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The Journey to R4D: An institutional history of an Australian Initiative on Food Security in Africa
Internal Revie
Coherent state of a nonlinear oscillator and its revival dynamics
The coherent state of a nonlinear oscillator having a nonlinear spectrum is
constructed using Gazeau Klauder formalism. The weighting distribution and the
Mandel parameter are studied. Details of the revival structure arising from
different time scales underlying the quadratic energy spectrum are investigated
by the phase analysis of the autocorrelation function
d-Dimensional generalization of the point canonical transformation for a quantum particle with position-dependent mass
The d-dimensional generalization of the point canonical transformation for a
quantum particle endowed with a position-dependent mass in Schrodinger equation
is described. Illustrative examples including; the harmonic oscillator,
Coulomb, spiked harmonic, Kratzer, Morse oscillator, Poschl-Teller and Hulthen
potentials are used as reference potentials to obtain exact energy eigenvalues
and eigenfunctions for target potentials at different position-dependent mass
settings.Comment: 14 pages, no figures, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Ge
Constraints on Baryon-Nonconserving Yukawa Couplings in a Supersymmetric Theory
The 1-loop evolution of couplings in the minimal supersymmetric standard
model, extended to include baryon nonconserving operators through
explicit -parity violation, is considered keeping only
superpotential terms involving the maximum possible number of third generation
superfields. If all retained Yukawa couplings are required to remain in
the perturbative domain upto the scale of gauge group unification,
upper bounds ensue on the magnitudes of the coupling strengths at
the supersymmetry breaking scale, independent of the model of unification. They
turn out to be similar to the corresponding fixed point values reached from a
wide range of (including all greater than unity) at the unification
scale. The coupled evolution of the top and Yukawa couplings results
in a reduction of the fixed point value of the former.Comment: PRL-TH-94/8 and TIFR/TH/94-7, 15 pages, LaTe
Measurement of gut permeability using fluorescent tracer agent technology
Abstract The healthy gut restricts macromolecular and bacterial movement across tight junctions, while increased intestinal permeability accompanies many intestinal disorders. Dual sugar absorption tests, which measure intestinal permeability in humans, present challenges. Therefore, we asked if enterally administered fluorescent tracers could ascertain mucosal integrity, because transcutaneous measurement of differentially absorbed molecules could enable specimen-free evaluation of permeability. We induced small bowel injury in rats using high- (15 mg/kg), intermediate- (10 mg/kg), and low- (5 mg/kg) dose indomethacin. Then, we compared urinary ratios of enterally administered fluorescent tracers MB-402 and MB-301 to urinary ratios of sugar tracers lactulose and rhamnose. We also tested the ability of transcutaneous sensors to measure the ratios of absorbed fluorophores. Urinary fluorophore and sugar ratios reflect gut injury in an indomethacin dose dependent manner. The fluorophores generated smooth curvilinear ratio trajectories with wide dynamic ranges. The more chaotic sugar ratios had narrower dynamic ranges. Fluorophore ratios measured through the skin distinguished indomethacin-challenged from same day control rats. Enterally administered fluorophores can identify intestinal injury in a rat model. Fluorophore ratios are measureable through the skin, obviating drawbacks of dual sugar absorption tests. Pending validation, this technology should be considered for human use
Coherent states of P{\"o}schl-Teller potential and their revival dynamics
A recently developed algebraic approach for constructing coherent states for
solvable potentials is used to obtain the displacement operator coherent state
of the P\"{o}schl-Teller potential. We establish the connection between this
and the annihilation operator coherent state and compare their properties. We
study the details of the revival structure arising from different time scales
underlying the quadratic energy spectrum of this system.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
Can low-carbon urban development be pro-poor? The case of Kolkata, India
Fast-growing cities in the Global South have an important role to play in climate change mitigation. However, city governments typically focus on more pressing socio-economic needs, such as reducing urban poverty. To what extent can social, economic and climate objectives be aligned? Focusing on Kolkata in India, we consider the economic case for low-carbon urban development, and assess whether these this pathway could support wider social goals. We find that Kolkata could reduce its energy bill by 8.5% and greenhouse gas emissions by 20.7% by 2025, relative to business-as-usual trends, by exploiting readily available, economically attractive mitigation options. Some of these measures offer significant social benefits, particularly in terms of public health; others jeopardise low-income urban residents’ livelihoods, housing and access to affordable services. Our findings demonstrate that municipal mitigation strategies need to be designed and delivered in collaboration with affected communities in order to minimise social costs and – possibly – achieve transformative change
Universal primers that amplify RNA from all three flavivirus subgroups
Background: Species within the Flavivirus genus pose public health problems around the world. Increasing cases of Dengue and Japanese encephalitis virus in Asia, frequent outbreaks of Yellow fever virus in Africa and South America, and the ongoing spread of West Nile virus throughout the Americas, show the geographical burden of flavivirus diseases. Flavivirus infections are often indistinct from and confused with other febrile illnesses. Here we review the specificity of published primers, and describe a new universal primer pair that can detect a wide range of flaviviruses, including viruses from each of the recognised subgroups
Gauge and Yukawa Unification with Broken R-Parity
We study gauge and Yukawa coupling unification in the simplest extension of
the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) which incorporates R-Parity
violation through a bilinear superpotential term. Contrary to what happens in
the MSSM, we show that bottom-tau unification at the scale M_GUT where the
gauge couplings unify can be achieved for any value of tan(beta) by choosing
appropriately the sneutrino vacuum expectation value. In addition, we show that
bottom-tau-top unification occurs in a slightly wider tan(beta) range than in
the MSSM.Comment: 9 pages, including one figure. Late
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