Sulphur content in limestones for cement industry at the Mokrá Quarry and its source

Limestones with very high percentage of CaCO3 and a small amount of remaining oxides (principally SiO2 and SO3) are important industrial rocks. Vilémovice limestones (Macocha Fm.) in the Mokrá Quarry are widely known as best pure type not only for cement industry. However, anomalous content of sulphur above limits occurs fairly often in analyses of those limestones. Sulphur contents in limestones complicate a process of clinker firing, especially because of the increase of emissions and an absence of positive chemical reactions during the firing. The reason of their frequent occurrence in the Mokrá Quarry is a hydrotermal alteration of these limestones producing the sulphides (pyrite, sphalerite, galena) and sheet silicates (besides Si and Al containing Fe, Mg, K) together with other hydrothermal minerals.Limestones with very high percentage of CaCO3 and a small amount of remaining oxides (principally SiO2 and SO3) are important industrial rocks. Vilémovice limestones (Macocha Fm.) in the Mokrá Quarry are widely known as best pure type not only for cement industry. However, anomalous content of sulphur above limits occurs fairly often in analyses of those limestones. Sulphur contents in limestones complicate a process of clinker firing, especially because of the increase of emissions and an absence of positive chemical reactions during the firing. The reason of their frequent occurrence in the Mokrá Quarry is a hydrotermal alteration of these limestones producing the sulphides (pyrite, sphalerite, galena) and sheet silicates (besides Si and Al containing Fe, Mg, K) together with other hydrothermal minerals

Alkaline elements in carbonate rocks of the Macocha and Líšeň Formations in the Mokrá quarry (Moravian Karst)

Concentrations of alkaline elements (sodium and potassium) were determined by EDX analysis and also by laboratory gamma–ray spectrometry (in case of potassium) in carbonate rocks of Macocha Fm. and Líšeň Fm. (limestones and calciturbidites) exploited in the Mokrá quarry in the southern part of the Moravian Karst. Platform carbonates of the Macocha Fm. and deep–subtidal to basin–floor nodular limestones of the Líšeň Fm. (so-called Křtiny Lmst.) have only low concentrations of sodium and potassium (in most of samples less than 0.5 wt. % Na2O and less than 0.5 wt. % K2O). The concentrations of alkaline elements in calciturbidites of the Líšeň Fm. in the Moravian Karst are higher: siliciclastic beds of calciturbidites contain 0.6–3.4 wt. % K2O and 0.04–1.8 wt. % Na2O. Increased potassium concentrations in calciturbidites are linked to a presence of phyllosilicates (illite) in siliciclastic beds. Sodium concentrations in siliciclastic beds could be linked to authigenic albite that was identifi ed by electron micro probe analysis.Concentrations of alkaline elements (sodium and potassium) were determined by EDX analysis and also by laboratory gamma–ray spectrometry (in case of potassium) in carbonate rocks of Macocha Fm. and Líšeň Fm. (limestones and calciturbidites) exploited in the Mokrá quarry in the southern part of the Moravian Karst. Platform carbonates of the Macocha Fm. and deep–subtidal to basin–floor nodular limestones of the Líšeň Fm. (so-called Křtiny Lmst.) have only low concentrations of sodium and potassium (in most of samples less than 0.5 wt. % Na2O and less than 0.5 wt. % K2O). The concentrations of alkaline elements in calciturbidites of the Líšeň Fm. in the Moravian Karst are higher: siliciclastic beds of calciturbidites contain 0.6–3.4 wt. % K2O and 0.04–1.8 wt. % Na2O. Increased potassium concentrations in calciturbidites are linked to a presence of phyllosilicates (illite) in siliciclastic beds. Sodium concentrations in siliciclastic beds could be linked to authigenic albite that was identifi ed by electron micro probe analysis

Alkali distribution in carbonate rocks of the Líšeň Formation in the dump area in the eastern part of the Mokrá Quarry (Moravian Karst)

Alkali contents (potassium and sodium) were determined in the carbonate rocks of Líšeň Fm. (limestones and calciturbidites) in the dump area in the eastern part of the Mokrá Quarry (Moravian Karst). Th e alkali contents are relatively high: the siliciclastic beds in calciturbidites contain 1.8–5.0 wt. % K2O and 0–2.2 wt. % Na2O. The enhanced potassium contents in calciturbidites are associated with feldspar and mica clasts in siliciclastic beds. The sodium contents in siliciclastic beds come from albite (clastic and authigenic). The carbonate beds of the calciturbidites show only very low concentrations of both elements.Alkali contents (potassium and sodium) were determined in the carbonate rocks of Líšeň Fm. (limestones and calciturbidites) in the dump area in the eastern part of the Mokrá Quarry (Moravian Karst). Th e alkali contents are relatively high: the siliciclastic beds in calciturbidites contain 1.8–5.0 wt. % K2O and 0–2.2 wt. % Na2O. The enhanced potassium contents in calciturbidites are associated with feldspar and mica clasts in siliciclastic beds. The sodium contents in siliciclastic beds come from albite (clastic and authigenic). The carbonate beds of the calciturbidites show only very low concentrations of both elements

Alkali distribution in carbonate rocks of the Líšeň Formation in the dump area in the eastern part of the Mokrá Quarry (Moravian Karst)

Alkali contents (potassium and sodium) were determined in the carbonate rocks of Líšeň Fm. (limestones and calciturbidites) in the dump area in the eastern part of the Mokrá Quarry (Moravian Karst). Th e alkali contents are relatively high: the siliciclastic beds in calciturbidites contain 1.8–5.0 wt. % K2O and 0–2.2 wt. % Na2O. The enhanced potassium contents in calciturbidites are associated with feldspar and mica clasts in siliciclastic beds. The sodium contents in siliciclastic beds come from albite (clastic and authigenic). The carbonate beds of the calciturbidites show only very low concentrations of both elements.Alkali contents (potassium and sodium) were determined in the carbonate rocks of Líšeň Fm. (limestones and calciturbidites) in the dump area in the eastern part of the Mokrá Quarry (Moravian Karst). Th e alkali contents are relatively high: the siliciclastic beds in calciturbidites contain 1.8–5.0 wt. % K2O and 0–2.2 wt. % Na2O. The enhanced potassium contents in calciturbidites are associated with feldspar and mica clasts in siliciclastic beds. The sodium contents in siliciclastic beds come from albite (clastic and authigenic). The carbonate beds of the calciturbidites show only very low concentrations of both elements

Alkali elements in shales of the Rozstání Formation extracted from the Mokrá Quarry (Moravian Karst)

Limestones of the Macocha and Líšeň Formations and silty to clayey shales of the Rozstání Formation as cement raw material are extracted from the Mokrá Quarry in the southern part of the Moravian Karst. Limestones of the both mentioned formations have only very low concentrations of potassium and sodium. The paper is focused on the study of chemical and mineralogical composition of the mentioned shales sampled in the eastern part of the Mokrá Quarry. The rocks have been investigated by using EDX analysis. In the studied shales, a pelitic fraction usually prevails over an aleuritic one. Up to 90 % of the pelitic fraction comprises phyllosilicates (mainly muscovite and illite), hereinaft er identified quartz and feldspars (K-feldspar, less oft en plagioclase). Aleuritic component is significantly represented by quartz. The studied rocks are rich in alkali elements (2.5 wt. % K2O and 2.6 wt. % Na2O in average). Potassium occurs in phyllosilicates of the composition corresponding to illite (or) muscovite and to biotite, partly replaced by chlorite of the clinochlore-chamosite series. Sodium is present in feldspars. It is clear that silty to clayey shales of the Rozstání Formation may significantly affect the total alkali content in the produced cement. Data are tabled and discussed.Limestones of the Macocha and Líšeň Formations and silty to clayey shales of the Rozstání Formation as cement raw material are extracted from the Mokrá Quarry in the southern part of the Moravian Karst. Limestones of the both mentioned formations have only very low concentrations of potassium and sodium. The paper is focused on the study of chemical and mineralogical composition of the mentioned shales sampled in the eastern part of the Mokrá Quarry. The rocks have been investigated by using EDX analysis. In the studied shales, a pelitic fraction usually prevails over an aleuritic one. Up to 90 % of the pelitic fraction comprises phyllosilicates (mainly muscovite and illite), hereinaft er identified quartz and feldspars (K-feldspar, less oft en plagioclase). Aleuritic component is significantly represented by quartz. The studied rocks are rich in alkali elements (2.5 wt. % K2O and 2.6 wt. % Na2O in average). Potassium occurs in phyllosilicates of the composition corresponding to illite (or) muscovite and to biotite, partly replaced by chlorite of the clinochlore-chamosite series. Sodium is present in feldspars. It is clear that silty to clayey shales of the Rozstání Formation may significantly affect the total alkali content in the produced cement. Data are tabled and discussed

Optimization of Extraction with Respect to Proven and Predicted Concentrations of Alkalis in Cement Raw Material of Mokra Deposits in Relation the Normative Levels Produced Cements.

Import 07/01/2015V disertační práci je řešena problematika výskytu alkalických prvků v ložisku cementářských surovin v návaznosti na proces zušlechtění pro výrobu slínku s dopadem na normativní hodnoty produktové řady cementů. Nosným pilířem této práce je skutečnost, že koncentrace alkalických prvků v ložisku se jeví přímo úměrná k některým ostatním oxidům zastoupených u vápenců a břidlic. Vygenerování korelačních souvislosti bude nezbytným předpokladem této disertační práce. Práce bude podložena letitými laboratorními rozbory, které propojí paralelu těžby a následných zkušeností napříč petrograficky velmi rozmanitou skladbou ložiska. Historicky ne vždy byl kladen důraz, na rozbor alkálií v ložisku. V důsledku toho vznikla z pohledu alkálií, za více než 40 letou historii těžby na ložisku neprozkoumaná místa. Nalezením správných korelačních vztahů s ostatními oxidy můžeme docílit vysoce pravděpodobných odvození obsahu alkálií v těchto neurčených míst v ložisku. Takto ucelený průběh izolinií napříč ložiskem bude nezbytným průvodcem pro technologickou přípravu suroviny u středně a dlouhodobých plánů těžby. Práce se rovněž bude zabývat současnými trendy v oblasti nízkoalkalických cementů v přenesených požadavcích na těžbu dané skladby suroviny. Garance stability a vyváženosti dodávky vhodné suroviny je nezbytným předpokladem pro normativní deklarování příslušného sortimentu cementu. U produktů nízkoalkalických bude stěžejním limitem obsah alkálií, k čemuž nám komplexní znalost ložiska bude základním předpokladem.The dissertation is the problem of the occurrence of alkali elements in the deposit of raw materials for cement following the process of refining for the production of clinker with an impact on normative values of cement product line. The main pillar of this work is the fact that the concentration of alkali elements in the deposit appears to be directly proportional to some other oxides represented by limestones and shales. Generating the correlation context the, prerequisite for this dissertation. The work will be supported by longtime laboratory analysis that connect parallel extraction and subsequent experience across a very diverse range of petrographic deposit. Historically not always been the focus on the analysis of alkali in the deposit. Consequently arose from the viewpoint of alkali for more than 40 year history of mining at the deposit unexplored places. Finding good correlations with other oxides we can achieve highly probable derivation of the alkali content in these places unspecified in the deposit. Thus, a comprehensive course of isolines across deposit will be the necessary guide for technological preparation of raw materials in the medium and long-term mining plans. The work will also cover current trends in low-alkaline cements in the devolved requirements for the extraction of composition of raw materials. Guarantee of stability and balance of supply suitable raw material is a necessary prerequisite for declaring the relevant normative product range of cement. For low-alkaline products will be central limit the alkali content, to which our complex knowledge of deposit will be a main prerequisite.Prezenční542 - Institut hornického inženýrství a bezpečnostivyhově

Rozvinutí porubních front vápencového lomu na ložisku Mokrá

Import 20/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava. Fakulta hornicko-geologická. Institut hornického inženýrství (542

Monitoring of Dilation Cracks and Vibrations Caused by Blasting Works at the Quarry of Mokra on Surrounding Construction Objects

The quarry of Mokra, whose locality comprises administrative area of three communities, has cooperated with our Institute for a longer time, communicating with the authorities and people, as regards environmental safety and quality of living in the area. Monitoring of the conditions by continual measurements of dilation cracking and blasting works seismic effects has been an indispensable part of the collaboration.The measurement equipment was developed especially for the needs and condition of the quarry of Mokra, but can be used universally. This paper reports on technicalities of its development and experience of using it in practice

Testing the effect of undermining on positional accuracy of the digital technical map of Ostrava in the Přívoz cadastral district / Přívoz kadastrinio rajono įtakos Ostravos skaitmeninio techninio žemėlapio poziciniam tikslumui padarinių tyrimas /

Intensive underground exploitation took place in the area of the Ostrava corporate town in recent past. After the coal mining was shut down in 1994 gradual subsidence in the town area has slowed down, however, establishing of the Digital Technical Map of Ostrava (DTMMO) dates back to 1992. When working a seam the original geostatic and tectonic stress state in the surrounding rock mass changes, which is accompanied by rock transformation and displacement from the roof towards the stope. Undermining is manifested in landscape morphology in many different ways that we can divide to continuous and discontinuous deformations. Residual mining effects could therefore have impacted positional accuracy of DTMMO in the last 18 years. The Bohumín 8-9/43 topographic sheet was selected for testing purposes in the Přívoz cadastral district. Santrauka Netolimoje praeityje Ostravos, miesto Čekijos rytuose, savivaldybėje buvo intensyviai eksploatuojama žemė. Nustojus užsiiminėti angliakasyba, nuo 1994-ųjų, palaipsnis žemės smukimas miesto vietovėse sulėtėjo. Skaitmeninis techninis Ostravos žemėlapis (DTMMO) sukurtas dar 1992 metais. Vykstant darbams žemės tarpsluoksnyje pirminis geostatinis ir tektoninis slėgis aplinkinėje uolienų masėje keitėsi, ir tai lėmė uolienų transformaciją ir slinktį. Kraštovaizdžio morfologijoje žala pasireiškia įvairiais būdais. Skiriama nenutrūkstamoji ir nutrūkstamoji deformacijos. Liekamasis kasybos poveikis per pstaruosius 18 metų galėjo paveikti pozicinį DTMMO tikslumą. Tiriant Přívoz kadastrinį rajoną, pasirinkta Bohumín 8-9/43 topografinio žemėlapio lapas. Резюме В недавнем прошлом в районе корпоративного г. Острава интенсивно эксплуатировались нижние слои грунта. После прекращения добычи угля в 1994 г. постепенное оседание поверхности города замедлилось. Созданная цифровая техническая карта г. Остравы (DTMMO) восходит к 1992 г. При работе с пластом возникающее исходное геостатическое и тектоническое возбуждение приводит к изменениям в окружающих пласт горных массивах, которые сопровождаются преобразованием пород и перемещениями в направлении забоя. Разрушение проявляется в морфологии ландшафта в самых разных формах, которые можно подразделить на непрерывные и разрывные деформации. Поэтому остаточные явления горных разработок могут оказывать влияние на позиционную точность DTMMO за последние 18 лет. Для анализа была выбрана топографическая плита Богумин 8-9/43 в кадастровом районе Привоз. Reikšminia žodižiai: skaitmeninis techninis žemėlapis, Ostrava, koordinačių paklaida, pozicinė klaida, duomenų analizė, matuojami objektai Ключевые слова: цифровые технические карты, Острава, координация ошибок, позиционные ошибки, анализ данных, измеряемые объект