Antinociceptive effect of Teucrium polium leaf extract in the diabetic rat formalin test

This Study was designed to evaluate the analgesic effect of Teucrium polium leaf extract in the diabetic rat formalin test. For this purpose, streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats received intraperitoneal injection of this extract (100 and 200 mg/kg per day) for a period of 2 weeks. It was found out that Teucrium polium-treated diabetic rats exhibited a lower nociceptive score as compared to untreated diabetics. The results may suggest therapeutic potential of Teucrium polium extract for the treatment of diabetic hyperalgesia. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Quinapril attenuates the effect of long-term L-NAME administration on the vascular reactivity of diabetic rats

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors including quinapril could exert a protective effect on cardiovascular system through endothelial system in normoglycemic and diabetic rats. The present experimental work was designed to study the vascular reactivity of aortic ring segments isolated from streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats treated for 4 weeks with nitro-L-arginine- methyl ester (L-NAME; 50 mg/100 ml) or L-NAME plus quinapril (10 mg/100 ml) in drinking water. The results showed that quinapril treatment significantly attenuated the augmented contractile response to phenylephrine and KCl in diabetic rats. In addition, quinapril treatment partially restored the reduced contractile response in diabetic animals treated chronically with L-NAME. It can be concluded that quinapril could partly counteract the effect of long-term L-NAME administration on vascular reactivity in STZ-diabetic rats

Antinociceptive effect of Allium schoenoprasum L. oral feeding in male diabetic rats

زمینه و هدف: هیپرآلژزی یکی از علایم بارز دیابت قندی در میان مدت محسوب می شود که بر کیفیت زندگی افراد مبتلا تاثیر دارد. در این بررسی اثر ضد دردی تجویز خوراکی و دراز مدت برگ سیر کوهی در موش های صحرایی دیابتی شده مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی 40 راس موش صحرایی به پنج گروه کنترل، کنترل تحت تیمار با گیاه، دیابتی دریافت کننده سدیم سالیسیلات، دیابتی و دیابتی تیمار شده با گیاه تقسیم شدند. دو گروه تحت تیمار با گیاه، پودر برگ مخلوط شده این گیاه با غذای استاندارد موش (3) را به مدت 8 هفته دریافت نمودند. در پایان کار، میزان احساس درد با استفاده از آزمون های فرمالین و غوطه وری دم در آب داغ تعیین شد. میانگین درد در ده دقیقه اول بعد از تزریق فرمالین به عنوان مرحله حاد و در دقایق 16 تا 60 به عنوان مرحله مزمن در نظر گرفته شد. یافته ها: درمان با برگ گیاه سیر کوهی موجب کاهش معنی دار نمرات درد موش های دیابتی از 14/0±41/2 به 12/0±01/2 فقط در مرحله مزمن آزمون فرمالین گردید (05/0

Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates behavioral abnormality in hemi-parkinsonian rat

Background: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major constituent of green tea, has been introduced as a potent free radical scavenger and can effectively reduce free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. Since free radical injury plays an important role in neuronal damage in Parkinson's disease (PD), this study examined whether EGCG administration would reduce functional asymmetry in an experimental model of PD in male Wistar rats. Methods: For this purpose, unilateral intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats were intraperitoneally pretreated with EGCG (40 mg/Kg) 2 hours before surgery and daily (20 mg/Kg) for a period of 2 weeks post-surgery. Apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced rotations were measured pre- and post-surgery after 2 weeks. Results: The results showed that there are 35.1 (P<0.05) and 33.2 (P<0.05) reductions in controversies apomorphine- and ipsiversive amphetamine-induced rotations in EGCG-treatedlesioned group respectively as compared to the untreated lesioned group at 2nd week post-surgery. Conclusion: Taken together, these results showed that two-week administration of EGCG could attenuate the drug-induced behavioral abnormalities in this model of PD

The role of L-type calcium channels in the vascular effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. in diabetic rats

Some ion channels like voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCC) within the plasma membrane of vascular muscle cells from the walls of resistance arteries and arterioles play a central role in the regulation of vascular tone. On the basis of reports about the beneficial attenuating effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.; TFG) on the contractile reactivity of aortic rings of diabetic rats, this study was carried out to evaluate the possible involvement of L-type voltage-operated calcium channels in the vascular effect of this medicinal plant. For this purpose, male Wistar rats were made diabetic using streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/Kg, i.p). The extract-treated control and diabetic rats received aqueous leaf extract of TFG (200 mg/Kg, i.p.) every other day for two months. At the end of the study, contractile response of isolated aortic rings to KCl and noreadrenaline (NA) was determined in the absence and presence of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine. The results showed that aortic rings from diabetic rats are more responsive to the effect of KCl and NA than those of controls, TFG extract treatment could attenuate the enhanced contractile response of aortic rings of diabetic rats, and nifedipine pretreatment could partially neutralize the beneficial effect of this extract. It is concluded that TFG extract attenuates the enhanced vascular reactivity in chronic diabetic rats and voltage-operated calcium channels are in part responsible for this effect of TFG extract

The effect of lidocaine spray early after tonsillectomy on pain and vomiting

زمینه و هدف: تانسیلکتومی (tonsillectomy) یکی از شایعترین اعمال جراحی است که با عوارضی نظیر استفراغ و درد همراه می باشد. در این مطالعه اثر اسپری لیدوکائین در کاهش عوارض مذکور بررسی شده است. روش مطالعه: این مطالعه یک کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی دو سویه کور می باشد که در طی پنج ماه روی 100 بیمار که با رعایت تصادفی سازی به دو گروه مورد و شاهد تقسیم شده بودند انجام گرفت. در گروه مورد بلافاصله بعد از اتمام تانسیلکتومی در بستر لوزه اسپری لیدوکائین 10 mg/kg)4) و در گروه کنترل همان حجم اسپری نرمال سالین به عنوان دارونما استفاده شد. مقدار استامینوفن مصرفی توسط بیماران در سه روز بعد از عمل در پرسشنامه هایی ثبت شد. نتایج: میانگین و انحراف معیار دفعات مصرف استامینوفن بر حسب mg/kg/day در گروه کنترل به ترتیب 43/1±01/3، 62/1±80/2 و 2/1±86/1 در روز اول، دوم و سوم بعد از عمل محاسبه شد و در گروه مورد این مقادیر به ترتیب 92/0±3/1، 02/1±07/1 و 83/0±94/0 بدست آمد. میانگین و انحراف معیار مقدار مصرف استامینوفن بر حسب mg/kg/day در گروه کنترل در روزهای اول و دوم و سوم بعد از عمل به ترتیب 02/13±93/28، 40/12±46/26 و 41/12±3/18 بود و درگروه مورد به ترتیب ارقام 71/9±07/12، 71/7±39/10 و 23/6±03/9 بدست آمد. با توجه به آنالیز نتایج با تست t، مقدار و دفعات مصرف استامینوفن در گروه مورد به طور معنی داری از گروه کنترل کمتر بود ولی کاهش استفراغ در گروه مورد از نظر آماری معنی دار نبود. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج فوق، مصرف لیدوکائین بعد از عمل تانسیلکتومی برای بیماران مفید به نظر می رسد

The effect of quinapril on the aortic contractile response of streptozotocin-diabetic rats

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors appear to correct many of the abnormalities associated with the vascular dysfunction found in diabetic patients. In this respect, quinapril is a unique ACE inhibitor with multiple protective effects. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of intraperitoneal administration of quinapril on the aortic reactivity of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. For this purpose, male Wistar rats received one injection of streptozotocin (STZ), 60 mg/kg, to induce diabetes. Three days after STZ injection, rats were treated with quinapril (2 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks, after that aortic reactivity to vasoactive agents were compared with those of untreated diabetic rats or non-diabetic control rats. For this purpose, contractile response to phenylephrine (PE) was obtained from aortic rings. Concentration-response curves from quinapril-treated diabetic rats to PE in the presence and absence of endothelium were attenuated as compared to vehicle-treated diabetics. Therefore, the 4-week treatment of diabetic rats with quinapril could prevent the functional changes in vascular reactivity in diabetic rats

The Effect of Flavonoid Naringenin on Contractile Response of Thoracic Aorta Isolated from Diabetic Rats

Abstract: Background & Aims: Considering increasing incidence of cardiovascular disorders in diabetes mellitus and some evidence on antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of naringenin, this study was conducted to evaluate the beneficial effects of 6-week administration of naringenin on contractile reactivity of isolated thoracic aorta in diabetic rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into control, naringenin-treated control, diabetic and glibenclamide-treated, and naringenin-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotcin (STZ) was administered (60 mg/Kg). Naringenin (10 mg/kg) was administered i.p. one week after diabetes induction in every other day intervals for 6 weeks. Serum glucose level was measured before naringenin administration and at 6th week. Finally, contractile reactivity of thoracic aortic rings to KCl and phenylephrine (PE) was cumulatively determined. Results: Serum glucose level at week 6 showed a significant decrease in naringenin-treated diabetic group compared to diabetics (P<0.01). In addition, naringenin-treated diabetic group showed a significantly lower contraction to PE (P<0.05) as compared to diabetic group and such significant reduction was also observed for KCl (P<0.05). Meanwhile, there was also a significant difference between control and naringenin-treated control groups regarding their contractile reactivity to PE (P<0.05). Conclusion: Subchronic administration of naringenin for 6 weeks could exert an anti-hyperglycemic effect and lowers contractile responsiveness of thoracic aorta rings to KCl and phenylephrine. Keywords: Naringenin, Diabetes mellitus, Aorta, Contractilit

Antinociceptive effect of Teucrium polium leaf extract in the diabetic rat formalin test

This study was designed to evaluate the analgesic effect of Teucrium polium leaf extract in the diabetic rat formalin test. For this purpose, streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats received intraperitoneal injection of this extract (100 and 200 mg/kg per day) for a period of 2 weeks. It was found out that Teucrium polium-treated diabetic rats exhibited a lower nociceptive score as compared to untreated diabetics. The results may suggest therapeutic potential of Teucrium polium extract for the treatment of diabetic hyperalgesia. © 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Chronic oral pelargonidin alleviates streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathic hyperalgesia in rat: Involvement of oxidative stress

Background: Diabetes mellitus in some clinical cases is accompanied with hyperalgesia. In this study, we evaluated the possible beneficial effect of chronic pelargonidin (PG) treatment on hyperalgesia in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic neuropathic rat. Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 56) were divided into seven groups, i.e. control, diabetic, PG-treated control, PG (single- and multiple-dose)-treated diabetic, and sodium salicylate-treated control and diabetics. For induction of diabetes, STZ was injected i.p. at a single dose of 60 mg/kg. PG was orally administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg once and/or on alternate days for 8 weeks; 1 week after diabetes induction. After two months, hyperalgesia was assessed using standard formalin and hot tail immersion tests. Meanwhile, markers of oxidative stress in brain were measured. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: Diabetic rats showed a marked chemical and thermal hyperalgesia, indicating that development of diabetic neuropathy and PG treatment (especially multiple-doses) significantly ameliorated the alteration in hyperalgesia (P<0.05-0.01) in diabetic rats as compared to untreated diabetics. PG (multiple doses) also significantly decreased diabetes-induced thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation and non-significantly reversed elevation of nitrite level and reduction of antioxidant defensive enzyme superoxide dismutase. Conclusion: These results clearly suggest that PG prevents diabetic neuropathic hyperalgesia through attenuation of oxidative stress