Identifying and correcting spatial bias in opportunistic citizen science data for wild ungulates in Norway

Many publications make use of opportunistic data, such as citizen science observation data, to infer large-scale properties of species’ distributions. However, the few publications that use opportunistic citizen science data to study animal ecology at a habitat level do so without accounting for spatial biases in opportunistic records or using methods that are difficult to generalize. In this study, we explore the biases that exist in opportunistic observations and suggest an approach to correct for them. We first examined the extent of the biases in opportunistic citizen science observations of three wild ungulate species in Norway by comparing them to data from GPS telemetry. We then quantified the extent of the biases by specifying a model of the biases. From the bias model, we sampled available locations within the species’ home range. Along with opportunistic observations, we used the corrected availability locations to estimate a resource selection function (RSF). We tested this method with simulations and empirical datasets for the three species. We compared the results of our correction method to RSFs obtained using opportunistic observations without correction and to RSFs using GPS-telemetry data. Finally, we compared habitat suitability maps obtained using each of these models. Opportunistic observations are more affected by human access and visibility than locations derived from GPS telemetry. This has consequences for drawing inferences about species’ ecology. Models naïvely using opportunistic observations in habitat-use studies can result in spurious inferences. However, sampling availability locations based on the spatial biases in opportunistic data improves the estimation of the species’ RSFs and predicted habitat suitability maps in some cases. This study highlights the challenges and opportunities of using opportunistic observations in habitat-use studies. While our method is not foolproof it is a first step toward unlocking the potential of opportunistic citizen science data for habitat-use studiespublishedVersio

The Danish Atrial Fibrillation Registry:A Multidisciplinary National Pragmatic Initiative for Monitoring and Supporting Quality of Care Based on Data Retrieved from Administrative Registries

AIM: The Danish Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Registry monitors and supports improvement of quality of care for all AF patients in Denmark. This report describes the registry's administrative and organizational structure, data sources, data flow, data analyses, annual reporting, and feedback between the registry, clinicians, and the administrative system. We also report the selection process of the quality indicators and the temporal trends in results from 2017-2021.METHODS AND RESULTS: The Danish AF Registry aims for complete registration and monitoring of care for all patients diagnosed with AF in Denmark. Administrative registries provide data on contacts to general practice, contacts to private cardiology practice, hospital contacts, medication prescriptions, updated vital status information, and biochemical test results. The Danish Stroke Registry provides information on stroke events. From 2017 to 2021, the proportion with a reported echocardiography among incident AF patients increased from 39.9% (95% CI: 39.3-40.6) to 82.6% (95% CI: 82.1-83.1). The initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy among patients with incident AF and a CHA2DS2-VASc score of ≥1 in men and ≥2 in women increased from 85.3% (95% CI: 84.6-85.9) to 90.4% (95% CI: 89.9-91.0). The 1-year and 2-year persistence increased from 85.2% (95% CI: 84.5-85.9) to 88.7% (95% CI: 88.0-89.3), and from 85.4% (95% CI: 84.7-86.2) to 88.2% (95% CI: 87.5-88.8), respectively. The 1-year risk of ischemic stroke among prevalent patients with AF decreased from 0.88% (95% CI: 0.83-0.93) to 0.71% (95% CI: 0.66-0.75). Variation in clinical performance between the five administrative Danish regions was reduced.CONCLUSION: Continuous nationwide monitoring of quality indicators for AF originating from administrative registries is feasible and supportive of improvements of quality of care.</p

Development of a web tool for Escherichia coli subtyping based on fimH alleles:Running title: Development of E. coli fimH sub-typing web-tool

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to construct a valid publicly available method for in silico fimH subtyping of Escherichia coli particularly suitable for differentiation of fine-resolution subgroups within clonal groups defined by standard multilocus sequence typing (MLST). FimTyper was constructed as a FASTA database containing all currently known fimH alleles. The software source code is publicly available at https://bitbucket.org/genomicepidemiology/fimtyper , the database is freely available at https://bitbucket.org/genomicepidemiology/fimtyper_db , and a service implementing the software is available at https://cge.cbs.dtu.dk/services/FimTyper . FimTyper was validated on three data sets: one containing Sanger sequences of fimH alleles of 42 E. coli isolates generated prior to the current study (data set 1), one containing whole-genome sequence (WGS) data of 243 third-generation-cephalosporin-resistant E. coli isolates (data set 2), and one containing a randomly chosen subset of 40 E. coli isolates from data set 2 that were subjected to conventional fimH subtyping (data set 3). The combination of the three data sets enabled an evaluation and comparison of FimTyper on both Sanger sequences and WGS data. FimTyper correctly predicted all 42 fimH subtypes from the Sanger sequences from data set 1 and successfully analyzed all 243 draft genomes from data set 2. FimTyper subtyping of the Sanger sequences and WGS data from data set 3 were in complete agreement. Additionally, fimH subtyping was evaluated on a phylogenetic network of 122 sequence type 131 (ST131) E. coli isolates. There was perfect concordance between the typology and fimH -based subclones within ST131, with accurate identification of the pandemic multidrug-resistant clonal subgroup ST131- H 30. FimTyper provides a standardized tool, as a rapid alternative to conventional fimH subtyping, highly suitable for surveillance and outbreak detection. </jats:p

Weather affects temporal niche partitioning between moose and livestock

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Biologiske undersøkelser i Gjerstadvassdraget – Vurdering av forsuringstilstand og påvirkninger

NIBIO og Faun har på oppdrag for Statsforvalteren i Agder gjennomført biologiske undersøkelser i nedre deler av Gjerstadvassdraget for å vurdere forsuringstilstanden. Tre av fem bekker havnet i moderat tilstand for forsuring. Begroingsalgene viste moderat tilstand for forsuring i to av fem bekker. Bunndyrprøvene indikerte god eller bedre tilstand for både forsuring og eutrofiering i fire av fem bekker. Vårprøvene i Espevikbekken indikerte at det oppstår forsuringshendelser på våren. Fiskeundersøkelsene viste gode tettheter av både årsyngel og eldre ungfisk i begge bekkene som ble undersøkt, tilsvarende svært god økologisk tilstand. Prøver av krepsdyr i Holtefjorden og Vasstøvannet indikerte god tilstand

Biologiske undersøkelser i Gjerstadvassdraget – Vurdering av forsuringstilstand og påvirkninger

NIBIO og Faun har på oppdrag for Statsforvalteren i Agder gjennomført biologiske undersøkelser i nedre deler av Gjerstadvassdraget for å vurdere forsuringstilstanden. Tre av fem bekker havnet i moderat tilstand for forsuring. Begroingsalgene viste moderat tilstand for forsuring i to av fem bekker. Bunndyrprøvene indikerte god eller bedre tilstand for både forsuring og eutrofiering i fire av fem bekker. Vårprøvene i Espevikbekken indikerte at det oppstår forsuringshendelser på våren. Fiskeundersøkelsene viste gode tettheter av både årsyngel og eldre ungfisk i begge bekkene som ble undersøkt, tilsvarende svært god økologisk tilstand. Prøver av krepsdyr i Holtefjorden og Vasstøvannet indikerte god tilstand

E18 Rugtvedt – Dørdal. Miljøovervåking anleggsperioden 2016-2019. Sammenfattende rapport.

Rapporten sammenfatter alle resultater for undersøkte vannforekomster og stasjoner langs ny E18 Rugtvedt – Dørdal, både før og under anlegg i perioden 2016 – 2019. Presenterte resultater omfatter biologiske kvalitetselementer, vannanalyser og automatisk overvåking av vannkvalitet. Resultatene har blitt klassifisert og vurdert i henhold til Direktoratgruppen for vannforskriftens Veileder 02:2018. Klassifisering av økologisk tilstand har blitt gjort ut fra indekser for biologiske kvalitetselementer og kjemisk tilstand har blitt vurdert etter typifisering og klassifisering basert på årlige middelverdier for vannkjemi....publishedVersio