Extra-virgin olive oil phenols block cell cycle progression and modulate chemotherapeutic toxicity in bladder cancer cells

Epidemiological data indicate that the daily consumption of extra‑virgin olive oil (EVOO), a common dietary habit of the Mediterranean area, lowers the incidence of certain types of cancer, in particular bladder neoplasm. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of polyphenols extracted from EVOO on bladder cancer (BCa), and to clarify the biological mechanisms that trigger cell death. Furthermore, we also evaluated the ability of low doses of extra‑virgin olive oil extract (EVOOE) to modulate the in vitro activity of paclitaxel or mitomycin, two antineoplastic drugs used in the management of different types of cancer. Our results showed that EVOOE significantly inhibited the proliferation and clonogenic ability of T24 and 5637 BCa cells in a dose‑dependent manner. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis after EVOOE treatment showed a marked growth arrest prior to mitosis in the G2/M phase for both cell lines, with the subsequent induction of apoptosis only in the T24 cells. Notably, simultaneous treatment of mitomycin C and EVOOE reduced the drug cytotoxicity due to inhibition of ROS production. Conversely, the co‑treatment of T24 cells with paclitaxel and the polyphenol extract strongly increased the apoptotic cell death at each tested concentration compared to paclitaxel alone. Our results support the epidemiological evidence indicating that olive oil consumption exerts health benefits and may represent a starting point for the development of new anticancer strategies

Genetic structure of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, in the Central Mediterranean Sea

Abstract The gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, represents an important economic resource for Mediterranean aquaculture. In spite of its wide geographic distribution and economic importance, only recently studies have been carried out on the genetic composition of natural populations, which have revealed a picture of a heterogeneous degree of genetic differentiation among S. aurata populations. In this study an allozyme analysis of samples from six different collecting sites along the Italian and Croatian coasts was carried out, covering an area in the Central Mediterranean sea that has yet to be investigated through gene-enzyme systems. Data on 26 gene loci, 10 of which are polymorphic, indicate a slight but significant genetic structure (FST = 0.0167) of the species. A hierarchical analysis of population subdivision made it possible to identify three different assemblages found in the Adriatic Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea and Sardinian Channel, though an isolation by distance model can be rejected. The results are discussed in the light of previous literature and taking conservation into consideration

Avaliação da composição corporal de atletas do sexo feminino do projeto São Paulo Olímpico da Federação Paulista de Karatê

Olympic combat sports (ECO) include Boxing, Judo, Taekwondo, Wrestling and currently Karate, included in the 2020 Olympics in Japan. The purpose of this field investigation is to record the body composition of high level competitive female athletes of karate, to fill a gap in the knowledge of this Olympic sport. Twenty-four high level athletes of the Federação Paulista de Karatê (FPK) of the Projeto São Paulo Olímpico were evaluated through a double indirect methodology to asses body composition. The athletes have body composition consistent with the competitive level evidenced by other studies with similar samples, however the number of studies in this subject is quite restricted. This research presents fundamental results for the recording and follow-up of a sample of female athletes of karate who can contribute to the design of performance strategies.Os esportes de combate olímpicos (ECO) incluem o Boxe, Judô, Taekwondo, Wrestling e atualmente o Karatê, incluso nas olimpíadas de 2020, no Japão. O objetivo desta investigação de campo é registrar a composição corporal de atletas do sexo feminino de alto nível competitivo de karatê, para preencher uma lacuna no conhecimento desta modalidade esportiva olímpica. Foram avaliadas 24 atletas de alto nível da Federação Paulista de Karatê (FPK) do Projeto São Paulo Olímpico através de metodologia duplamente indireta para avaliação da composição corporal. As atletas possuem composição corporal condizente com o nível competitivo evidenciado por outros estudos com amostras semelhantes, porém o número de estudos nesta temática é bastante restrito. Esta investigação apresenta resultados fundamentais para registro e acompanhamento de amostra de atletas do sexo feminino de karatê que poderão contribuir para o delineamento de estratégias de rendimento

Prenúncios da emancipação feminina: o despontar da nova mulher em De amor y de sombra e Uma varanda sobre o silêncio

IX Congresso Brasileiro de Hispanistas realizado nos dias 22 a 25 agosto 2016A preocupação relativa à temática feminina e às construções sociais dos papéis inerentes ao gênero feminino tem encontrado, nos tempos atuais, um merecido espaço de acolhida por parte dos estudiosos e dos pesquisadores da área, no intento de desconstruir o mito patriarcal, segundo o qual “o mundo sempre pertenceu aos machos” (BEAUVOIR, 2009). No presente estudo, analisaremos o comportamento feminino concernente aos avanços sociais e individuais em relação ao direito da mulher de encontrar um devido espaço de realização pessoal. Para tanto, tomaremos como base as personagens centrais dos romances De amor y de sombra e Uma varanda sobre o silêncio, escritos por Isabel Allende (1942) e Josué Montello (19172006), ambas no ano de 1984. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em revelar aos estudiosos da temática feminina que, dentre as principais realizações da mulher, nos tempos atuais, encontramos sentido também em realizála como pessoa e profissionalmente, e não apenas na maternidade e na procriação (SWAIN, 2007), os principais pilares da significação femininaUNILA­-UNIOEST

Cytogenetic studies in Sparus auratus

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Micro and Nanoplastics Identification: Classic Methods and Innovative Detection Techniques

Micro and nanoplastics are fragments with dimensions less than a millimeter invading all terrestrial and marine environments. They have become a major global environmental issue in recent decades and, indeed, recent scientific studies have highlighted the presence of these fragments all over the world even in environments that were thought to be unspoiled. Analysis of micro/nanoplastics in isolated samples from abiotic and biotic environmental matrices has become increasingly common. Hence, the need to find valid techniques to identify these micro and nano-sized particles. In this review, we discuss the current and potential identification methods used in microplastic analyses along with their advantages and limitations. We discuss the most suitable techniques currently available, from physical to chemical ones, as well as the challenges to enhance the existing methods and develop new ones. Microscopical techniques (i.e., dissect, polarized, fluorescence, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopy) are one of the most used identification methods for micro/nanoplastics, but they have the limitation to produce incomplete results in analyses of small particles. At present, the combination with chemical analysis (i.e., spectroscopy) overcome this limit together with recently introduced alternative approaches. For example, holographic imaging in microscope configuration images microplastics directly in unfiltered water, thus discriminating microplastics from diatoms and differentiates different sizes, shapes, and plastic types. The development of new analytical instruments coupled with each other or with conventional and innovative microscopy could solve the current problems in the identification of micro/nanoplastics

Suplementação e rendimento de atletas de karatê no primeiro campeonato oficial presencial pós pandemia pela covid-19

martial art, with inclusion in the Summer Olympic Games, there is a lack of information about the supplementation pattern of competitive athletes. Objective: To evaluate the consumption of dietary supplements of athletes participating in the first official face-to-face championship, to understand, clarify and guide possible inadequacies. Materials and Methods: 47 athletes participated by filling in anamnesis with anthropometry, weekly training pattern, championship awards, supplementary consumption, among others. For that, informed consent was requested, for later completion of an electronic form. Results: There was a higher percentage of athletes who do not use food supplements; among supplement users there is a predominance of females and, in addition to several supplements, the use of whey protein and creatine. There is an indication of a specific supplementary standard for each sex, but in general the prescribing source and objectives indicate risks of adverse effects due to lack of adequate professional guidance. Conclusion: Study with the novelty of collecting post-pandemic supplementary standard data from competitive athletes who concurrently won awards in the championship. However, these can have risks to health and income due to the lack of professional monitoring for supplementary consumption for incomeIntrodução: Apesar do Karatê ser uma arte marcial milenar, com inclusão nos Jogos Olímpicos de verão, há uma escassez de informações sobre o padrão de suplementação de atletas competitivos. Objetivo: Avaliar o consumo de suplementos alimentares de atletas participantes do primeiro campeonato presencial oficial, para entender, esclarecer e orientar possíveis inadequações. Materiais e Métodos: Participaram 47 atletas através do preenchimento de anamnese, com antropometria, padrão de treinamento semanal, premiação no campeonato, consumo suplementar entre outros. Para tanto foi requisitado o consentimento esclarecido, para posterior preenchimento de formulário eletrônico. Resultados: Constatou-se maior percentual de atletas que não utilizam suplementos alimentares; entre os usuários de suplementos há predominância do sexo feminino e além de diversos suplementos o uso de whey protein e creatina. Há indicação de um padrão suplementar específico para cada sexo, mas no geral a fonte prescritora e objetivos, indicam riscos de efeitos adversos pela não orientação profissional adequada. Conclusão: Estudo com ineditismo de coletar pós-pandemia dados de padrão suplementar de atletas competitivos que concomitantemente conquistaram premiações no campeonato. Porém, estes podem ter riscos à saúde e rendimento pela carência de acompanhamento profissional para consumo suplementar destinado ao rendimento