Negation as a predictor of clausal complement choice in World Englishes

Research on complementizer selection has shown that the presence of a negative particle in a subordinate complement clause influences complement choice, leading to a relatively higher proportion of finite complementation patterns by increasing the complexity of the syntactic environment. Studies have also shown that different types of negation, namely not- and no-negation, increase the tendency towards more explicit complementation options (Rohdenburg 2015). The current study focuses on the effect of not- and no-negation on the complementation profile of the verb REGRET, which allows variation between finite that/zero-complement clauses and nonfinite (S) -ing clauses. The GloWbE corpus was used to create a data set of more than 4,000 examples from 16 varieties of English. The results of the analysis support previous findings that the presence of a negative marker in the complement clause increases the preference for finite patterns, especially in L2 varieties of English. However, contrary to the expectations of this study, no-negation was found to have a stronger effect on complement choice than not-negation

Contact-induced variation in clausal verb complementation: the case of REGRET in World Englishes

It has been argued that in language contact situations both transfer processes from the substrate languages (Thomason, 2008) and cognitive effects derived from the language contact situation itself (Schneider, 2012, 2013) can constitute important catalysts for language variation and change. Regarding the verbal complementation system, Steger and Schneider (2012: 172), for example, notice a preference for finite patterns over non-finite structures in World Englishes (WEs), that is, a preference for more explicit forms (hyperclarity and isomorphism). On the contrary, Schneider’s study (2012) does not confirm such a preference for more explicit forms in WEs in the competition between finite and non-finite patterns. This article intends to shed some light on the differences between the distribution of finite and nonfinite complementation patterns in WEs by exploring the complementation profile of the verb REGRET in two metropolitan varieties, British and American English, and comparing them to three geographically distant varieties with different substrate languages, historical contexts, and degrees of language contact: on the one hand, two ESL varieties, Hong Kong English and Nigerian English, and on the other, one ESD variety, Jamaican English, where contact is more pronounced. The main aim of this paper is, therefore, to investigate whether potential differences in the verbal complementation systems between varieties of English are product of cognitive processes derived from the language contact situation, a matter of transfer-induced change, or a combination of both.Research for this paper was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant FFI2014-53930-P) and the Regional Government of Galicia (grant ED431C 2017-50)

First-Gen, Future-Ready: Bold, Just & Transformative Actions for Equitable Success

What does it really take to ensure that first-generation college students thrive? Join Dr. Lindsay Romasanta, co-editor of the Journal of First-Generation Student Success and Catalyst First Speaker during this dynamic talk. Dr. Romasanta will show-case the history of the first-generation lexicon, dissecting the promising strategies and the asset based approaches all while centering student voices and lived experiences

Hypoxic Cell Waves around Necrotic Cores in Glioblastoma: A Biomathematical Model and its Therapeutic Implications

Glioblastoma is a rapidly evolving high-grade astrocytoma that is distinguished pathologically from lower grade gliomas by the presence of necrosis and microvascular hiperplasia. Necrotic areas are typically surrounded by hypercellular regions known as "pseudopalisades" originated by local tumor vessel occlusions that induce collective cellular migration events. This leads to the formation of waves of tumor cells actively migrating away from central hypoxia. We present a mathematical model that incorporates the interplay among two tumor cell phenotypes, a necrotic core and the oxygen distribution. Our simulations reveal the formation of a traveling wave of tumor cells that reproduces the observed histologic patterns of pseudopalisades. Additional simulations of the model equations show that preventing the collapse of tumor microvessels leads to slower glioma invasion, a fact that might be exploited for therapeutic purposes.Comment: 29 pages, 9 figure

FROM POTENTIAL TO REALIZED IMPACTS: THE BRIDGING ROLE OF DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURES IN FAIR DATA

Science funders, research institutions and policymakers have been investing heavily in building digital infrastructures that will enable findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) data. Despite the enthusiasm for these infrastructures, many scientists still do not understand how they can be leveraged to advance their research goals. To address this gap, we conduct an inductive qualitative study of a digital infrastructure supporting FAIR data and propose a framework exploring how these infrastructures enable new capabilities in researchers’ workflows. First, we find that these infrastructures facilitate the seamless transition between the storage and analysis of data for new insights. Second, we find that these infrastructures enable researchers to extend their typical individual research workflow to larger scales of collaboration. By exploring the bridging role of digital infrastructures in FAIR, our study hopes to inform the scientific community and policymakers on how to accelerate the adoption of FAIR practices and maximize the future impact of these infrastructures currently under development

Análisis de anfetaminas

Revisión bibliográfica del análisis de anfetaminas en pelo y puesta a punto de un método analítico mediante GC-MS sin derivatización previa para el análisis de anfetaminas en el ámbito forens

Combined therapies of antithrombotics and antioxidants delay in silico brain tumor progression

Glioblastoma multiforme, the most frequent type of primary brain tumor, is a rapidly evolving and spatially heterogeneous high-grade astrocytoma that presents areas of necrosis, hypercellularity and microvascular hyperplasia. The aberrant vasculature leads to hypoxic areas and results in an increase of the oxidative stress selecting for more invasive tumor cell phenotypes. In our study we assay in silico different therapeutic approaches which combine antithrombotics, antioxidants and standard radiotherapy. To do so, we have developed a biocomputational model of glioblastoma multiforme that incorporates the spatio-temporal interplay among two glioma cell phenotypes corresponding to oxygenated and hypoxic cells, a necrotic core and the local vasculature whose response evolves with tumor progression. Our numerical simulations predict that suitable combinations of antithrombotics and antioxidants may diminish, in a synergetic way, oxidative stress and the subsequent hypoxic response. This novel therapeutical strategy, with potentially low or no toxicity, might reduce tumor invasion and further sensitize glioblastoma multiforme to conventional radiotherapy or other cytotoxic agents, hopefully increasing median patient overall survival time.Comment: 8 figure

The Nexus of Translational Action

Sensors, actuators, and controllers are digital objects fundamental to automation-intensive industries such as transportation, manufacturing, and energy. As technologies that enable and arbitrate the transition from physical to digital worlds, they are increasingly pervasive in all facets of industry and logistics, consumer technologies, or even medicine. Hybrid digital objects with physical and digital components are composed of bitstrings that are inscribed onto a material bearer. Translational action refers to how bitstrings are accessed in the material bearer or how they are moved from one layer of the bearer to another. We perform an inductive study of 170 sensing, computational, and imaging technologies originating from leading scientific research institutions to better understand the nature of translational action. Across four physical and digital configurations, we identify seven forms of translational action. The findings offer insight into cybernetic control theory central to automated systems to understand the nature of their logic, processes, and interdependence