Reservas naturais e desenvolvimento regional sustentável: o exemplo do parque nacional da Floresta da Baviera na Alemanha (“Bayerischer Wald”)

This paper focuses on some conceptional, practical and theoretical reflections on sustainable regional development in the context of extensive protected areas. It will be shown that in the course of the global debate on sustainability, protected areas with an integrative character are getting more and more significant. Three different categories of protected areas exist in Germany: natural parks, biosphere reserves and national parks. Transfrontier protected areas are the strength of Europe. The latest scientific discourse shows that in place of an unsophisticated way of thinking about ecology, a new kind of thinking trying to overcome the dichotomy of nature and culture is more and more attracting the notice. This change of perception has a deep impact on a purely nature-oriented sustainability, which especially applies to national parks in Germany. On the basis of an empirical study of the Bavarian Forest National Park, the opportunities and limits of integrative development strategies are identified by opposing the different interests of the affected actors and their contrary logic of economy and protection. It will be pointed out that the diverse perceptions of the actors are deeply constructivist and generate profound areas of conflict. These arising conflicts can just be minimised by an equal dialogue to solve the divergent interests. By elaborating the thesis of a “blocked change”, a socio-critical perspective is drawn on this blockade.Este artigo faz uma observação conceitual, prática e teórica, do desenvolvimento regional sustentável no contexto de reservas naturais. Dentro do debate internacional sobre a sustentabilidade, percebemos que as reservas naturais com caráter integrativo têm ganho um papel cada vez mais importante. Na Alemanha, existem três categorias diferentes, sendo elas parque natural, reserva de biosfera e parque nacional. O ponto forte da Europa são suas áreas protegidas. Os últimos debates científicos demonstram como, neste processo, pensar “dentro e com o mundo” vem ocupando mais e mais o lugar da reflexão ecológica. Isto influencia na formulação de uma sustentabilidade estritamente focada na natureza, que se aplica especialmente aos parques nacionais da Alemanha. Através de um estudo empírico sobre o parque nacional Floresta da Baviera são demonstradas as possibilidades e os limites das estratégias de desenvolvimento integrativo para os parques nacionais, contrapondo os diversos interesses aos seus princípios contrários econômicos e de proteção. Perspectivas construtivistas geram muitas vezes conflitos e tensões, que só podem ser reduzidos através de um verdadeiro diálogo que integre os diversos interesses. Sob a tese da chamada “mudança bloqueada” irão ser reveladas as bases sociológicas deste bloqueio.

URBAN SELF-ORGANISATION IN DEPRIVED NEIGHBORHOODS: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF AUTONOMOUS COLLECTIVE ARTICULATION IN SALVADOR DA BAHIA

From a comparative point of view, the given article is concerned with the possibilities and restrictions of urban self-organization within city’s neighbourhoods. Drawing upon a qualitative comparison between the case studies Alto de Ondina and Alto da Sereia – two disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods in the southern city centre of Salvador da Bahia (Brazil) – and considering the conditional framework of daily life there, the idiographic context conditions that foster and alternatively impede self-organization are to be developed on data drawn from empirical surveys. Here, the data-led interpretations reach beyond the local and regional context and offer fundamental insights into auto-centered and autonomous acts of articulation. In Brazil, participative planning processes have been the common sense for urban governance. However, participative strategies tend to stand under the sign of codetermination, whereas the principles of self-determination and auto-centered articulation of collective interests are immantently present during processes of civic self-organization. Due to the fact that self-organized communities do not fall within a defined institutional framework or existing system, they are capable to articulate their needs and interests collectively. The underlying concept of “Agora Governance” in accordance with Korff & Rothfuss (2009) offers the possibility to stimulate urban management processes in a sustainable way, bringing together the civic perspective of the “human city” and the expert perspective of the “infrastructural city” into a consensual but often highly disputed negotiation process

URBAN SELF-ORGANISATION IN DEPRIVED NEIGHBORHOODS: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF AUTONOMOUS COLLECTIVE ARTICULATION IN SALVADOR DA BAHIA

From a comparative point of view, the given article is concerned with the possibilities and restrictions of urban self-organization within city’s neighbourhoods. Drawing upon a qualitative comparison between the case studies Alto de Ondina and Alto da Sereia – two disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods in the southern city centre of Salvador da Bahia (Brazil) – and considering the conditional framework of daily life there, the idiographic context conditions that foster and alternatively impede self-organization are to be developed on data drawn from empirical surveys. Here, the data-led interpretations reach beyond the local and regional context and offer fundamental insights into auto-centered and autonomous acts of articulation. In Brazil, participative planning processes have been the common sense for urban governance. However, participative strategies tend to stand under the sign of codetermination, whereas the principles of self-determination and auto-centered articulation of collective interests are immantently present during processes of civic self-organization. Due to the fact that self-organized communities do not fall within a defined institutional framework or existing system, they are capable to articulate their needs and interests collectively. The underlying concept of “Agora Governance” in accordance with Korff & Rothfuss (2009) offers the possibility to stimulate urban management processes in a sustainable way, bringing together the civic perspective of the “human city” and the expert perspective of the “infrastructural city” into a consensual but often highly disputed negotiation process

Tauchgänge zur German Theory

In this editorial, we sketch the intellectual agenda for a themed issue on German Theory. We understand German Theory as a creative and dialogical space to engage a multitude of thought styles, common in the Geisteswissenschaften and to bring them into conversations with anglophone, as much as francophone, lusophone, Italian, Spanish and other forms of Theory. This agenda promotes a ‚provincialization‘ of anglophone Geography that is connecting these thought styles rather than confining them to bounded provinces in debate. „German Theory“, thus understood, is ultimately an entangled theory

Deficiency of FANCD2-associated nuclease KIAA1018/FAN1 sensitizes cells to interstrand crosslinking agents

Cytotoxicity of cisplatin and mitomycin C (MMC) is ascribed largely to their ability to generate interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) in DNA, which block the progression of replication forks. The processing of ICLs requires the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, excision repair, and translesion DNA synthesis (TLS). It also requires homologous recombination (HR), which repairs double-strand breaks (DSBs) generated by cleavage of the blocked replication forks. Here we describe KIAA1018, an evolutionarily conserved protein that has an N-terminal ubiquitin-binding zinc finger (UBZ) and a C-terminal nuclease domain. KIAA1018 is a 5'-->3' exonuclease and a structure-specific endonuclease that preferentially incises 5' flaps. Like cells from FA patients, human cells depleted of KIAA1018 are sensitized to ICL-inducing agents and display chromosomal instability. The link of KIAA1018 to the FA pathway is further strengthened by its recruitment to DNA damage through interaction of its UBZ domain with monoubiquitylated FANCD2. We therefore propose to name KIAA1018 FANCD2-associated nuclease, FAN1