Role of the dental surgeon in the early detection of adults with underlying HIV infection / AIDS

A review is made of the late diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a subject of growing interest in public health. It has been estimated that in Europe 30% of all HIV-infected people are unaware of their seropositive condition, and this in turn is associated with a poorer long-term disease prognosis and an increased risk of transmission to other individuals. The role of the dental surgeon in this context could be of great importance, since there are many oral lesions that can suggest the existence of underlying infection. The study also addresses the controversial subject of rapid HIV testing, and whether these tests should be performed on a routine basis in the dental clinic, or whether it is preferable to refer the patient to a specialized center

Cosmic reionization by primordial cosmic rays

Context. After the so-called cosmic recombination, the expanding universe entered into a period of darkness since most of the matter was in a neutral state. About a billion years later, however, the intergalactic space was once again ionized. The process, known as the cosmic reionization, required the operation of mechanisms that are not well understood. Among other ionizing sources, Population III stars, mini-quasars, and X-ray emitting microquasars have been invoked. Aims. We propose that primordial cosmic rays, accelerated at the termination points of the jets of the first microquasars, may have contributed to the reionization of the intergalactic space as well. Methods. We quantify the ionization power of cosmic rays (electrons and protons) in the primordial intergalactic medium. This power is calculated using extensive particle cascade simulations. Results. We establish that, depending on the fraction of electrons to protons accelerated in the microquasar jets, cosmic rays should have contributed to the reionization of the primordial intergalactic medium as much as X-rays from microquasar accretion disks. If the primordial magnetic field was of the order of 10-17 G, as some models suggest, cosmic rays had an important role in ionizing the neutral material far beyond the birth places of the first stars.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísica

Exploring Cosmic Rays Ionization Power

The latest generations of telescopes have revealed a rich sky at high and very high energies. The most abundant identified sources are active galactic nuclei, usually blazars. It has been established that the Extra-galactic Background Light (optical to infrared wavelengths) attenuates high-energy photons through pair production. The development of pair-photon cascades along the line of sight modiies the originally emitted spectrum and have a measurable impact onto the source extent and arriving time of the photons. These effects should be included in our interpretation of the observations in order to progress in the understanding of the physical origin of the emission. We follow the three-dimensional trajectories of such cascades through numerical simulations. We report here the status of our investigations regarding the gamma-ray propagation through a ∼ 100 Mpc scale. Thisindirect study of the background photon ields and the extra-galactic magnetic ield (EGMF) is an exciting aspect of what some authors already call gamma-ray cosmology.Fil: Tueros, Matias Jorge. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; ArgentinaFil: del Valle, Maria Victoria. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Gustavo Esteban. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; ArgentinaSecond Argentinian-Brazilian Meeting Gravitation, Astrophysics, and CosmologyBuenos AiresArgentinaInstituto de Astronomía y Física del EspacioInstituto Argentino de Radioastronomí

Oral cancer, HPV infection and evidence of sexual transmission

The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer and oral cancer is growing worldwide, both in young non-smokers and in young non-drinkers (smoking and drinking are considered the main risk factors). Epidemiologic studies suggest a strong association between the infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), especially types 16 and 18 (high oncological risk) which have already demonstrated their etiological role in anal tumours as well as in cervix cancer. There is clear epidemiologic evidence that both types of tumours relate to changes in sexual behaviour and that both are linked to sexual transmission of HPV. The number of oral and oropharyngeal cancer cases is rising nowadays, especially among young individuals with no typical toxic habits, such as tobacco and/or alcohol. In this review we set out to update the aspects related to the onset of oral cancer, its relationship with HPV infection and whether this association may be due to the sexual transmission of the virus

Metodología enfermera: Lenguajes estandarizados

Este libro describe los métodos que debe utilizar el profesional de Enfermería para tomar decisiones en la práctica clínica. Consta de tres capítulos: El primero aborda los conceptos generales sobre metodología enfermera y las características y elementos básicos del pensamiento crítico y su aplicación a la práctica enfermera; el segundo presenta los elementos constituyentes del juicio clínico diagnóstico profundizando en las técnicas de valoración y de diagnóstico enfermero; el tercer capítulo trata el juicio terapéutico desarrollando las fases de planificación, ejecución y evaluación del plan de cuidados

The Effect of Caffeine on the Velocity of Half-Squat Exercise during the Menstrual Cycle: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Recent literature confirms the ergogenic effect of acute caffeine intake to increase muscle strength and power in men. However, the information about the effect of caffeine on muscle performance in women is uncertain and it is unknown whether its ergogenicity is similar during the menstrual cycle. The goal of this investigation was to assess the effect of acute caffeine intake on mean and peak velocity of half-squat exercise during three different phases of the menstrual cycle. Thirteen trained eumenorrheic athletes (age = 31 ± 6 years; body mass = 58.6 ± 7.8 kg) participated in a double-blind, crossover and randomized experimental trial. In the early follicular (EFP), late follicular (LFP) and mid luteal phases (MLP), participants either ingested a placebo (cellulose) or 3 mg/kg/bm of caffeine in an opaque and unidentifiable capsule. In each trial, participants performed a half-squat exercise at maximal velocity with loads equivalent to 20%, 40% 60% and 80% of one repetition maximum (1RM). In each load, mean and peak velocity were measured during the concentric phase of the exercise using a rotatory encoder. In comparison to the placebo, a two-way ANOVA showed that the ingestion of 3 mg/kg/bm of caffeine increased mean velocity at 60% 1RM in EFP (Δ = 1.4 ± 2.7%, p = 0.04; ES: 0.2 ± 0.2) and LFP (Δ = 5.0 ± 10.4%, p = 0.04; ES: 0.3 ± 0.4). No other statistical differences were found for the caffeine-placebo comparison for mean velocity, but caffeine induced an ergogenic effect of small magnitude in all of the menstrual cycle phases. These results suggest that the acute intake of 3 mg/kg/bm of caffeine induces a small effect to increase movement velocity during resistance exercise in eumenorrheic female athletes. The positive effect of caffeine was of similar magnitude in all the three phases of the menstrual cycle.post-print559 K

Sistematización de un proceso de construcción y montaje de una radio FM de baja frecuencia en la ciudad de Formosa

El presente corpus teórico apunta a sistematizar el proceso de construcción y montaje de una radio FM de baja frecuencia, denominada La Roca 103.9 Mhz, ubicada en la ciudad de Formosa. La emisora fue creada y puesta en funcionamiento con el firme propósito de brindar a la comunidad un medio de comunicación alternativo a los ya existentes, que sea constructor de conocimientos y de un efecto multiplicador de cultura en la sociedad, a través del cual se pueda informar, educar, entretener y aportar un espacio para la pluralidad de voces. Asimismo, sentar el precedente de una producción escrita materializada mediante una tesis de grado que pueda ser consultada, revisada y superada por futuros profesionales investigadores o estudiantes de postgrado interesados en abordar esta temática.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Socia

Optimization of multi-classifiers for computational biology: application to gene finding and expression

Genomes of many organisms have been sequenced over the last few years. However, transforming such raw sequence data into knowledge remains a hard task. A great number of prediction programs have been developed to address part of this problem: the location of genes along a genome and their expression. We propose a multi-objective methodology to combine state-of-the-art algorithms into an aggregation scheme in order to obtain optimal methods’ aggregations. The results obtained show a major improvement in sensitivity when our methodology is compared to the performance of individual methods for gene finding and gene expression problems. The methodology proposed here is an automatic method generator, and a step forward to exploit all already existing methods, by providing alternative optimal methods’ aggregations to answer concrete queries for a certain biological problem with a maximized accuracy of the prediction. As more approaches are integrated for each of the presented problems, de novo accuracy can be expected to improve further.Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN) Spanish Government TIN-2006-12879Junta de Andalucia TIC-02788Howard Hughes Medical InstituteEuropean Commission Junta de Andaluci

S-nitrosylation of NF-kB p65 inhibits TSH-induced Na+/I- symporter expression

Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous signaling molecule involved in a wide variety of cellular physiological processes. In thyroid cells, NO-synthase III-endogenously produced NO reduces thyrotropin (TSH)-stimulated thyroid specific gene expression, suggesting a potential autocrine role of NO in modulating thyroid function. Further studies indicate that NO induces thyroid dedifferentiation, as NO donors repress TSH-stimulated I- uptake. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the NO inhibited Na+/I- Symporter (NIS)-mediated I- uptake in thyroid cells. We showed that NO donors reduce I- uptake in a concentration-dependent manner, which correlates with decreased NIS protein expression. NO-reduced I- uptake results from transcriptional repression of NIS gene rather than post-translational modifications reducing functional NIS expression at the plasma membrane. We observed that NO donors repress TSH-induced NIS gene expression by reducing the transcriptional activity of the NF-κB subunit p65. NO-promoted p65 S-nitrosylation reduces p65-mediated transactivation of the NIS promoter in response to TSH stimulation. Overall, our data are consistent with the notion that NO plays a role as an inhibitory signal to counterbalance TSH-stimulated NF-κB activation, thus modulating thyroid hormone biosynthesis.Fil: Nicola, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Peyret, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Nazar, Magalí. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Jorge Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Lucero, Ariel Maximiliano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Montesinos, Maria del Mar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Bocco, Jose Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Pellizas, Claudia Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Masini, Ana María. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; Argentin