The role of joint training in inter-organizational collaboration in emergency management

Doctoral thesis (PhD) – Nord University, 2021publishedVersio

Understanding chemical, biogenic, and detrital magnetic signatures in sediments

Much of Earth’s history is recorded by sediments and sedimentary rocks. Paleo- and environmental magnetism help to explore these geologic records by providing paleoenvironmental proxies, stratigraphic tie-points, information about continental plate motion and about geomagnetic field variations through time. A major challenge in paleo- and environmental magnetism is to distinguish depositional from post-depositional signatures. This thesis explores both types of magnetic signatures in natural sediment archives and provides fundamental research aiming to elicit bio- and geochemical processes that can modify the magnetic mineral inventory and overprint paleomagnetic records. A magnetostratigraphic study of fluvio-lacustrine sediments from Central Asia provides a chronology for the Mio-Pleistocene syn-tectonic deposits of the Issyk-Kul Basin. From these age constraints we determined the onset of mountain building and the timing of tectonic events, which transformed the area into a closed basin that now hosts one of the deepest mountain lakes on Earth. In a study of modern surface sediments, we investigated magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), which are ubiquitous in benthic environments worldwide and biosynthesize intracellular magnetic minerals. When preserved in the rock-record these magnetofossils represent ideal recorders of the Earth’s magnetic field and their concentration has been linked to paleoclimatic variations. Understanding what controls MTB abundance remains, however, limited. By monitoring spatiotemporal changes in the population of MTB in a freshwater pond, we inferred coeval changes of the population size among nearby sites that were largely independent of season, temperature, and bottom water oxygen concentration. Variations of the magnetofossil concentration are treated in a separate study on marine sediments from the western Tropical Atlantic. Systematic glacial-interglacial variations were linked to changes in palaeoceanographic conditions at the site, which supports that magnetofossils represent sensitive paleoclimatic biomarkers. Finally, post-depositional chemical remagnetization is addressed through novel laboratory experiments that recreate this process under controlled conditions. Greigite (Fe3S4), a common authigenic magnetic mineral, was synthesized in artificial sediments under controlled magnetic field conditions. The formation pathway and magnetic properties of greigite are characterized, and the evolution of chemical remanent magnetization (CRM) monitored via real-time, in-situ magnetic measurements. Redeposition of the greigite-bearing sediments lead to depositional magnetizations that were 5-6 times weaker than the CRMs recorded by the same grains under the same magnetic field conditions. The results are consistent with theoretical models of the different magnetic recording mechanism and show for the first time how magnetic mineral growth in sediments can bias paleomagnetic reconstructions of Earth’s magnetic field intensity

Psychological variables asociated [i.e. associated] with the exceptional survival of terminally ill cancer patients.

EducationDoctor of Education (Ed.D.

Emergency management competence needs: Education and training for key emergency management personnel in a maritime Arctic environment MARPART2-(MAN), Project Report 2

This report focuses on competence demands among key management personnel responsible for maritime emergency response. The report has a special focus on competence challenges related to operations in an Arctic environment

Etat des lieux et potentiel de l'agriculture urbaine en Suisse : analyse de deux projets d'agriculture urbaine sous l'angle des régimes institutionnels des ressources naturelles

Ce travail de recherche dresse un panorama de l'état du développement des pratiques d'agriculture urbaine en Suisse et analyse le potentiel que celles-ci pourraient y développer, compte tenu des particularités du contexte national. La démarche adoptée suit une logique allant du général au particulier, de la théorie à la pratique, du descriptif vers l'analytique. Dans un premier temps, l'agriculture urbaine est abordée sous un angle conceptuel, comprenant un retour historique sur la relation ville-campagne et sur l'apparition récente du terme d'agriculture urbaine, un tour d'horizon de la littérature sur le sujet, une revue de ses diverses approches scientifiques et la circonscription des enjeux de sa définition. Dans un deuxième temps, l'agriculture urbaine est envisagée sous sa forme pratique, en Suisse comme à l'étranger. En ressort un inventaire étendu de ses différents types de mises en application, auquel correspond un panel d'atouts identifiés selon les trois versants du développement durable : social, écologique et économique. En troisième lieu les spécificités du contexte helvétique sont étudiées afin de comprendre quel est le cadre dans lequel le potentiel de l'agriculture urbaine pourrait se développer. Finalement, ce sont deux cas concrets d'agriculture urbaine qui sont analysés et évalués dans les détails, selon l'approche dite des régimes institutionnels des ressources naturelles (RIRN): le « plantage » lausannois du quartier de la Bourdonnette et le Stadiongarten dans le quartier Kreis 5 à Zurich. Au fil de cette recherche, il apparaît que l'agriculture urbaine révèle toute une série d'avantages en termes de développement durable, alors même que les villes suisses sont unanimement reconnues comme présentant un déficit dans ce domaine. De même, malgré les bienfaits importants que présentent ses diverses pratiques, l'agriculture urbaine reste encore très peu répandue en Suisse, le concept lui-même n'apparaissant que très rarement dans le discours des pouvoirs publics. Le principal frein à l'agriculture en ville est identifié comme étant le manque d'espace disponible dans les agglomérations, contrainte pourtant largement surmontable en y regardant de plus près. De par sa configuration topographique, le territoire suisse est particulièrement sujet à une étroite proximité entre espaces urbains et étendues agricoles, accroissant de ce fait la problématique de l'étalement urbain et du mitage du paysage. Parmi les enjeux de la lutte contre ces phénomènes concomitants, l'agriculture urbaine aurait un rôle important à jouer. En conclusion, une série de recommandations sont proposées afin que les projets d'agriculture urbaine puissent se développer et perdurer en Suisse. Abstract : This research paper provides an overview of the state of development of urban agriculture practices in Switzerland. It analyzes their potential of expansion while taking into account the particularities of the national context. The method follows a general to particular, theory to practice and descriptive to analytical reasoning. Firstly, urban agriculture is approached through a conceptual view, including a historical overview of the relationship between town and country and of the recent appearance of the term "urban agriculture". An outline of the literature on the subject, an examination of its various scientific approaches and riding issues of its definition are elaborated as well. In a second step, urban agriculture is considered in its practical form, both in Switzerland and abroad. From this we created an extensive inventory of various types of implementations which corresponds to a panel of assets identified according to the three aspects of sustainable development: social, ecology and economics. Thirdly the specificities of Swiss context are studied in order to understand the frame in which the potential of urban agriculture could be developed. Finally, two case studies of urban agriculture are analyzed and evaluated in detail, according to the so-called institutional regimes of natural resources (RIRN) approach: the "plantage" of the Bourdonnette neighborhood in Lausanne and the "Stadiongarten" in the Kreis 5 neighborhood in Zurich. Throughout this research, urban agriculture reveals a number of advantages in terms of sustainable development, even though the Swiss cities are unanimously recognized as having a deficit in this area. As well, despite the significant benefits that are its various practices, urban agriculture is still very uncommon in Switzerland, the concept itself appearing only rarely in public debates. The main obstacle to city agriculture is identified as the lack of available space in urban areas, however this constraint can easily be surpassed. By its topographical configuration, Switzerland is particularly prone to a close proximity between urban and agricultural spaces, thereby increasing the problems of urban sprawl. Among the stakes in the struggle against these interrelated phenomena, urban agriculture could play an important role. In conclusion, a series of recommendations are proposed so that urban agriculture projects can grow and persist in Switzerland

New Zealand Works for Contrabassoon

The contrabassoon is seldom thought of as a solo instrument. Throughout the long history of contraregister double-reed instruments the assumed role has been to provide a foundation for the wind chord, along the same line as the double bass does for the strings. Due to the scale of these instruments - close to six metres in acoustic length, to reach the subcontra B flat’’, an octave below the bassoon’s lowest note, B flat’ - they have always been difficult and expensive to build, difficult to play, and often unsatisfactory in evenness of scale and dynamic range, and thus instruments and performers are relatively rare. Given this bleak outlook it is unusual to find a number of works written for solo contrabassoon by New Zealand composers. This exegesis considers the development of contra-register double-reed instruments both internationally and within New Zealand, and studies five works by New Zealand composers for solo contrabassoon, illuminating what it was that led them to compose for an instrument that has been described as the 'step-child' or 'Cinderella' of both the wind chord and instrument makers

Maritime Emergency Management Capabilities in the Arctic

Author's accepted version (postprint).This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers in ISOPE - International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers. Proceedings on 07/2016, available online: http://www.isope.org/publications/proceedings/ISOPE/ISOPE%202016/index.ht

Reactivity of Some Transition Metal Complexes of Anthranilic Acid with Leucine and Monochloroacetic Acid

Six mixed ligand complexes of [M(Anth) (Leu)] . nH20 and [M(Anth) (Clac)] types, where M=Co, Ni and Cu; n e=O, 2 or 4; Anth e anthranilate and Leu e leucinate, have been prepared. They were characterized on the basis of their analyses, infrared and UV-VIS spectra, magnetic and thermal measurements. All the compounds were found to have presumably distorted octahedral configurations. The polymeric structure of the complexes is indicated by their insolubility and high thermal stability