290 research outputs found
AccPbFRET: An ImageJ plugin for semi-automatic, fully corrected analysis of acceptor photobleaching FRET images
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The acceptor photobleaching fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) method is widely used for monitoring molecular interactions in cells. This method of FRET, while among those with the simplest mathematics, is robust, self-controlled and independent of fluorophore amounts and ratios.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>AccPbFRET is a user-friendly, efficient ImageJ plugin which allows fully corrected, pixel-wise calculation and detailed, ROI (region of interest)-based analysis of FRET efficiencies in microscopic images. Furthermore, automatic registration and semi-automatic analysis of large image sets is provided, which are not available in any existing FRET evaluation software.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Despite of the widespread applicability of the acceptor photobleaching FRET technique, this is the first paper where all possible sources of major errors of the measurement and analysis are considered, and AccPbFRET is the only program which provides the complete suite of corrections – for registering image pairs, for unwanted photobleaching of the donor, for cross-talk of the acceptor and/or its photoproduct to the donor channel and for partial photobleaching of the acceptor. The program efficiently speeds up the analysis of large image sets even for novice users and is freely available.</p
Tanulási Ă©nhatĂ©konyság mint a szándĂ©kos önszabályozást támogatĂł pozitĂv stratĂ©gia
According to a universal approach, self-efficacy can be defined as a set of personal, emotional and social skills that affect our coping skills to cope with the demands of the social environment and thus achieve success in academic and general life situations (Bandura, 2001). However, today’s students face a number of learning challenges due, among other things, to the new learning demands placed on the education system by both student society and parents, and the low levels of self-efficacy and underachievement of students in school may be a cause for increased concern. In order to face these academic challenges effectively, students need to develop behaviours and attitudes that enable them to cope effectively with the challenges that come their way and to develop habits of perseverance in the face of complex challenges. Self-efficacy can be seen as an important unit for improving academic performance and coping with life’s difficulties (Yunus and Suraya, 2017).Egy univerzális megközelĂtĂ©s szerint az önhatĂ©konyság fogalomrendszerĂ©t Ăşgy definiálhatjuk, mint azon szemĂ©lyes, Ă©rzelmi Ă©s szociális kĂ©szsĂ©gek összessĂ©ge, amelyek hatással vannak azokra a megkĂĽzdĂ©si kĂ©pessĂ©geinkre, amelyek segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel meg tudunk birkĂłzni a társadalmi környezet követelmĂ©nyrendszerĂ©vel, Ă©s ezáltal sikereket tudunk elĂ©rni a tanulmányi, valamint az általános Ă©letszĂntereinken (Bandura, 2001). Napjainkban azonban a tanulĂłknak számos tanulmányi kihĂvással kell szembenĂ©zniĂĽk, köszönhetĹ‘ ez többek között azoknak az Ăşj tanulási igĂ©nyeknek, amelyeket egyrĂ©szt a diáktársadalom, másrĂ©szt a szĂĽlĹ‘k támasztanak az oktatási rendszerrel szemben, ezĂ©rt a tanulĂłk alacsony Ă©nhatĂ©konysági szintje, valamint iskolai alulteljesĂtĂ©se fokozott aggodalomra adhat okot. Ahhoz, hogy ezekkel a tanulmányi kihĂvásokkal hatĂ©konyan szembenĂ©zhessenek, a tanulĂłknak olyan magatartásformákat Ă©s attitűdöket kell kialakĂtaniuk, amelyek lehetĹ‘vĂ© teszik számukra, hogy az Ăştjukba kerĂĽlĹ‘ megprĂłbáltatásokat eredmĂ©nyesen teljesĂteni tudják, Ă©s hogy a komplikált kihĂvásokkal szemben kitartást tanĂşsĂtĂł szokásokat alakĂtsanak ki. Az önhatĂ©konyságot a tanulmányi teljesĂtmĂ©ny javĂtásának Ă©s az Ă©letben jelentkezĹ‘ nehĂ©zsĂ©gekkel valĂł megbirkĂłzás fontos egysĂ©gĂ©nek tekinthetjĂĽk (Yunus Ă©s Suraya, 2017)
A tesztszorongás hatása az iskolai teljesĂtmĂ©nyre
From the very first day of school, students are constantly faced with challenges that can be stressful, often causing anxiety for some students, and this can affect their performance at school. At the beginning of schooling, a sense of achievement and competence becomes paramount, and during this sensitive period, fear of being undervalued may provide a basis for the development of anxiety (Erikson, 1991, 1995; Cole Ă©s Cole, 2006) Inappropriate study habits, poor performance on previous tests, and underlying forms of anxiety stemming from the individual’s personality can all contribute to the experience of test anxiety in performance situations.A diákok az iskolába lĂ©pĂ©s elsĹ‘ napjátĂłl kezdve folyamatosan kihĂvásokkal nĂ©znek szembe, ezek akár stresszkeltĹ‘ hatásĂşak is lehetnek, számos esetben akár szorongást is kiválthatnak egyes tanulĂłknál, ez pedig befolyással van az iskolában nyĂşjtott teljesĂtmĂ©nyĂĽkre is. Iskoláskor kezdetĂ©n válik kiemelten fontossá a teljesĂtĂ©s Ă©s a kompetenciaĂ©rzĂ©s, ebben a szenzitĂv idĹ‘szakban a fĂ©lelem a csökkentĂ©rtĂ©kűsĂ©gtĹ‘l alapul szolgálhat a szorongás kialakulásához (Erikson, 1991, 1995; Cole Ă©s Cole, 2006). A nem megfelelĹ‘ tanulási szokások, a korábbi teszteken nyĂşjtott gyenge teljesĂtmĂ©ny Ă©s az egyĂ©n szemĂ©lyisĂ©gĂ©bĹ‘l fakadĂł mögöttes szorongásformák mind hozzájárulhatnak a teljesĂtmĂ©nyhelyzetekben jelentkezĹ‘ tesztszorongás átĂ©lĂ©sĂ©hez
A pedagógiai munkában megjelenő konstruktivista tanulásszemlélet és a tanulási eredményességet befolyásoló tanulási stratégiák párhuzama
A korunkra jellemzĹ‘ progresszĂv társadalmi változások megkövetelik a rugalmas tanulási kĂ©szsĂ©gek kialakĂtását, ezĂ©rt fontos, hogy az oktatási rendszer bármely szintjĂ©n tanulĂł diákok tisztában legyenek erĹ‘ssĂ©geikkel, gyengesĂ©geikkel, saját tanulási szokásaikkal, hiszen mindez hozzájárulhat az iskolai sikeressĂ©gĂĽkhöz. A hatĂ©kony tanulás alapfeltĂ©tele a szĂĽksĂ©ges alapkĂ©szsĂ©gek fejlettsĂ©ge, a helyes tanulási szokások kialakĂtása, valamint a konkrĂ©t tanulási technikák Ă©s mĂłdszerek, amelyek a mindennapi tanulási tevĂ©kenysĂ©g során működnek (Oroszlány, 1996). A nem megfelelĹ‘ tanulás (nem hatĂ©kony tanulási szokások, stratĂ©giák használata) bizonyĂtottan egyĂĽtt jár a tanulmányi eredmĂ©nyek romlásával (HabĂłk, 2004). DöntĹ‘en fontos tehát, hogy a mindennapi pedagĂłgiai munka során találkozzanak a diákok azzal a jĂł magyarázĂł erejű, az oktatásban hatĂ©konyan alkalmazhatĂł konstruktivista paradigmával, amelyben összpontosulnak a fejlĹ‘dĂ©slĂ©lektani, a kognitĂv pszicholĂłgiai, a szociolĂłgiai, valamint a reformpedagĂłgia alapelvek egyaránt
A tesztszorongás hatása az iskolai teljesĂtmĂ©nyre
A diákok az iskolába lĂ©pĂ©s elsĹ‘ napjátĂłl kezdve folyamatosan kihĂvásokkal nĂ©znek szembe, ezek akár stresszkeltĹ‘ hatásĂşak is lehetnek, számos esetben akár szorongást is kiválthatnak egyes tanulĂłknál, ez pedig befolyással van az iskolában nyĂşjtott teljesĂtmĂ©nyĂĽkre is. Iskoláskor kezdetĂ©n válik kiemelten fontossá a teljesĂtĂ©s Ă©s a kompetenciaĂ©rzĂ©s, ebben a szenzitĂv idĹ‘szakban a fĂ©lelem a csökkentĂ©rtĂ©kűsĂ©gtĹ‘l alapul szolgálhat a szorongás kialakulásához (Erikson, 1991, 1995; Cole Ă©s Cole, 2006). A nem megfelelĹ‘ tanulási szokások, a korábbi teszteken nyĂşjtott gyenge teljesĂtmĂ©ny Ă©s az egyĂ©n szemĂ©lyisĂ©gĂ©bĹ‘l fakadĂł mögöttes szorongásformák mind hozzájárulhatnak a teljesĂtmĂ©nyhelyzetekben jelentkezĹ‘ tesztszorongás átĂ©lĂ©sĂ©hez
A CRĂŤTICA DE KURT TUCHOLSKY E O INĂŤCIO DA REPĂšBLICA DE WEIMAR (1919-1920).
ABSTRACT: This article aims to present the division of the literary criticism by Kurt Tucholsky (1890-1935) in three phases: the first´s about the aesthetic discussions related to the construction of the literary discourse; the second regards the reading of the literary works during 1914-1918, approaching, like Leitmotiv, to the First World War and posterior moments, without abandoning their character as work of art; the third´s based on criticism of works (referring to the Balic period), in which are discussed some aspects of the constitution of the German State and the New Politic Order settled in November 1918, reflecting the War effects
Quantitative High-Throughput Single-Cell Cytotoxicity Assay for T cells
Cancer immunotherapy can harness the specificity of immune response to target and eliminate tumors. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) based on the adoptive transfer of T cells genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) has shown considerable promise in clinical trials1-4. There are several advantages to using CAR+ T cells for the treatment of cancers including the ability to target non-MHC restricted antigens and to functionalize the T cells for optimal survival, homing and persistence within the host; and finally to induce apoptosis of CAR+ T cells in the event of host toxicity5. Delineating the optimal functions of CAR+ T cells associated with clinical benefit is essential for designing the next generation of clinical trials. Recent advances in live animal imaging like multiphoton microscopy have revolutionized the study of immune cell function in vivo6,7. While these studies have advanced our understanding of T-cell functions in vivo, T-cell based ACT in clinical trials requires the need to link molecular and functional features of T-cell preparations pre-infusion with clinical efficacy post-infusion, by utilizing in vitro assays monitoring T-cell functions like, cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion. Standard flow-cytometry based assays have been developed that determine the overall functioning of populations of T cells at the single-cell level but these are not suitable for monitoring conjugate formation and lifetimes or the ability of the same cell to kill multiple targets8. Microfabricated arrays designed in biocompatible polymers like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are a particularly attractive method to spatially confine effectors and targets in small volumes9. In combination with automated time-lapse fluorescence microscopy, thousands of effector-target interactions can be monitored simultaneously by imaging individual wells of a nanowell array. We present here a high-throughput methodology for monitoring T-cell mediated cytotoxicity at the single-cell level that can be broadly applied to studying the cytolytic functionality of T cells
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