Sergeac – Abri Castanet

Identifiant de l'opération archéologique : 0225467 Date de l'opération : 2005 (FP) Bilan des fouilles programmées (Aurignacien ancien)      • L’abri Castanet L’abri effondré dénommé  Castanet  orienté plein ouest, est situé sur la commune de Sergeac, sur la rive droite du vallon de Castel Merle ou vallon des Roches. Après un premier sondage de Marcel Castanet, ce site fut fouillé ..

Sergeac – Abri Castanet

Identifiant de l'opération archéologique : 025467 Date de l'opération : 2008 (EV) L’abri effondré dénommé « Castanet » est situé sur la rive droite du vallon de Castel-Merle, tributaire de la Vézère. Les fouilles de Peyrony et Castanet, en 1911 à 1913 et encore en 1924-1925, ont livré un Aurignacien ancien situé directement sur le bedrock, avec de nombreux objets d’art, de parure, ainsi qu’une riche industrie osseuse et lithique. À part la fouille et la contextualisation des structures d’habi..

Sergeac – Abri Castanet

Identifiant de l'opération archéologique : 0225467 Date de l'opération : 2005 (FP) Bilan des fouilles programmées (Aurignacien ancien)      • L’abri Castanet L’abri effondré dénommé  Castanet  orienté plein ouest, est situé sur la commune de Sergeac, sur la rive droite du vallon de Castel Merle ou vallon des Roches. Après un premier sondage de Marcel Castanet, ce site fut fouillé ..

Genome-wide association study on coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes suggests beta-defensin 127 as a risk locus

Aims Diabetes is a known risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). There is accumulating evidence that CAD pathogenesis differs for individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the genetic background has not been extensively studied. We aimed to discover genetic loci increasing CAD susceptibility, especially in T1D, to examine the function of these discoveries and to study the role of the known risk loci in T1D. Methods and results We performed the largest genome-wide association study to date for CAD in T1D, comprising 4869 individuals with T1D (cases/controls: 941/3928). Two loci reached genome-wide significance, rs1970112 in CDKN2B-AS1 [odds ratio (OR) =1.32, P = 1.50 x 10(-8)], and rs6055069 on DEFB127 promoter (OR= 4.17, P= 2.35 x 10(-9)), with consistent results in survival analysis. The CDKN2B-AS1 variant replicated (P = 0.04) when adjusted for diabetic kidney disease in three additional T1D cohorts (cases/controls: 434/3123). Furthermore, we explored the function of the lead discoveries with a cardio-phenome-wide analysis. Among the eight suggestive loci (P <1 x 10(-6)), rs70962766 near B3GNT2 associated with central blood pressure, rs1344228 near CNTNAP5 with intima media thickness, and rs2112481 on GRAMD2B promoter with serum leucocyte concentration. Finally, we calculated genetic risk scores for individuals with T1D with the known susceptibility loci. General population risk variants were modestly but significantly associated with CAD also in T1D (P=4.21 x 10(-7)). Conclusion While general population CAD risk loci had limited effect on the risk in T1D, for the first time, variants at the CDKN2B-AS1 locus were robustly associated with CAD in individuals with T1D. The novel finding on beta-defensin DEFB127 promoter provides a link between diabetes, infection susceptibility, and CAD, although pending on future confirmation. [GRAPHICS] .Peer reviewe

Une nouvelle découverte d’art pariétal aurignacien in situ à l’abri Castanet (Dordogne, France) : contexte et datation

En 2007, un fragment de voûte ornée a été découvert, sur le site de l’abri Castanet (commune de Sergeac, Dordogne) lors des opérations archéologiques ce qui n’était plus arrivé depuis 1912 (fouilles de M. Castanet pour L. Didon). La face profondément gravée et peinte de ce bloc d’effondrement, pesant plus d’une tonne, était en contact direct avec la couche archéologique aurignacienne. Une série de six datations par 14C AMS (par filtration moléculaire), réalisée sur des vestiges osseux de faune en contact avec le sommet du niveau d’occupation, donne des résultats cohérents dont la moyenne est de 32 400 BP. Parmi les tracés visibles, sur la surface du bloc, la figure la plus évidente est celle d’une vulve. Cette thématique a été mise en évidence de façon récurrente au cours des fouilles du XXe siècle sur le site de Castanet et sur celui voisin de Blanchard. La découverte de ce bloc et sa datation permettent de recadrer chronologiquement ceux retrouvés à quelques mètres au cours des fouilles anciennes et d’aborder ces manifestations du vallon de Castel-Merle sous un nouvel angle.Here, we report on the discovery in 2007, in perfect archaeological context, of part of the engraved and ocre-stained undersurface of the rockshelter ceiling from Abri Castanet, Commune de Sergeac, Dordogne. The engraved/painted undersurface of the massive roof-collapse block, weighing more than a ton, was in direct contact with the surface of the early Aurignacian archaeological layer onto which it had fallen. A series of six molecular filtration dates on faunal bone from that surface are internally coherent and yield a mean age estimate of 32400 radiocarbon years BP. The clearest engraving observable on the newly discovered ceiling fragment fits morphologically into the category of vulvar images, many examples of which were recovered during excavations at the beginning of the 20th century at Abri Castanet and the adjacent site of Abri Blanchard. This new discovery from Castanet surely provides an age estimate for those earlier finds, all of which were located within a few meters of the image described here

Context and dating of newly discovered Aurignacian rock art from Abri Castanet (Dordogne, France)

In this paper we report on the discovery in 2007 in archaeological context, of part of the engraved and ocher-stained undersurface of the rockshelter ceiling from Abri Castanet, Commune de Sergeac, Dordogne. The engraved/painted undersurface of the massive roof-collapse block, weighing more than a ton, was in direct contact with the surface of the early Aurignacian archaeological layer onto which it had fallen. A series of six molecular filtration dates on faunal bone from the rock surface are internally coherent and yield a mean age estimate of 32,400 radiocarbon years BP. The clearest engraving observable on the newly discovered ceiling fragment fits morphologically into the category of vulvar images, many examples of which were recovered during excavations at the beginning of the 20th century at Abri Castanet and the adjacent site of Abri Blanchard. This new discovery from Castanet provides an age estimate for those earlier finds, all of which were located within a few meters of the image described here

Investigation of nonlinear difference-frequency wave excitation on a semisubmersible offshore-wind platform with bichromatic-wave CFD simulations

The natural surge and pitch frequencies of semisubmersible offshore wind platforms are typically designed to be below the wave frequencies to avoid direct excitation. However, surge or pitch resonance can be excited by the nonlinear low-frequency loads generated by irregular incident waves. Second-order potential-flow models with added Morison drag have been found to underpredict this low-frequency excitation and response. As part of the OC6 project1 , the authors performed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to enable a better understanding of the low-frequency loads and the limitations of lower-fidelity models. The focus of this paper is to set up a computationally cost-effective CFD simulation of a fixed semisubmersible platform to investigate nonlinear differencefrequency loads and establish the corresponding uncertainty in the results. Because of the high computing cost, CFD simulations of irregular waves can be challenging. Instead, simulations were performed with bichromatic waves having a shorter repeat period. A preliminary comparison with quadratic transfer functions from second-order potential-flow theory shows that CFD models consistently predict higher nonlinear wave loads at the difference frequency, likely because of flow separation and viscous drag not accounted for in potential-flow theor

What Proportion of Female Sex Workers Practise anal Intercourse and How Frequently? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

HIV is more efficiently acquired during receptive anal intercourse (AI) compared to vaginal intercourse (VI) and may contribute substantially to female sex workers' (FSW) high HIV burden. We aim to determine how common and frequent AI is among FSW globally. We searched PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO for studies reporting the proportion of FSW practising AI (prevalence) and/or the number of AI acts (frequency) worldwide from 01/1980 to 10/2018. We assessed the influence of participant and study characteristics on AI prevalence (e.g. continent, study year and interview method) through sub-group analysis. Of 15,830 identified studies, 131 were included. Nearly all (N = 128) reported AI prevalence and few frequency (N = 13), over various recall periods. Most studies used face-to-face interviews (N = 111). Pooled prevalences varied little by recall period (lifetime: 15.7% 95%CI 12.2-19.3%, N = 30, I2 = 99%; past month: 16.2% 95%CI 10.8-21.6%, N = 18, I2 = 99%). The pooled proportion of FSW reporting < 100% condom use tended to be non-significantly higher during AI compared to during VI (e.g. any unprotected VI: 19.1% 95%CI 1.7-36.4, N = 5 and any unprotected AI: 46.4% 95%CI 9.1-83.6, N = 5 in the past week). Across all study participants, between 2.4 and 15.9% (N = 6) of all intercourse acts (AI and VI) were anal. Neither AI prevalence nor frequency varied substantially by any participant or study characteristics. Although varied, AI among FSW is generally common, inconsistently protected with condoms and practiced sufficiently frequently to contribute substantially to HIV acquisition in this risk group. Interventions to address barriers to condom use are needed

Rac1 Dynamics in the Human Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans

The small Rho G-protein Rac1 is highly conserved from fungi to humans, with approximately 65% overall sequence identity in Candida albicans. As observed with human Rac1, we show that C. albicans Rac1 can accumulate in the nucleus, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) together with fluorescence loss in photobleaching (FLIP) studies indicate that this Rho G-protein undergoes nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling. Analyses of different chimeras revealed that nuclear accumulation of C. albicans Rac1 requires the NLS-motifs at its carboxyl-terminus, which are blocked by prenylation of the adjacent cysteine residue. Furthermore, we show that C. albicans Rac1 dynamics, both at the plasma membrane and in the nucleus, are dependent on its activation state and in particular that the inactive form accumulates faster in the nucleus. Heterologous expression of human Rac1 in C. albicans also results in nuclear accumulation, yet accumulation is more rapid than that of C. albicans Rac1. Taken together our results indicate that Rac1 nuclear accumulation is an inherent property of this G-protein and suggest that the requirements for its nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling are conserved from fungi to humans