A hybrid MBE-based growth method for large-area synthesis of stacked hexagonal boron nitride/graphene heterostructures

Van der Waals heterostructures combining hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene offer many potential advantages, but remain difficult to produce as continuous films over large areas. In particular, the growth of h-BN on graphene has proven to be challenging due to the inertness of the graphene surface. Here we exploit a scalable molecular beam epitaxy based method to allow both the h-BN and graphene to form in a stacked heterostructure in the favorable growth environment provided by a Ni(111) substrate. This involves first saturating a Ni film on MgO(111) with C, growing h-BN on the exposed metal surface, and precipitating the C back to the h-BN/Ni interface to form graphene. The resulting laterally continuous heterostructure is composed of a top layer of few-layer thick h-BN on an intermediate few-layer thick graphene, lying on top of Ni/MgO(111). Examinations by synchrotron-based grazing incidence diffraction, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and UV-Raman spectroscopy reveal that while the h-BN is relaxed, the lattice constant of graphene is significantly reduced, likely due to nitrogen doping. These results illustrate a different pathway for the production of h-BN/graphene heterostructures, and open a new perspective for the large-area preparation of heterosystems combining graphene and other 2D or 3D materials

Vibrational properties of single-wall nanotubes and monolayers of hexagonal BN

We report a detailed study of the vibrational properties of BN single-walled nanotubes and of the BN monolayer. Our results have been obtained from a well-established Tight-Binding model complemented with an electrostatic model to account for the long-range interactions arising from the polar nature of the material, and which are not included in the Tight-Binding model. Our study provides a wealth of data for the BN monolayer and nanotubes, such as phonon band structure, vibrational density of states, elastic constants, etc. For the nanotubes we obtain the behavior of the optically active modes as a function of the structural parameters, and we compare their frequencies with those derived from a zone-folding treatment applied to the phonon frequencies of the BN monolayer, finding general good agreement between the two.Comment: 14 pages with 10 postscript figures, to appear in PRB, January 15th 200