation and unconventional Hall phenomena

Propuesta de modificaci?n de la Ley de Contrataciones del Estado y su reglamento, incorporando el di?logo competitivo como herramienta para la compra p?blica de innovaci?n

Las entidades p?blicas presentan dificultades para contratar bienes o servicios innovadores debido a que, por el escaso conocimiento del mercado, no tienen claras sus opciones de compra o no tienen seguridad sobre la formulaci?n y cumplimiento de plazos y/o est?ndares de calidad, m?s aun cuando el marco legal para ello, la Ley de Contrataciones del Estado y su Reglamento, orientan la formulaci?n del requerimiento en t?rminos de la soluci?n que existe en el mercado en lugar de encontrar la soluci?n en base al problema p?blico que se desea solucionar. En este escenario, la Compra Publica de Innovaci?n (CPI) brinda la posibilidad de estimular a las empresas privadas a innovar, logrando nuevas y mejores maneras de comprar bienes y servicios de calidad, lo que generar? una mejora en la prestaci?n de los servicios p?blicos brindados al ciudadano y el fomento de la investigaci?n, desarrollo e innovaci?n, elementos que promover?n el desarrollo econ?mico y social del pa?s. En este contexto, se propone la incorporaci?n del procedimiento de selecci?n de di?logo competitivo en la Ley de Contrataciones del Estado y su Reglamento, lo que viabilizar? la contrataci?n de bienes y servicios innovadores por parte de las entidades p?blicas del Estado peruano

Interlaboratory exercise for the analysis of carotenoids and related compounds in dried mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.)

An interlaboratory comparison was done for the analysis of carotenoids in freeze-dried mango. The study was performed from July to September 2018. Mango fruit was freeze-dried, homogenized, and packaged under vacuum conditions in portions of 6 g (test sample). Two test samples were sent to the participating laboratories for analysis. Laboratory results were rated using Z-scores in accordance with ISO 13528 and ISO 17043. The standard deviation for proficiency assessment (also called target standard deviation) was determined using a modified Horwitz function and varied between 10% and 25%, depending on the analyte. Out of 14 laboratories from 10 different countries, 9 laboratories (64%) obtained a satisfactory performance (Z ≤ 2) for the analysis of β-carotene. While for 7 laboratories that analyzed α-carotene, (9Z)-β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and zeaxanthin, 4 laboratories (57%) obtained a satisfactory performance. However, only 2 laboratories out of 7 (29%) obtained a satisfactory performance for lutein. Based on the comparability of the analytical results, this study concludes that freeze-dried mango pulp can be used as a reference material for the analysis of α and β-carotene, (9Z)-β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and zeaxanthin by applying different analytical procedures for their extraction and quantification