1,994 research outputs found
Terrestrial-type planet formation: Comparing different types of initial conditions
To study the terrestrial-type planet formation during the post oligarchic
growth, the initial distributions of planetary embryos and planetesimals used
in N-body simulations play an important role. Most of these studies typically
use ad hoc initial distributions based on theoretical and numerical studies. We
analyze the formation of planetary systems without gas giants around solar-type
stars focusing on the sensitivity of the results to the particular initial
distributions of planetesimals and embryos. The formation of terrestrial
planets in the habitable zone (HZ) and their final water contents are topics of
interest. We developed two different sets of N-body simulations from the same
protoplanetary disk. The first set assumes ad hoc initial distributions for
embryos and planetesimals and the second set obtains these distributions from
the results of a semi-analytical model which simulates the evolution of the
gaseous phase of the disk. Both sets form planets in the HZ. Ad hoc initial
conditions form planets in the HZ with masses from to
. More realistic initial conditions obtained from a
semi-analytical model, form planets with masses between and
. Both sets form planets in the HZ with water contents between
4.5% and 39.48% by mass. Those planets with the highest water contents respect
to those with the lowest, present differences regarding the sources of water
supply. We suggest that the number of planets in the HZ is not sensitive to the
particular initial distribution of embryos and planetesimals and thus, the
results are globally similar between both sets. However, the main differences
are associated to the accretion history of the planets in the HZ. These
discrepancies have a direct impact in the accretion of water-rich material and
in the physical characteristics of the resulting planets.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 13 pages, 9
figure
Prison de-radicalization strategies, programs and risk assessment tools in Europe
open3noWith financial support from the Criminal Justice Programme of the European Union
Call: JUST-AG-2016-03
Project Number: 763710
Project Acronym: PRP
Duration (months): 24 Project
Title: European Prison Observatory. Prison de-radicalization strategies, programmes and risk assessment tools in Europe.
Coordinator: ANTIGONE ONLUS
Alvise Sbraccia wrote the Part One of this Report;
Daniela Ronco wrote Part Two, chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
Giovanni Torrente wrote Part Two, chapters 9-10.
The conclusions have been written by all the authorsThis project’s goal is to assess strategies and programmes which prevent, deter and counter radicalization in prison and identify and analyse good practices regarding new or existing de-radicalization, disengagement and rehabilitation programmes and risk assessment tools. The analysis has been carried out having in mind the international and European standards for the the protection of detainees' rights. Research incorporates qualitative and quantitative data analysis on official government documents and interviews with stakeholders from prison administration and management, prison staff, Imams, chaplains and other religious representatives.openDaniela Ronco, Alvise Sbraccia, Giovanni TorrenteDaniela Ronco, Alvise Sbraccia, Giovanni Torrent
Digital strategies for the valorisation of archival heritage
20th century pre-digital architectural archives are a current topic of interest for scholars involved in historical studies as well as those studying conservation, valorisation and communication. These vast archival heritages could be enhanced by the methodologies, techniques and tools offered by the digital revolution. The present proposal demonstrates this potential through the application of structure from motion techniques to a physical scale model that represents the Turin Horse Racing designed by Carlo Mollino. Moreover, the paper presents a comparison of different software, methodologies and modelling tools and suggests a design for virtual and on-site communication strategies. These strategies fuel new interrelations of knowledge and ideas, through which an archive can become a place of convergence between the real and the virtual
Chemical composition of Earth-like planets
Models of planet formation are mainly focused on the accretion and dynamical
processes of the planets, neglecting their chemical composition. In this work,
we calculate the condensation sequence of the different chemical elements for a
low-mass protoplanetary disk around a solar-type star. We incorporate this
sequence of chemical elements (refractory and volatile elements) in our
semi-analytical model of planet formation which calculates the formation of a
planetary system during its gaseous phase. The results of the semi-analytical
model (final distributions of embryos and planetesimals) are used as initial
conditions to develope N-body simulations that compute the post-oligarchic
formation of terrestrial-type planets. The results of our simulations show that
the chemical composition of the planets that remain in the habitable zone has
similar characteristics to the chemical composition of the Earth. However,
exist differences that can be associated to the dynamical environment in which
they were formed.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures - Accepted for publication in the Bolet\'in de la
Asociaci\'on Argentina de Astronom\'ia, vol.5
FIRE PLANNING OF URBAN-RURAL INTERFACE IN OPEN SOURCE GIS ENVIRONMENT: CASE STUDY OF THE APULIA REGION (SOUTHERN ITALY)
Abstract. Fires represent one of main challenges of the last decades as global changes are causing an increase in economic and environmental damages. Indeed, just in 2017, more than 10,000 km2 of land were burned in Europe, causing significant damage to both the natural heritage (25% of burned areas were part of Natura 2000 protected areas) and the economy with estimated losses around 10 billion euros. In addition, every year there are losses of human life that make even more necessary new strategies of action and monitoring. Therefore, an efficient management of forecasting, prevention, active fight and post fire phases, is essential to make the territories less vulnerable and reduce the impacts on human lives. But these steps require an integrated approach of different tools in order to make faster and more efficient the different operations. In this context, the study illustrates the expeditious and standardized methodologies in open source GIS environment proposed in a research project with the Civil Protection of Apulia Region in order to implement a vulnerability index to improve operations in forecasting, emergency management in real-near time and post-event analysis in urban-rural interface. All the techniques and methodologies proposed were based on the use of QGIS software as it is a highly user friendly software that can be easily used even by non-specialized technicians. Moreover, the methodologies have been validated through a direct comparison with the tools currently in use in Civil Protection Department of Apulia Region
Development of an Approach for the Holistic Assessment of Innovation Projects in Manufacturing Including Potential, Effort, and Risk Using a Systematic Literature Review and Expert Interviews
Manufacturing companies face severe challenges from rapid technological developments. Industry 5.0 indicates the need for a sustainable, human-centered, and resilient industry. In striving for transformation, innovation becomes critical. However, a careful allocation of resources implies the evaluation of innovation projects. Moreover, diverse types of innovation and limited amounts of information represent a significant challenge. Therefore, this contribution presents an approach for holistically assessing innovation in manufacturing. First, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to frame the current research state and identify assessment criteria. Second, a multiple-attribute decision-making method (MADM) was developed using the findings of the SLR and expert interviews. Finally, the criteria and the assessment approach were verified and validated by expert interviews, a workshop, and an industrial use case application. As the main findings, three criteria groups were derived and detailed: potentials, efforts, and risks. These criteria groups were used in a MADM approach incorporating Fuzzy set theory within a hybrid technique, combining the Analytical Hierarchical Process with the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions. In conclusion, an enhancement of innovation assessment in manufacturing was achieved through the integration of different criteria and the balance between complexity and industrial applicability
- …