220 research outputs found
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ: ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ
Current prophylactic and hygienic measures notwithstanding, implant-related infection remains among leadingΒ reasons for failure in orthopaedics and trauma surgery, resulting in extremely high social and economic costs. VariousΒ antibacterial coating technologies have been proven safe and effective both in preclinical and in clinical settings andΒ able to reduce post-surgical infections up to 90%, depending on the type of the coating and on the experimental setup.Β In spite of this findings, the widespread use of these technologies is still limited by several factors. After reviewingΒ the latest evidence on currently available antibacterial coatings, an algorithm is proposed to calculate the impactΒ of the delayed introduction of these technologies in the clinical practice. When applied to joint arthroplasties, ourΒ calculator shows that each year of delay to implement an antibacterial coating, able to reduce post-surgical infectionΒ by 80% at a final userβs cost price of β¬600, causes an estimated 35 200 new cases of periprosthetic joint infection inΒ Europe and additional annual hospital costs of approximately β¬440 million. Faster and more affordable regulatoryΒ pathways for antibacterial coating technologies and an adequate reimbursement policy for their clinical use appear aΒ feasible solution to mitigate the impact of implant-related infections and may benefit patients, healthcare systems,Β and related research.All patients provided written informed consent.Competing interests: the authors declare that there are no competing interests.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ-Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΒ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. Π Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Β ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉΒ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 90% Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Β ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΠ² Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌΒ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΌ, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΒ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Β ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» Π±Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° 80% ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»ΡΒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ 600 Π΅Π²ΡΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊ 35 200 Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡ ΠΈ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Π² ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Β ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ 440 ΠΌΠ»Π½ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎ. Π£ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Β Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ-Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²,Β ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Two-bands effect on the superconducting fluctuating diamagnetism in MgB₂
The field dependence of the magnetization above the transition temperature Tc
in MgB₂ is shown to evidence a diamagnetic contribution consistent with
superconducting fluctuations reflecting both the σ and π bands. In
particular, the upturn field Hup in the magnetization curve, related to the
incipient effect of the magnetic field in quenching the fluctuating pairs,
displays a double structure, in correspondence to two correlation lengths. The
experimental findings are satisfactorily described by the extension to the
diamagnetism of a recent theory for paraconductivity, in the framework of a
zero-dimensional model for the fluctuating superconducting droplets above Tc
Effect of two gaps on the flux lattice internal field distribution: evidence of two length scales from muSR in Mg1-xAlxB2
We have measured the transverse field muon spin precession in the flux
lattice (FL) state of the two gap superconductor MgB2 and of the electron doped
compounds Mg1-xAlxB2 in magnetic fields up to 2.8T. We show the effect of the
two gaps on the internal field distribution in the FL, from which we determine
two coherence length parameters and the doping dependence of the London
penetration depth. This is an independent determination of the complex vortex
structure already suggested by the STM observation of large vortices in a MgB2
single crystal. Our data agrees quantitatively with STM and we thus validate a
new phenomenological model for the internal fields.Comment: now in press Phys. Rev. Lett., small modifications required by the
edito
Phenotypic and genomic identification of Staphylococcus epidermidis GOI1153754-03-14 isolated from an infected orthopedic prosthesis
Introduction: Staphylococcus epidermidis GOI1153754-03-14 is able to colonize orthopedic implants and to cause septic non-unions, as validated in a recent in vivo study (Lovati, 2016). To pore over the mechanisms leading to the biofilm formation on metallic implants, in the present study, we carried out the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the clinical isolate S. epidermidis GOI1153754-03-14.Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the strain were evaluated through the Vitek2 System (Biomerieux), as well as its ability to form biofilm in vitro through a spectrophotometric assay (Stepanovich, 2000).The genomic DNA was extracted by Bacterial Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Norgen Biotek Corp.). Libraries were prepared with the ThruPLEX DNA-seq (Rubicon Genomics) and then sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform through the MiSeq Reagent Kit v3 (600-cycles) to produce 300 bp paired-end reads (Illumina Inc.). Reads were quality-trimmed and gene annotated thanks to the RAST software (Aziz, 2008).Results: The antimicrobial susceptibility along with the MIC values are reported in Table 1. The outputs resulted in 51 contigs (Average = 50,720.6 Mb) with 396X fold average coverage. The total genome is 2,586,753 bp long with a GC content of 31.84% and an N50 value of 7 bp. The whole genome is composed by 2,467 protein-encoding genes and 64 RNAs (55 tRNAs and 9 rRNAs). The entire genome sequence has been deposited in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) under the accession no. FWCG01000000 (Bottagisio, 2017).Discussion: The genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the S. epidermidis GOI1153754-03-14 will enable a better comprehension of the mechanisms involved in the biofilm formation on orthopedic implants paving the way for innovative preventative and therapeutic strategies. Moreover, the sequence of this clinical strain is mandatory to develop dedicated proteomics analysis in order to highlight functional mechanism of biofilm formation
Modelling the Erythroblastic Island Niche of Dyserythropoietic Anaemia Type IV patients using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Bone and joint infections in adults: a comprehensive classification proposal
Ten currently available classifications were tested for their ability to describe a continuous cohort of 300 adult patients affected by bone and joint infections. Each classification only focused, on the average, on 1.3\u2009\ub1\u20090.4 features of a single clinical condition (osteomyelitis, implant-related infections, or septic arthritis), being able to classify 34.8\u2009\ub1\u200924.7% of the patients, while a comprehensive classification system could describe all the patients considered in the study. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: A comprehensive classification system permits more accurate classification of bone and joint infections in adults than any single classification available and may serve for didactic, scientific, and clinical purposes
Antibacterial Bioactive Glass, S53P4, for Chronic Bone Infections - A Multinational Study
Correction: Volume: 971 Pages: 115-116 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2017_13 Published: 2017 WOS:000446017300010Osteomyelitis is an infectious process in bone that occasionally leads to bone destruction. Traditionally, the surgical treatment procedure is performed in combination with systemic and local antibiotics as a two-stage procedure that uses autograft or allograft bone for filling of the cavitary defect. Bioactive glass (BAG-S53P4) is a bone substitute with proven antibacterial and bone bonding properties. One hundred and sixteen patients who had verified chronic osteomyelitis was treated using BAG-S53P4 as part of the treatment. Most of the patients had previously undergone numerous procedures, sometimes for decades. A register of patient data obtained from 11 centers from Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Germany, Azerbaijan and Poland was set-up and continuously maintained at Helsinki University Central Hospital. The location of the osteomyelitis was mainly in the tibia followed by the femur and then the calcaneus. The median age of the patients was 48 years (15-87). The patients were either treated according to a one-stage procedure without local antibiotics (85 %) or by a two-stage procedure using antibiotic beads in the first procedure (15 %). The minimum follow-up was 1 year (12-95 months, median 31). The cure rate was 104/116, the total success rate 90 % and most of the patients showed a rapid recovery. The study shows that (BAG-S53P4) can be used in a one-stage procedure in treatment of osteomyelitis with excellent results.Peer reviewe
Prevention of implant-related infections by a resorbable, antibacterial-loaded coating: a new approach
Currently studied antibacterial coatings are far from having large-scale applications, due to various limitations. A recently developed fast resorbable, antibacterial-loaded, hydrogel coating may provide a new approach to offer an effective antibacterial and antibiofilm protection to orthopedic implants
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