422 research outputs found
âItâs Important, but itâs Not Everythingâ: Practitionersâ Use, Analysis and Perceptions of Fitness Testing in Academy Rugby League
A plethora of research exists examining the physical qualities of rugby league players. However, no research has investigated practitionersâ insights into the use, analysis and perceptions of such fitness testing data that is vital for applying research into practice. Therefore, this study aimed to examine practitionersâ (coaches and strength & conditioning [S&C] coaches) perceptions and challenges of using fitness testing and the development of physical qualities. Twenty-four rugby league practitioners were purposefully sampled and completed a semi-structured interview. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed identifying five themes (itâs important, but itâs not everything; monitoring; evaluation and decision making; motivation; and other external challenges). The theme of âitâs important, but itâs not everythingâ emerged as a fundamental issue with regard fitness testing and the use of such data and that physical data alone does not inform coaches decisions. There appears conflicts between coaches and S&C coachesâ perceptions and use of fitness data, identifying complexities of supporting players in multidisciplinary teams. Collectively, the findings highlight the multifaceted nature of academy rugby league and suggest that practitioners should utilise fitness testing to inform player evaluations, positively influence training and assist with decision making. Moreover, practitioners should understand the combination of factors that influence fitness testing and work collaboratively to enhance talent development strategies
Correction: What is the qualitative evidence concerning the risks, diagnosis, management and consequences of gastrointestinal infections in the community in the United Kingdom? A systematic review and meta-ethnography
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227630.]
The knowledge, attitudes and preparedness of Australian paramedics to manage intimate partner violence patients â a pilot study
Introduction:Australian ambulance services are currently attempting to improve their capacity to respond to intimate partner violence(IPV) patients, which is a significant contributing factor to the morbidity and mortality of women. Leading healthorganisations have called for increased training for frontline health care workers, however there is a paucity of literatureon the current preparedness of Australian paramedics. A description of the preparedness of Australian paramedics tomanage IPV patients has the potential to inform curricula and practice development.Methods:We surveyed a cohort of qualified Australian paramedics using the modified Physician Readiness to Manage IntimatePartner Violence Survey.Results:We received 28 completed surveys (16.5% response rate), that revealed most respondents (89.3%) believed they hadencountered IPV patients while working as a paramedic, yet only one participant reported comprehensive education ortraining on the management of such patients. Participants reported low knowledge and preparedness to manage IPVpatients. Participant attitudes were poor for self-efficacy, confidence and preparation, and generally neutral for itemsregarding attitudes toward women and IPV patients.Conclusions:This study adds to mounting evidence that paramedics frequently encounter IPV patients, have insufficient educationand training, and are not prepared to manage such patients. While the results of this study should be interpreted withcaution due to a low response rate and small sample, it appears that Australian paramedics would benefit from targetededucational packages that provide the necessary knowledge to recognise and refer patients, modify inappropriate orinsufficient attitudes, and prepare paramedics to effectively manage IPV patients
Linking pathogens, people and places: Using geo-ethnography to understand place-based, socio-economic inequalities in gastrointestinal infections in the UK
This ethnographic study in two socio-economically contrasting areas employed geo-ethnography, underpinned by a relational approach, to understand inequalities in gastrointestinal infections in families with young children. In our ârelatively disadvantagedâ area, gastrointestinal infections spread to multiple households within a small radius, whereas in our ârelatively advantagedâ area, illness was confined to one household or dispersed long distances. These differences were shaped by historical, social and economic contrasts in: housing; social networks and childcare arrangements; employment and household income. Our findings show how linking places, pathogens and people helps us understand inequalities in gastrointestinal infections and may be pertinent to other infectious diseases such as COVID-19
Child Psychosocial Adjustment and Parenting in Families Affected by Maternal HIV/AIDS
Child adjustment and parenting were examined in 23 9-through 16-year-old youth from families affected by maternal HIV infection and 20 same-age peers whose mothers were not infected. Children whose mothers were seropositive reported significantly more externalizing problems. Infected mothers reported less age-appropriate supervision/monitoring relative to non-infected mothers. Better mother-child relationship quality and less impairment in parental supervision/monitoring of age-appropriate youth behaviors were associated with fewer externalizing difficulties among the HIV-positive group only. Similarly, only among HIV-infected mothers was refraining from engaging in inconsistent disciplinary tactics associated with lower reports of internalizing and externalizing problems. These data highlight the promise of programs targeting parenting skills to prevent or ameliorate child difficulties
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Naming names: Perceptions of name-based HIV reporting, partner notification, and criminalization of non-disclosure among persons living with HIV
Policies of name-based HIV reporting, partner notification (PN), and criminalization of non-disclosure of HIV positive status to sexual partners remain controversial. The views of people living with HIV (PLH) are critical to the success of these three initiatives, but have been understudied. Thus, we interviewed 76 PLH about these policies. Themes arose of potential public health benefits (e.g., epidemiological surveillance and notification of possible exposure) and costs (e.g., deterrence of testing); threats to privacy, civil rights and relationships; government mistrust; and beliefs that prevention is an individual, not governmental responsibility. Misperceptions about the intent, content and scope of these policies, and past experiences of discrimination, shaped these attitudes. To enhance development and implementation of HIV prevention strategies, the views of PLH must be taken into account, and education campaigns need to address misperceptions and mistrust. These data shed light on difficulties in developing and implementing policies that may affect sexual behavior, and have critical implications for future research
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