Poetic License: Learning Morality from Fiction in light of Imaginative Resistance

Imaginative resistance (IR) is rejecting a claim that is true within a fictional world. Accounts that describe IR hold that readers exit a fiction at points of resistance. But if resistance entails exiting a fiction, then learning morality from fiction doesn’t occur. But moral learning from fiction does occur; some such cases are instances of accepting a norm one first denied. I amend current solutions to IR with poetic license. The more poetic license granted a work, the more flexible one is regarding perceived falsehoods. Instead of exiting the fiction, one has the chance to stay engaged and possibly learn norms she previously denied

Evaluation Research and Institutional Pressures: Challenges in Public-Nonprofit Contracting

This article examines the connection between program evaluation research and decision-making by public managers. Drawing on neo-institutional theory, a framework is presented for diagnosing the pressures and conditions that lead alternatively toward or away the rational use of evaluation research. Three cases of public-nonprofit contracting for the delivery of major programs are presented to clarify the way coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures interfere with a sound connection being made between research and implementation. The article concludes by considering how public managers can respond to the isomorphic pressures in their environment that make it hard to act on data relating to program performance.This publication is Hauser Center Working Paper No. 23. The Hauser Center Working Paper Series was launched during the summer of 2000. The Series enables the Hauser Center to share with a broad audience important works-in-progress written by Hauser Center scholars and researchers

Policy Feedback and the Politics of the Affordable Care Act

There is a large body of literature devoted to how “policies create politics” and how feedback effects from existing policy legacies shape potential reforms in a particular area. Although much of this literature focuses on self‐reinforcing feedback effects that increase support for existing policies over time, Kent Weaver and his colleagues have recently drawn our attention to self‐undermining effects that can gradually weaken support for such policies. The following contribution explores both self‐reinforcing and self‐undermining policy feedback in relationship to the Affordable Care Act, the most important health‐care reform enacted in the United States since the mid‐1960s. More specifically, the paper draws on the concept of policy feedback to reflect on the political fate of the ACA since its adoption in 2010. We argue that, due in part to its sheer complexity and fragmentation, the ACA generates both self‐reinforcing and self‐undermining feedback effects that, depending of the aspect of the legislation at hand, can either facilitate or impede conservative retrenchment and restructuring. Simultaneously, through a discussion of partisan effects that shape Republican behavior in Congress, we acknowledge the limits of policy feedback in the explanation of policy stability and change

Relationship of antecedent stressful life events to childhood and family history of anxiety and the course of panic disorder

OBJETIVO: Os autores examinaram a freqüência de eventos vitais significativos (estressores) durante o ano que antecedeu o transtorno do pânico e sua relação com história de ansiedade na infância, história familiar de ansiedade, comorbidades e curso da doença. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: 223 pacientes foram acompanhados em um estudo naturalístico, longitudinal do transtorno do pânico. RESULTADOS: Apesar de 80% dos pacientes com transtorno do pânico referirem a presença de um fator estressor durante o ano anterior ao início da sua doença, sua freqüência é mais elevada em pacientes com história de ansiedade na infância e comorbidade com depressão na vida adulta. CONCLUSÕES: A presença de eventos vitais significativos não está associada com a presença de outros transtornos de ansiedade na vida adulta e nem com história familiar de ansiedade. Apesar de sua associação com história de ansiedade na infância e depressão, a presença de um fator estressor identificável não está associado a severidade ou ao curso do transtorno do pânico.OBJECTIVES: The authors examined the incidence of significant life events during the year prior to the onset of panic disorder and its relationship to childhood and family history of anxiety difficulties, comorbidity, and the course of illness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 223 panic patients were followed in a naturalistic study of panic disorder. RESULTS: Similar to previous reports, antecedent negative life events occurred in the majority (80%) of patients. Patients with a childhood history of anxiety and comorbid adulthood major depression were more likely to report an antecedent, stressful life event. CONCLUSIONS: Antecedent events were not linked with comorbid adulthood anxiety disorders or a family history of anxiety difficulties. Despite its associations with childhood anxiety pathology and adulthood major depression, the presence of an identifiable antecedent at the onset of panic disorder was not associated with the subsequent severity or course of the disorder

Relação entre eventos vitais e história de ansiedade na infância, história familiar de ansiedade e curso do transtorno do pânico

OBJECTIVES: The authors examined the incidence of significant life events during the year prior to the onset of panic disorder and its relationship to childhood and family history of anxiety difficulties, comorbidity, and the course of illness.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 223 panic patients were followed in a naturalistic study of panic disorder.RESULTS: Similar to previous reports, antecedent negative life events occurred in the majority (80%) of patients. Patients with a childhood history of anxiety and comorbid adulthood major depression were more likely to report an antecedent, stressful life event.CONCLUSIONS: Antecedent events were not linked with comorbid adulthood anxiety disorders or a family history of anxiety difficulties. Despite its associations with childhoodnxiety pathology and adulthood major depression, the presence of an identifiable antecedent at the onset of panic disorder was not associated with the subsequent severity or course of the disorder.OBJETIVO: Os autores examinaram a freqüência de eventos vitais significativos (estressores) durante o ano que antecedeu o transtorno do pânico e sua relação com história de ansiedade na infância, história familiar de ansiedade, comorbidades e curso da doença.MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: 223 pacientes foram acompanhados em um estudo naturalístico, longitudinal do transtorno do pânico.RESULTADOS: Apesar de 80% dos pacientes com transtorno do pânico referirem a presença de um fator estressor durante o ano anterior ao início da sua doença, sua freqüência é mais elevada em pacientes com história de ansiedade na infância e comorbidade com depressão na vida adulta.CONCLUSÕES: A presença de eventos vitais significativos não está associada com a presença de outros transtornos de ansiedade na vida adulta e nem com história familiar de ansiedade. Apesar de sua associação com história de ansiedade na infância e depressão, a presença de um fator estressor identificável não está associado a severidade ou ao curso do transtorno do pânico

Establishing Foundation Archives: A Reader and Guide to First Steps

This publication is an anthology of papers presented at a conference held at the Rockefeller Archive Center in January 1990, and sponsored by the Council on Foundations. This collaboration of the Archive Center and the Council provided a rare opponunity for foundations to learn both why preserving documents is imponant and how several foundations have approached finding a repository or setting up and managing an archives. Participants in the conference had the added privilege of conferring with experts and seeing an operating archive as they toured the Rockefeller Archive Center.Foundations are institutions that are shaping private initiatives for the public good, so documenting this aspect of American society falls uniquely under the stewardship of the organizations themselves. Foundation documents often provide the only surviving records of the important contributions of nonprofits and foundations to civic life. These records will help to inform future judgments and ensure that the history of the field is not lost. The publication of this volume was intended to make the information shared at the conference more widely available and to provide an entry point and a primer for foundations as they begin their records and archives journey

Exploring Action Dynamics as an Index of Paired-Associate Learning

Much evidence exists supporting a richer interaction between cognition and action than commonly assumed. Such findings demonstrate that short-timescale processes, such as motor execution, may relate in systematic ways to longer-timescale cognitive processes, such as learning. We further substantiate one direction of this interaction: the flow of cognition into action systems. Two experiments explored match-to-sample paired-associate learning, in which participants learned randomized pairs of unfamiliar symbols. During the experiments, their hand movements were continuously tracked using the Nintendo Wiimote. Across learning, participant arm movements are initiated and completed more quickly, exhibit lower fluctuation, and exert more perturbation on the Wiimote during the button press. A second experiment demonstrated that action dynamics index novel learning scenarios, and not simply acclimatization to the Wiimote interface. Results support a graded and systematic covariation between cognition and action, and recommend ways in which this theoretical perspective may contribute to applied learning contexts