Conocer desde las experiencias del disenso. Abordando la producción de ausencia y presencia entre iniciativas críticas y propuestas oficiales en México

El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar algunas experiencias de protesta social, resistencia y crítica política en México con especial interés en sus rasgos epistemológicos. Se muestra cómo las iniciativas críticas representan una ruptura con respeto a la producción de conocimiento al tomar como punto de partida la experiencia vivida. En esto se diferencian de la producción de conocimiento oficial del país que, al apoyarse en el pensamiento abismal explicado por Santos, no ofrece herramientas adecuadas para actuar constructivamente hacia las metas de la protesta social, resistencia y crítica política. Estas iniciativas presentan posibilidades alternativas y más complejas de pensar la relación entre actores críticos y el Estado; contradicen perspectivas propuestas desde las autoridades mexicanas e incluyen elementos no contemplados por el pensamiento abismal/la razón metonímica. En este sentido, las reflexiones de Gargarella sobre el derecho a la protesta como el primer derecho puede servir como referencia teórica para corrientes críticas de las estructuras de poder verticales. El artículo presenta propuestas críticas hacia las prioridades y pretensiones universalistas abismales, con lo cual se posibilita el reconocimiento de actividades que los actores críticos perciben como legítimas, aunque éstas sean controversiales desde la perspectiva abismal. La pretensión es por lo tanto mostrar que dichas iniciativas pueden interpretarse como esfuerzos de diversificación del presente en el sentido que Santos presenta el concepto. De este modo, se pretende abrir, también, una discusión sobre criterios de legitimidad de las iniciativas críticas, con los que puedan apoyar sus argumentos teóricamente en mayor grado al reemplazar la base abismal por fundamentos epistemológicos diferentes

Price Dynamics and Trader Overconfidence

Overconfidence is one of the most important biases in financial markets and commonly associated with excessive trading and asset market bubbles. So far, most of the finance literature takes overconfidence as a given, "static" personality trait. In this paper we introduce a novel experimental design which allows us to track different measures of overconfidence during an asset market bubble. The results show that overconfidence co-moves with asset prices and points towards a feedback loop in which overconfidence adds fuel to the flame of existing bubbles

Parametric equations for Shields parameter and wave orbital velocity in combined current and irregular waves

A fundamental requirement for any scour assessment and scour protection design is the ability to determine the Shields parameter for combined wave and current conditions. The Shields parameter can be calculated for current combined with monochromatic waves using the approach of Soulsby (1997) in combination with the wave friction factor concept. For current in combination with irregular waves, the same approach is suggested using a wave orbital velocity, Um, for representation of the irregular sea state. Um is defined as 1.41 times the standard deviation of the near bed wave orbital velocity. The Soulsby (2006) expression for Um is compared with a hyperbolic expression and validated using numerical methods and laboratory measurements. A large number of expressions exist for the wave friction factor as a function of relative bed roughness. From a literature study, the paper proposes a combination of existing expressions to cover relative bed roughnesses from sand over gravel to coarse armour rock

Sandwaves and megaripples at Race Bank (UK) Offshore Wind Farm

The Race Bank Offshore Windfarm is part of the UK Round 2 extension. The windfarm comprises 91 6.3 MW turbines and two substations with total installed power of 573 MW. Construction work is scheduled for 2016/17. The windfarm is located in UK waters in the southern part of the North Sea about 30 km north of the Norfolk coastline and 30 km east of Lincolnshire. The Race Bank site has a diverse morphology located on large sandbanks with mobile sandwaves and megaripples and intersected by deeper featureless swales where clay soil formations are found close to or at the sea floor. The morphological complexity of the site was recognised early in the project development and numerous bathymetric surveys have been undertaken to help quantify sandwave migration rates and expected seabed variability. Morphological seabed assessments have been conducted by ABPmer throughout the project development. In the detailed design phase the ABPmer assessments have been combined with in-house DONG Energy analysis to provide design seabed levels and anticipated ranges of natural seabed changes within the lifetime of the windfarm. The paper presents an overall morphological characterisation of the windfarm site and provides examples of the very diverse seabed morphology encountered. When quantified, the morphological diversity can be absorbed in the monopile foundation design and cable installation contractors can select appropriate installation tools. The paper thus comes with a recommendation to ensure that bathymetric surveys in morphological active sites are carried out early and repeatedly during the project development stages