408 research outputs found
Hector, a fast simulator for the transport of particles in beamlines
Computing the trajectories of particles in generic beamlines is an important
ingredient of experimental particle physics, in particular regarding near-beam
detectors. A new tool, Hector, has been built for such calculations, using the
transfer matrix approach and energy corrections. The limiting aperture effects
are also taken into account. As an illustration, the tool was used to simulate
the LHC beamlines, in particular around the high luminosity interaction points
(IPs), and validated with results of the Mad-X simulator. The LHC beam
profiles, trajectories and beta functions are presented. Assuming certain
forward proton detector scenarios around the IP5, acceptance plots, irradiation
doses and chromaticity grids are produced. Furthermore, the reconstruction of
proton kinematic variables at the IP (energy and angle) is studied as well as
the impact of the misalignment of beamline elements.Comment: 40 pages, 20 figures; added references, corrected typos ; submitted
to JINS
High energy photon interactions at the LHC
Experimental prospects for studying high-energy photon-photon and
photon-proton interactions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are
discussed. Cross sections are calculated for many electroweak and beyond the
Standard Model processes. Selection strategies based on photon interaction
tagging techniques are studied. Assuming a typical LHC multipurpose detector,
various signals and their irreducible backgrounds are presented after applying
acceptance cuts. Prospects are discussed for the Higgs boson search, detection
of supersymmetric particles and of anomalous quartic gauge couplings, as well
as for the top quark physics.Comment: 17 pages, 16 tables and 14 figure
Intermittent dislocation flow in viscoplastic deformation
The viscoplastic deformation (creep) of crystalline materials under constant
stress involves the motion of a large number of interacting dislocations.
Analytical methods and sophisticated `dislocation-dynamics' simulations have
proved very effective in the study of dislocation patterning, and have led to
macroscopic constitutive laws of plastic deformation. Yet, a statistical
analysis of the dynamics of an assembly of interacting dislocations has not
hitherto been performed. Here we report acoustic emission measurements on
stressed ice single crystals, the results of which indicate that dislocations
move in a scale-free intermittent fashion. This result is confirmed by
numerical simulations of a model of interacting dislocations that successfully
reproduces the main features of the experiment. We find that dislocations
generate a slowly evolving configuration landscape which coexists with rapid
collective rearrangements. These rearrangements involve a comparatively small
fraction of the dislocations and lead to an intermittent behavior of the net
plastic response. This basic dynamical picture appears to be a generic feature
in the deformation of many other materials. Moreover, it should provide a
framework for discussing fundamental aspects of plasticity, that goes beyond
standard mean-field approaches that see plastic deformation as a smooth laminar
flow
Assessment of panobacumab as adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia.
The fully human anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody panobacumab was developed as an adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of O11 serotype Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. We evaluated the potential clinical efficacy of panobacumab in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter phase IIa trial (NCT00851435) designed to prospectively evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of panobacumab. Patients treated with panobacumab (nâ=â17), including 13 patients receiving the full treatment (three doses of 1.2Â mg/kg), were compared to 14 patients who did not receive the antibody. Overall, the 17 patients receiving panobacumab were more ill. They were an average of 72Â years old [interquartile range (IQR): 64-79] versus an average of 50Â years old (IQR: 30-73) (pâ=â0.024) and had Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores of 17 (IQR: 16-22) versus 15 (IQR: 10-19) (pâ=â0.043). Adjunctive immunotherapy resulted in an improved clinical outcome in the group receiving the full three-course panobacumab treatment, with a resolution rate of 85Â % (11/13) versus 64Â % (9/14) (pâ=â0.048). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed a statistically significantly shorter time to clinical resolution in this group of patients (8.0 [IQR: 7.0-11.5] versus 18.5 [IQR: 8-30] days in those who did not receive the antibody; pâ=â0.004). Panobacumab adjunctive immunotherapy may improve clinical outcome in a shorter time if patients receive the full treatment (three doses). These preliminary results suggest that passive immunotherapy targeting LPS may be a complementary strategy for the treatment of nosocomial O11 P. aeruginosa pneumonia
Frequency Dependence of Fatigue Life and Internal Heating of a Fiber-Reinforced/Ceramic-Matrix Composite
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65943/1/j.1151-2916.1994.tb04587.x.pd
THE TOOLS AND MONTE CARLO WORKING GROUP Summary Report from the Les Houches 2009 Workshop on TeV Colliders
This is the summary and introduction to the proceedings contributions for the
Les Houches 2009 "Tools and Monte Carlo" working group.Comment: 144 Pages. Workshop site
http://wwwlapp.in2p3.fr/conferences/LesHouches/Houches2009/ . Conveners were
Butterworth, Maltoni, Moortgat, Richardson, Schumann and Skand
Assessment of panobacumab as adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia
The fully human anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody panobacumab was developed as an adjunctive immunotherapy for the treatment of O11 serotype Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. We evaluated the potential clinical efficacy of panobacumab in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter phase IIa trial (NCT00851435) designed to prospectively evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of panobacumab. Patients treated with panobacumab (nâ=â17), including 13 patients receiving the full treatment (three doses of 1.2mg/kg), were compared to 14 patients who did not receive the antibody. Overall, the 17 patients receiving panobacumab were more ill. They were an average of 72years old [interquartile range (IQR): 64-79] versus an average of 50years old (IQR: 30-73) (pâ=â0.024) and had Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores of 17 (IQR: 16-22) versus 15 (IQR: 10-19) (pâ=â0.043). Adjunctive immunotherapy resulted in an improved clinical outcome in the group receiving the full three-course panobacumab treatment, with a resolution rate of 85% (11/13) versus 64% (9/14) (pâ=â0.048). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed a statistically significantly shorter time to clinical resolution in this group of patients (8.0 [IQR: 7.0-11.5] versus 18.5 [IQR: 8-30] days in those who did not receive the antibody; pâ=â0.004). Panobacumab adjunctive immunotherapy may improve clinical outcome in a shorter time if patients receive the full treatment (three doses). These preliminary results suggest that passive immunotherapy targeting LPS may be a complementary strategy for the treatment of nosocomial O11 P. aeruginosa pneumonia
Molecular complexity determines the number of olfactory notes and the pleasantness of smells
One major unresolved problem in olfaction research is to relate the percept to the molecular structure of stimuli. The present study examined this issue and showed for the first time a quantitative structure-odor relationship in which the more structurally complex a monomolecular odorant, the more numerous the olfactory notes it evokes. Low-complexity odorants were also rated as more aversive, reflecting the fact that low molecular complexity may serve as a warning cue for the olfactory system. Taken together, these findings suggest that molecular complexity provides a framework to explain the subjective experience of smells
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