PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DALAM MENGGUNAKAN JAMBAN SEHAT DI DESA MAMBULU BARAT, KECAMATAN TAMBELENGAN, KABUPATEN SAMPANG

Pencapaian sasaran Sustainable Development Goals SDGs salah satunya tujuannya merupakan tentang air bersih serta sanitasi, pada prilaku hidup sehat salah satunya bisa diwujudkan dengan membuang kotoran manusia( feses)/ buang air besar dengan metode yang sehat ataupun pada tempatnya, semacam jamban. World Health Organization tahun 2018, memperkirakan sebanyak 2, 4 miliyar ataupun 1 dari 3 penduduk dunia tidak mempunyai jamban, serta tidak menyesuikan hidup bersih serta sehat. Permasalahan minimnya pemakaian jamban dipengaruhi oleh minimnya sikap kesehatan area warga. Riset ini bertujuan buat mendeskripsikan prilaku warga dalam memakai jamban bersih serta sehat di Desa Mambulu Barat, Kecamatan Tambelengan, Kabupaten Sampang. Riset ini memakai tata cara riset deskriptif. Populasi dalam riset ini merupakan segala kepala keluarga di Desa Mambulu barat yang bersedia. Terdapat 50 responden dalam riset ini. Pengumpulan informasi memakai kuesioner. Hasil riset menampilkan kalau prilaku warga Desa Mambulu Barat, Kecamatan Tambelengan, Kabupaten Sampang dalam memakai jamban bersih serta sehat dari 50 responden( 54%) ataupun 27 responden berperilaku negatif, sebaliknya( 46%) ataupun 23 responden berperilaku positif. Buat tingkatkan kepemilikan, pemanfaatan serta pemakaian jamban bersih serta sehat di Desa Mambulu Barat, Kecamatan Tambelengan, Kabupaten Sampang dibutuhkan motivasi serta pembinaan

HbA1c and Plasma Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: The diabetic microvascular pathophysiology is associated with many chronic inflammatory processes triggered by some cytokines and growth factors. Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 (TGFβ-1) is considered to be a key mediator of the pathogenesis of microvascular complications associated with chronic hyperglycemia. We analyzed the correlation between HbA1c and TGFβ-1 plasma levels in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: We enrolled T2DM patients over the age of 18, then HbA1c level from venous blood samples supplemented with anticoagulants was measured by using HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). TGFβ-1 examination was performed by using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and Human TGFβ-1 quantizing ELISA (R&D) reagent. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation test. Results: The number of research subjects was 30 patients. The median of HbA1c levels were 7.15% (4.7-13.6%). Median TGFβ-1 plasma levels were 150.8 pg/mL (23.6-2089.2 pg / mL). Spearman’s correlation test showed a strong and significant positive correlation between HbA1c and TGFβ-1 plasma levels in patients with T2DM (rs = 0.637; p <0.001). Conclusion: There was a strong and significant positive correlation between HbA1c and TGFβ-1 plasma levels in T2DM patients

Case Report: Priapism as the clinical presentation of chronic myeloid leukemia in accordance with reports created during last twenty years: a case report and literature review

Priapism in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) appears to be an infrequent manifestation as well as a crucial emergency. Here, we report an 18-year-old male presenting with a persistent erection of penis for 20 days. We evaluate and compare the reported cases during the past 20 years discussing the management of CML patients experiencing priapism. Cytoreductive therapy followed by leukapheresis, the administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and intra-cavernosal blood aspiration may resolve the symptoms of priapism. Early intervention for cytoreduction and aspiration are the pivotal keys to successfully impeding the complications

CRISPR-Cas9 through AAV delivery system as a gene therapy in Parkinson’s disease

The global population living with Parkinson’s disease is estimated to reach 9.4 million people, which has increased significantly since 2016, with a total of 6 million people. Parkinson's is a neurodegenerative disease of the substantia nigra that causes a decrease in dopamine production and is characterized by the appearance of cytoplasmic misfold proteins called Lewy bodies. The study found that abnormalities or mutations in the SNCA and LRRK2 genes correlated with the overproduction of the ɑ-synuclein protein, which forms Lewy bodies that cause Parkinson's. Current Parkinson's medications only temporarily replace lost dopamine but do not treat the direct cause of Parkinson's; this research used qualitative literature study with content analysis, observation, and development; the use of CRISPR-Cas9 through AAV genetic engineering in repairing SNCA and LRRK2 mutant gene. This genetic therapy works by cutting the mutant DNA base sequences in the SNCA and LRRK2 genes and then replacing them with normal sequences through a homology-direct repair mechanism. As a result, the abnormalities or mutations that cause Parkinson's in these two genes can be corrected, so that dopaminergic levels in the brain can return to normal and excessive accumulation of α-synuclein protein can be suppressed

Circulating Plasma miRNA-21 as a Superior Biomarker Compared to CA 15-3: Assessment in Healthy Age Matched Subjects and Different Stage of Breast Cancer Patients

BACKGROUND: Carbohydrate antigens 15-3 (CA 15-3) is a conventional tumor marker in breast cancer, with low sensitivity and specificity. MicroRNA (miRNA)-21 showed its stability in circulation and could serve as powerful biomarker. The aim of this study was to evaluate miRNA-21 as breast cancer biomarker compared to CA 15-3 in Indonesian population.METHODS: Circulating plasma miRNA-21 expression was measured using qRT-PCR in 49 patients at various stages of breast cancer and 16 healthy controls. The relative expression value of miRNA-21 was calculated using 2-ΔΔCt. Meanwhile, CA 15-3 was quantified using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) methods. The results of miRNA-21 and CA 15-3 plasma circulating expression were compared with controls at each stage and between stages of breast cancer.RESULTS: CA 15-3 median level in breast cancer group was 1.60 times higher compared to control group (p=0.019), 21.00 m/mL and 13.05 m/mL, respectively. Median miRNA-21 expression in breast cancer group was elevated 4.92 folds compared to control group (p=0.001), 4.43 and 0.90, respectively. There was no significant difference of CA 15-3 level between controls and all stages of breast cancer group. CA 15-3 cut-off value was 15.05 m/mL (p=0.016) with 59.2% sensitivity and 62.5% specificity. Meanwhile, there was a significant difference of miRNA-21 expression between controls and most stages of breast cancer group. Circulating miRNA-21 expression cut-off value was 2.07 (p=0.000) with 91.8% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity.CONCLUSION: Circulating miRNA-21 expression and CA 15-3 levels were significantly increased in breast cancer group compared to control group. The miRNA-21 expression increased consistently with breast cancer stage progression. miRNA-21 could serve as superior biomarker compared to CA 15-3.KEYWORDS: biomarker, breast cancer, circulating plasma, liquid biopsy, miRNA-2

Early detection breast cancer: role of circulating plasma miRNA-21 expression as a potential screening biomarker

Background/aim: To explore the potential of the circulating plasma miRNA-21 as an early detection biomarker by comparing earlystage breast cancer (BG) and healthy control (HG) in Indonesian population. Materials and methods: The enlisted patients were 26 adult female early-stage breast cancer patients (stage 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B) of Airlangga University Hospital from August 2019 to October 2019. Sixteen volunteers were recruited as matching healthy subjects. MiRNA-21 expression was quantified by plasma qRT-PCR. Data analysis performed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.24 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). MiRNA-21 cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The study included 26 BG and 16 HG subjects. The miRNA-21 expression in BG group was 3.933 (1.181-11.794) and 0.905 (0.164-4.532) in HG group (4.34 folds; P = 0.001), with 1.66 cut-off (92.3% sensitivity; 81.2% specificity). MiRNA-21 expression separated analysis in HG showed a 0.578 times lower expression in menopause subjects [0.651 (0.164-0.414)], compared to premenopause ones [(1.123 (0.758 - 4.532); P = 0.031]. Yet, in BG group, 1.729 times higher miRNA-21 expression was observed in menopause subjects (6.021 ± 3.583), compared to premenopause ones (3.500 ± 1.517; P = 0.022). Conclusion: Circulating miRNA-21 expression is a potential biomarker for early detection of breast cancer and might act as a breast cancer risk predictor

ASOSIASI ANTARA KADAR HbA1C DAN TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA 1 PLASMA PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2

Latar belakang: Diabetes mellitus telah menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di seluruh dunia, dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang terus meningkat. Hiperglikemia kronik memegang peran penting dalam inisiasi dan progresi dari komplikasi mikrovaskuler diabetik. Penelitian terbaru menunjukkan bahwa patofisiologi mikrovaskuler diabetik dikaitkan dengan proses inflamasi kronik yang dipicu oleh peran beberapa sitokin dan growth factors. Transforming Growth Factor Beta -1 (TGF β1) diduga merupakan mediator kunci patogenesis komplikasi mikrovaskuler yang terkait hiperglikemia kronis. Namun, penelitian-penelitian yang ada tentang hubungan TGF β1 dengan kondisi hiperglikemia kronis menunjukkan hasil yang kontroversial. Tujuan: Menentukan asosiasi antara kadar HbA1c dan TGF β1 plasma pada pasien DMT2. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik cross-sectional pada pasien DMT2 yang berumur 18 tahun keatas. HbA1c diukur menggunakan sampel darah vena dengan antikoagulan menggunakan metode HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). Pemeriksaan TGF β1 dilakukan dengan metode ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) dengan menggunakan reagensia Human TGF β1 quantikine ELISA (R&D). Analisis statistik korelasi antara kadar HbA1c dan TGF β1 plasma menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Jumlah subyek penelitian 30 orang. Median kadar HbA1c yaitu 7,15 % (4,7-13,6 %). Median kadar TGF β1 plasma yaitu 150,8 pg/mL (23,6-2089,2 pg/mL). Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan terdapat korelasi positif kuat dan bermakna antara kadar HbA1c dan TGF β1 plasma pada pasien DMT2 (rs = 0,637; p = 0,000). Kesimpulan: Terdapat asosiasi positif bermakna antara antara kadar HbA1c dan TGF β1 plasma pada pasien DMT

Thalasemia Research Data

Data mutasi thalasemia indonesia east java</p

Palpebral Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma with Non-specific Reactive Hepatitis

ABSTRACT Extranodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) remains an odd issue and something to discuss. Clinical evidence and guidelines on the treatment have not yet been broadly published and accessible. Here, we present a case of a thirty-eight years old woman complaining of mass on both lower lids of the eyes. The CT Scan examination showed enhancing solid masses on right-sided and left-sided palpebra inferior that press bulb oculi, suspected as bilateral malignant masses of bilateral palpebra inferior. Laboratory data revealed the surge of liver function marker. The patient was eventually diagnosed with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) of palpebra inferior B cell type high-grade stadium II E. Although there are still ongoing research and development of definitive treatments, R-CHOP a regiment given to this patient has shown complete favorable result with dosage adjustment due to the surge of basal liver function. The regiment was considered safe since no adverse effects reportedKeywords: extranodal, lymphoma non-hodgkin, palpebra, liver functio

Hubungan Pengetahuan Hepatitis B dan Perilaku Berisiko Tinggi dengan Kejadian Hepatitis B pada Remaja

Hepatitis B is a disease caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the most common type of Hepatitis in Indonesia at 21.8%. High-risk behaviors such as unsafe sexual intercourse and indiscriminate use of syringes can cause Hepatitis B. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge of Hepatitis B and high-risk behaviors with the incidents of Hepatitis B among adolescents. The study was conducted by using a cross-sectional design and 50 adolescents as the respondents. The data collection was carried out by using a questionnaire. Correlation analysis was performed by Fisher’s exact test. 62% of adolescents had a low level of knowledge about Hepatitis B, 54% of adolescents never engaged in high-risk behavior, and 70% of adolescents claimed that they were never exposed to Hepatitis B. This study did not show any relationship between knowledge of Hepatitis B and the incidents of Hepatitis B (p 0.086 &gt; α 0.05) and there was a relationship between high-risk behaviors in adolescents and the incidents of Hepatitis B (p 0.002 &lt; α 0.05). Adolescents' knowledge of Hepatitis B and high-risk behaviors in adolescents are important factors that need to be controlled to decrease Hepatitis B rates. Socialization of Hepatitis B knowledge is needed to understand the virus, causes, transmission channel, how to stop the spread, and treatments should be taken when being infected by Hepatitis B virus.Hepatitis B merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus Hepatitis B (HBV) dan merupakan jenis Hepatitis terbanyak di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 21,8%. Perilaku berisiko tinggi seperti hubungan seksual yang tidak aman dan penggunaan jarum suntik sembarangan dapat menyebabkan Hepatitis B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan Hepatitis B dan perilaku berisiko tinggi dengan kejadian Hepatitis B pada remaja. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain cross-sectional dengan responden sebanyak 50 remaja. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner. Analisis hubungan dilakukan dengan uji Fisher exact. Sebanyak 62% remaja memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kurang tentang Hepatitis B, 54% remaja tidak pernah melakukan perilaku berisiko tinggi, dan 70% remaja mengaku tidak pernah terpapar Hepatitis B. Hasil penelitian tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan Hepatitis B dengan kejadian Hepatitis B (p 0,086 &gt; α 0,05) dan terdapat hubungan antara perilaku berisiko tinggi remaja dengan kejadian Hepatitis B (p 0,002 &lt; α 0,05). Pengetahuan remaja terhadap Hepatitis B dan perilaku berisiko tinggi yang dilakukan remaja merupakan faktor penting yang perlu dikendalikan untuk menurunkan angka Hepatitis B. Sosialisasi pengetahuan Hepatitis B diperlukan untuk memperoleh pemahaman tentang virus, penyebabnya, saluran penyebarannya, bagaimana menghentikan penyebarannya, dan penanganan apa yang harus dilakukan jika terjangkit virus Hepatitis B