History states of systems and operators

We discuss some fundamental properties of discrete system-time history states. Such states arise for a quantum reference clock of finite dimension and lead to a unitary evolution of system states when satisfying a static discrete Wheeler-DeWitt-type equation. We consider the general case where system-clock pairs can interact, analyzing first their different representations and showing there is always a special clock basis for which the evolution for a given initial state can be described by a constant Hamiltonian H. It is also shown, however, that when the evolution operators form a complete orthogonal set, the history state is maximally entangled for any initial state, as opposed to the case of a constant H, and can be generated through a simple double-clock setting. We then examine the quadratic system-time entanglement entropy, providing an analytic evaluation and showing it satisfies strict upper and lower bounds determined by the energy spread and the geodesic evolution connecting the initial and final states. We finally show that the unitary operator that generates the history state can itself be considered as an operator history state, whose quadratic entanglement entropy determines its entangling power. Simple measurements on the clock enable one to efficiently determine overlaps between system states and also evolution operators at any two times.Fil: Boette, Alan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Rossignoli, Raúl Dante. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Aspectos estadísticos de tratamientos autoconsistentes en sistemas cuánticos de muchos cuerpos

Las aproximaciones autoconsistentes de campo medio constituyen una de las más importantes herramientas teóricas para tratar el problema cuántico de muchos cuerpos, proporcionando una descripción y un punto de partida apropiados para desarrollos más complejos.\nDentro de este contexto, el objetivo de esta tesis es extender y analizar las teorías cuánticas de campo medio, tanto estáticas como dinámicas, en base a consideraciones de carácter estadístico, situándolas de este modo dentro de un marco más amplio y flexible que el usual.\nLa idea central que nos anima es la de basar la descripción de un sistema en un conjunto particular de observables, considerados relevantes para el fenómeno en estudio. Este modo de descripción es impulsado por la complejidad del problema cuántico de muchos cuerpos, y además, en ciertos casos por la necesidad de preservar solo la información significativa acerca del sistema.\nDe este modo, se enfoca la atención sobre un subconjunto de variables, descartando las muchas otras restantes por medio de un adecuado esquema aproximado. Las teorías usuales de campo medio constituyen aquel caso especial de nuestro tratamiento en el que el conjunto de observables relevantes se encuentra formado por operadores de un cuerpo.\nA tales efectos, se desarrolla un formalismo general apropiado que permite abordar este tipo de extensión. Se examinan en profundidad diversos tipos de situaciones específicas, abarcando situaciones de equilibrio (Cap. I-IV), como así también problemas dependientes del tiempo (Cap. V-VI).Doctor en Físic

Tratamientos canónicos de campo medio a temperatura finita

Se propone un método para realizar tratamientos canónicos de campo medio y de orden superior a temperatura finita. Se obtienen definidas mejoras sobre el tratamiento usual (gran canónico) de Hartrce - Fock térmico.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Generalized nonadditive entropies and quantum entanglement

We examine the inference of quantum density operators from incomplete information by means of the maximization of general nonadditive entropic forms. Extended thermodynamic relations are given. When applied to a bipartite spin 1/2 system, the formalism allows one to avoid fake entanglement for data based on the Bell-Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt observable, and, in general, on any set of Bell constraints. Particular results obtained with the Tsallis entropy and with an introduced exponential entropic form are also discussed.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Entanglement between distant qubits in cyclic XX chains

We evaluate the exact concurrence between any two spins in a cyclic XX chain of n spins placed in a uniform transverse magnetic field, at both zero and finite temperature, by means of the Jordan-Wigner transformation plus a number-parity-projected statistics. It is shown that, while at T = 0 there is always entanglement between any two spins in a narrow field interval before the transition to the aligned state, at low but nonzero temperatures the entanglement remains nonzero for arbitrarily high fields, for any pair separation L, although its magnitude decreases exponentially with increasing field. It is also demonstrated that the associated limit temperatures approach a constant nonzero value in this limit, which decreases as L⁻² for L ⪡ n , but exhibit special finite-size effects for distant qubits (L ≈ n ∕ 2) . Related aspects such as the different behavior of even and odd antiferromagnetic chains, the existence of n ground-state transitions, and the thermodynamic limit n → ∞ are also discussed.Instituto de Física La Plat

Complex modes in unstable quadratic bosonic forms

We discuss the necessity of using nonstandard boson operators for diagonalizing quadratic bosonic forms which are not positive definite and its convenience for describing the temporal evolution of the system. Such operators correspond to non-Hermitian coordinates and momenta and are associated with complex frequencies. As application, we examine a bosonic version of a BCS-like pairing Hamiltonian, which, in contrast with the fermionic case, is stable just for limited values of the gap parameter and requires the use of the present extended treatment for a general diagonal representation. The dynamical stability of such forms and the occurrence of nondiagonalizable cases are also discussed.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Bipartite entanglement in fermion systems

We discuss the relation between fermion entanglement and bipartite entanglement. We first show that an exact correspondence between them arises when the states are constrained to have a definite local number parity. Moreover, for arbitrary states in a four dimensional single-particle Hilbert space, the fermion entanglement is shown to measure the entanglement between two distinguishable qubits defined by a suitable partition of this space. Such entanglement can be used as a resource for tasks like quantum teleportation. On the other hand, this fermionic entanglement provides a lower bound to the entanglement of an arbitrary bipartition although in this case the local states involved will generally have different number parities. Finally the fermionic implementation of the teleportation and superdense coding protocols based on qubits with odd and even number parity is discussed, together with the role of the previous types of entanglement.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Separability conditions and limit temperatures for entanglement detection in two-qubit Heisenberg XYZ models

We examine the entanglement of general mixed states of a two-qubit Heisenberg XYZ chain in the presence of a magnetic field, and its detection by means of different criteria. Both the exact separability conditions and the weaker conditions implied by the disorder and the von Neumann entropic criteria are analyzed. The ensuing limit temperatures for entanglement in thermal states of different XYZ models are then examined and compared with the limit temperature of the symmetry-breaking solution in a mean-field-type approximation. The latter, though generally lower, can also be higher than the exact limit temperature for entanglement in certain cases, indicating that symmetry breaking does not necessarily entail entanglement. The reentry of entanglement for increasing temperatures is also discussed.Instituto de Física La Plat

One-body information loss in fermion systems

We propose an entropic measure of nonclassical correlations in general mixed states of fermion systems, based on the loss of information due to the unread measurement of the occupancy of single-particle states of a given basis. When minimized over all possible single-particle bases, the measure reduces to an entanglement entropy for pure states and vanishes only for states which are diagonal in a Slater determinant basis. The approach is also suitable for states having definite number parity yet not necessarily a fixed particle number, in which case the minimization can be extended to all bases related through a Bogoliubov transformation if quasiparticle mode measurements are also considered. General stationary conditions for determining the optimizing basis are derived. For a mixture of a general pure state with the maximally mixed state, a general analytic evaluation of the present measure and optimizing basis is provided, which shows that nonentangled mixed states may nonetheless exhibit a nonzero information loss.Fil: Gigena, Nicolás Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Rossignoli, Raúl Dante. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Violation of majorization relations in entangled states and its detection by means of generalized entropic forms

We examine the violation of the majorization relations between the eigenvalues of the full and reduced density operators of entangled states of composite systems and its detection using generalized entropic forms based on arbitrary concave functions. It is shown that the violation of these relations may not always be detected by the conditional von Neumann and Tsallis entropies (for any q > 0). Families of smooth entropic forms which are always able to detect such violations are, however, provided. These features are then examined for particular sets of mixed states in a two-qudit system, which for d ≥ 3 may exhibit different types of violation of the majorization relations. Comparison with the Peres criterion for separability is also shown.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta