Forest and Prairie in Three Northwestern Indiana Counties

The modifying influence of civilized man on natural vegetation is so rapid and so extensive that it becomes a difficult problem after a century or more to picture the original vegetation cover. The task is still more difficult when one attempts to express the vegetation in quantitative terms. Today the taxonomists scour the railway right-of-way for specimens of prairie plants for the prairie itself with its plant sociology has vanished. We will never be able adequately to reconstruct this vegetation complex, and we can only with difficulty draw its former boundary. Even though the surveyors of the original United States land survey, whose records form the basis of this study, made copious notes on prairie areas, it is likely that sedge-meadow type of vegetation was included under their classification of wet prairie. If the term actually described areas dominated by typical prairie grasses, then Indiana at that time had wet prairie, dry prairie and a transition type of prairie and forest association, park-like in nature, which might be called oak openings

Field-induced transition of the magnetic ground state from A-type antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic order in CsCo2Se2

We report on the magnetic properties of CsCo$_2$Se$_2$ with ThCr$_2$Si$_2$ structure, which we have characterized through a series of magnetization and neutron diffraction measurements. We find that CsCo$_2$Se2$_2$ undergoes a phase transition to an antiferromagnetically ordered state with a N\'eel temperature of $T_{\rm N} \approx$ 66 K. The nearest neighbour interactions are ferromagnetic as observed by the positive Curie-Weiss temperature of $\Theta \approx$ 51.0 K. We find that the magnetic structure of CsCo$_2$Se$_2$ consists of ferromagnetic sheets, which are stacked antiferromagnetically along the tetragonal \textit{c}-axis, generally referred to as A-type antiferromagnetic order. The observed magnitude of the ordered magnetic moment at $T$ = 1.5 K is found to be only 0.20(1)$\mu_{\rm Bohr}$/Co. Already in comparably small magnetic fields of $\mu_0 H_{MM}$(5K) $\approx$ 0.3 T, we observe a metamagnetic transition that can be attributed to spin-rearrangements of CsCo$_2$Se$_2$, with the moments fully ferromagnetically saturated in a magnetic field of $\mu_0 H_{\rm FM}$(5K) $\approx$ 6.4 T. We discuss the entire experimentally deduced magnetic phase diagram for CsCo$_2$Se$_2$ with respect to its unconventionally weak magnetic coupling. Our study characterizes CsCo$_2$Se$_2$, which is chemically and electronically posed closely to the $A_xFe_{2-y}Se_2$ superconductors, as a host of versatile magnetic interactions

A Look at the NEB-OT

A reviewer of the New English Bible (NEB) is inclined to compare this text with that of the 18-year-old Revised Version (RSV) and the new Jerusalem Bible. Before he compares these three versions, he needs to note the difference in backgrounds in each case. The RSV is, of course, not a new translation, but as the name indicates, it is a revision of the old King James Version. Its purpose is to bring the Authorized Version up-to-date, modernizing words and phrases that might not be intelligible to the reader of the 20th century

Anxiety, Stress, Depression, and Patients’ Responses to Periodontal Treatment: Periodontists’ Knowledge and Professional Behavior

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142063/1/jper0064.pd

Brief Studies

The Book of Psalms The Window in the Ark Classics in the Senior Colleg

Educating Dental Students About Diet–Related Behavior Change: Does Experiential Learning Work?

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153566/1/jddj002203372014781tb05658x.pd

XMM-Newton observations of the eastern jet of SS433

The radio supernova remnant W50 hosts at its center the peculiar galactic X-ray binary SS 433. It shows a central spherical structure with two `ears' which are supposed to be formed by the interaction of the precessing jets of SS 433 with the supernova shell. In two pointings in September/October 2004 for 30 ks each the eastern jet of SS 433 was observed with XMM-Newton to study the outermost parts of the `ear' and the X-ray bright emission region about 35 arcmin from SS 433. The spectra consist of two components: a non-thermal power law with photon index \Gamma ~ 2.17+/-0.02 and a thermal component at a typical temperature of kT ~ 0.3 keV. The X-ray emission seems to fill the whole interior region of the radio remnant W50. The jet terminates in the eastern `ear' in a ring-like terminal shock which indicates a flow with a kind of hollow-cone morphology. The spatial coincidence of X-ray and radio emission suggests physical conditions similar to those found at the outer shocks of ordinary supernova remnants. The bright emission region closer to SS 433 radiates non-thermally in a spatially well confined geometry at higher X-ray energies. At soft X-rays the shape of the region gets blurred, centered on the hard lenticular emission. The shape of this region and the bend in the jet propagation direction might be caused by the interaction of a re-collimated jet with the outer, non homogeneous interstellar matter distribution. The physical conditions leading to the re-collimation of the jet and the peculiar emission morphology are far from being understood and require deeper observations as well as a detailed modeling of the interaction of a jet with its surroundings.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, to appear in A&

Experimental and computational analyses reveal that environmental restrictions shape HIV-1 spread in 3D cultures

Here, using an integrative experimental and computational approach, Imle et al. show how cell motility and density affect HIV cell-associated transmission in a three-dimensional tissue-like culture system of CD4+ T cells and collagen, and how different collagen matrices restrict infection by cell-free virions