Glossite proliferativa nodular bilateral em um cão com leishmaniose visceral canina : relato de caso

A Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) é uma doença infecciosa causada pela Leishmania spp., um protozoário intracelular obrigatório que possui potencial zoonótico. Os sinais clínicos costumam ser variados e inespecíficos, sendo lesões na cavidade oral consideradas reações raras e atípicas desta doença. O presente trabalho visa relatar um caso de glossite proliferativa bilateral ventral contendo formas amastigotas da Leishmania spp. em mucosa sublingual de um canino. Foi atendido um canino, SRD, macho, 4 anos de idade com queixa de apatia, algia e dificuldade na deambulação com claudicação eventual. Ao exame físico foram observados aumento das articulações dos carpos, linfadenomegalia generalizada, intensa halitose e lesão granulomatosa bilateral na mucosa sublingual. Foram realizados hemograma, bioquímicos, punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) e exames de imagem. A PAAF foi realizada da região sublingual e linfonodos periféricos, e revelou a presença de formas amastigotas da Leishmania spp. O animal foi estabilizado e tratado com um leishmanicida, um leishmaniostático e um imunomodulador, apresentando boa resposta ao tratamento com regressão completa da lesão oral e demais sinais. Atualmente encontra-se estável e em processo de redução da titulação para leishmaniose. Conclui-se que o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina pode ser um desafio, devido aos sinais clínicos variados e inespecíficos, e embora não se trate de uma manifestação comum à doença, o envolvimento da cavidade oral pode ocorrer. Visto isso, lesões em cavidade oral devem ser investigadas e a leishmaniose colocada como diagnóstico diferencial, principalmente em áreas consideradas endêmicas.Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis (CVL) is an infectious disease caused by Leishmania spp., a mandatory intracellular protozoan that has zoonotic potential. Clinical signs are usually variable and nonspecific, being lesions in the oral cavity considered as rare and atypical lesions of this disease. This paper aims to report a case of bilateral ventral proliferative glossitis that contains amastigotes of Leishmania spp. in a dog's sublingual mucosa. A mongrel male 4-years-old dog presented for apathy, pain and ambulation difficulty with eventual lameness. Physical examination revealed an increase in carpal joints, generalized lymphadenomegaly, intense halitosis and bilateral granulomatous lesion in the sublingual mucosa. Blood work, biochemistry, fine needle aspiration (FNAP) and imaging exams were performed. FNA was performed in the sublingual region and peripheral lymph nodes and revealed the presence of amastigote forms of Leishmania spp. The animal was stabilized and treated with a leishmanicide, a leishmaniostatic and an immunomodulator, showed a good response to treatment with complete regression of oral lesions and other signs. Currently, it is stable and in the process of reducing the titration for leishmaniasis. It was concluded that the diagnosis of visceral canine leishmaniasis can be a challenge, due to variable and nonspecific clinical signs, and even though it is not a usual manifestation of the disease, the involvement of the oral cavity may occur. Thus, oral cavity lesions should be investigated and considered as a differential diagnosis, especially in endemic areas

Tenossinovite vilonodular pigmentada (tumor de células gigantes da bainha tendínea) tarsal em um cão

A 12-year-old female mixed-breed dog presented with lameness, pain, and an enlarged, non-ulcerated, nodular mass in the region proximal to the tarsal joint of the right pelvic limb. Surgical excision was performed, revealing a 6.5 cm mass adherent to the deep flexor tendon and adjacent tissues. The cut section had cysts filled with blackened clotted material, which exuded reddish serous fluid. Microscopically, the cysts were filled with red blood cells and were either denuded or covered by synoviocytes. In addition, the mass was characterized by marked fibrovascular connective tissue associated with siderophages and multinucleated giant cells. These findings were consistent with those of pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis, a rare condition affecting several animal species and humans.Uma cadela de 12 anos, sem raça definida, apresentou claudicação, algia e aumento de volume não ulcerado, de aspecto nodular, na região proximal à articulação do tarso do membro pélvico direito. A excisão cirúrgica foi optada e revelou uma massa de 6,5 cm de diâmetro, aderida ao tendão flexor profundo e aos tecidos adjacentes. Ao corte, exsudava líquido seroso avermelhado e cistos preenchidos por material coagulado enegrecido foram observados. Microscopicamente, a massa apresentava formações císticas frequentemente preenchidas por hemácias, que encontravam-se ora revestidas por sinoviócitos, ora desnudas. Havia ainda acentuada quantidade de tecido fibrovascular associado a siderófagos e células gigantes multinucleadas. Esses achados foram consistentes com tenossinovite vilonodular pigmentada, uma rara condição que afeta diversas espécies de animais e humanos

Desnervação acetabular crânio lateral em cães com displasia coxofemoral: associar ou não com tenectomia pectínea, tenotomia do iliopsoas e desnervação ventral?

Objetivou-se avaliar o alívio da dor em 20 cães com displasia coxofemoral após tenectomia pectínea, tenotomia do músculo iliopsoas, desnervação crânio lateral e ventral no antímero esquerdo, comparando com a realização da desnervação crânio lateral no direito. Foi avaliada a musculatura, andadura e testes específicos como testes de abdução e rotação ou extensão e do iliopsoas. A redução da claudicação e ganho de massa muscular foi significante no retorno de 60 dias nos dois grupos. Nos cães jovens a diferença do ganho de massa nos membros esquerdo (3,79 cm) e direito (3,6 cm) foi insignificante. Nos adultos houve diferença no ganho de massa, 0,55 cm e 1,13 cm respectivamente. Nos testes específicos das articulações ocorreu redução da dor significante nas duas articulações já a partir do retorno de 7 dias, diminuindo de forma gradativa até os 60 dias quando a diferença entre o esquerdo (1,61) e direito (1,55) foi insignificante, mostrando que a realização somente da desnervação crânio lateral é o suficiente para promover alívio da dor em cães com displasia coxofemoral

Canine Perineal Hypospadias

Background: Hypospadias is a congenital malformation, rarely reported in dogs, caused by a failure of the urogenital folds to fuse during fetal development resulting in incomplete formation of the penile urethra. The inadequate production of fetal androgens is believed to be the etiology of this condition. It is characterized by urethra and corpus spongiosum defciency, often accompanied by penile underdevelopment, and cryptorchidism. Classifcation is based on anatomical location of the urethral meatus opening as glandular, penile, perineal, anal, and scrotal. The aim of this paper is to report a case of perineal hypospadias in a male, six-month old French bulldog, describing the therapeutic approach. Case: A six month old male French bulldog, weighing 14.3 kg, was presented for a veterinarian appointment at the Department of Veterinary Medicine (Federal University of Sergipe, Brazil) due to a prolapsed nictitans gland and abnormalities of its genitalia. The medical records included recurrent urinary infection, presence of ectoparasites (thick) and ehrlichiosis, previously treated with doxycycline for 28 days (5 mg/kg/BID). During physical examination, the patient was bright and alert showing a good overall body condition. Temperature, pulse, respiration, thoracic auscultation and lymph nodes were within normal limits. Abdominal palpation was unremarkable. Inspection of the external genitalia was conclusive for bifd scrotum containing both testicles, incomplete fusion of the distal penile urethra, a vestigial penis, and an incomplete preputial cover. The urethral meatus was located ventral to the anus, in the perineal region between the testicles. It was also observed the presence of fecal material in the region where the urethra was opened, predisposing the animal to bacterial infections. However, no macroscopic sign of bacterial infection was noticed at the time of the appointment. Complementary exams such as complete blood count (CBC), urinalysis, two projections of contrast radiography, and abdominal ultrasound were requested. Orchiectomy and penile amputation were undertaken. Postoperative Enrofloxacin and Ketoprofen were prescribed. The dog returned for reevaluation and showed excellent recovery. Discussion: French bulldog seems to be more affected than other breeds by several congenital diseases, including hypospadias. The reported hypospadias was classifed as perineal, that is considered the most common type of hypospadias among dogs. Urinary infection was related by the tutor and that most likely occurred due to the urethral meatus opening location, which facilitates contamination by fecal coliforms. The CBC showed an absolute lymphopenia probably caused by the infection previously diagnosed. Urinalysis showed no alterations. The contrast radiography showed that there was not penile urethra, which one was ending ventral to the anus. The detailed examination was important to establish a defnitive diagnosis, to choose the best surgical technique and the most effective therapy. Both testicles and penis were nonfunctional, leading to the choice of orchiectomy and penile amputation, avoiding dryness and/or injuries due to penile and preputial mucosa exposure. Urethrostomy was not performed given the location of the urethra and the fact that he did not expressed signs of dysuria, not justifying the use of this technique. Although it is rare, hypospadias is a pathological condition that must be properly diagnosed and treated because it interferes not only in the animal esthetics, but also in its health and quality of life, as it predisposes the occurrence of infections and other possible complications. Keywords: malformation, penis, prepuce, canin