Facebook use and adolescents self-esteem: contributes of the adaptation of Ellison Facebook use scales

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Validação da Escala de Resiliência de Wagnild & Young para a população portuguesa

O presente estudo visa a validação da escala psicométrica de resiliência desenvolvida por Wagnild & Young para a população portuguesa a partir da validação preliminar desenvolvida por Vara e Sani (2006). A escala a validar é composta por 25 afirmações que requerem o posicionamento do inquirido entre 7 pontos da escala de Likert. A validação psicométrica do questionário de resiliência de Wagnild & Young desenvolveu-se a partir da Análise Fatorial Exploratória onde foram identificadas as dimensões mais significativas que a escala apresenta através do estudo da confiabilidade e da Análise Fatorial Confirmatória. Utilizando uma amostra de 313 inquiridos, analisou-se a confiabilidade da escala e a validação do construto obteve-se a partir da análise fatorial, utilizando o coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach para avaliação da consistência interna da escala. Determinaram-se como fatores: satisfação com a vida (F1), planificação-disciplina (F2) e independência (F3) e verificou-se uma correlação média positiva entre os 3 fatores. A análise fatorial confirmatória apresentou valores ótimos de índice de ajuste Comparativo (.988) e da Raíz da Média dos Quadrados dos Erros de Aproximação (.025), pelo que concluímos que estamos perante um ótimo ajuste ao modelo. Globalmente, os valores dos principais indicadores globais de ajustamento do modelo resultantes da análise fatorial confirmatória expressam a sua qualidade. Como valores de consistência interna dos três fatores recorreu-se ao coeficiente de Alpha de Cronbach obtendo-se os valores ótimos de .798 (escala geral), .747 no fator 1 «satisfação com a vida», .712 no fator 2 «planificação – disciplina» e .632 no fator 3 «independência».The present study aims to validate the psychometric scale resilience developed by Wagnild & Young for the Portuguese population from the preliminary validation developed by Vara and Sani (2006). The scale consists of 25 validate assertions that require the placement of respondent between 7 points Likert scale. Psychometric validation of the resiliency Wagnild & Young questionnaire was developed from the exploratory factor analysis where the most significant dimensions that scale features through the study of reliability and confirmatory factor analysis were identified. Using a sample of 313 respondents, we analyzed the scale reliability and construct validation was obtained from the factor analysis, using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for internal consistency of the scale. Were determined as factors: satisfaction with life (F1),planning discipline (F2) and independence (F3) and there was a positive correlation between the average three factors. Confirmatory factor analysis showed excellent index values Comparative (.988) adjustment and the Root Mean Squares of Errors of Approximation (.025), so we conclude that this is an optimal fit to the model. Overall, the values of the key indicators of overall fit of the model resulting from the confirmatory factor analysis to express its quality. As internal consistency of the three factors we used the coefficient of Cronbach Alpha obtaining the optimal values of .798 (overall scale), .747 on Factor 1 “satisfaction with life”,.712 on factor 2 “planning - discipline “and .632 in factor 3 ‘independence’.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Atitudes e coping proactivo no consumo de substâncias na adolescência

O presente estudo foca-se sobre o papel da atitude proactiva, assim como das atitudes de predisposição, índice de desagrado e percepção de satisfação no consumo de substâncias. Para isso, os autores recorreram a uma amostra de 418 alunos do ensino secundário, utilizando a Escala de Atitude Proactiva (Schwarzer,1999), que permite avaliar a percepção de recursos, com implicações para a motivação e acção, a Escala de Coping Proactivo (Greenglass, Schwarzer, & Taubert, 1999), e as Escalas de Atitudes em Relação ao Tabaco, Álcool e Drogas (García del Castillo & López, 2003), que permitem avaliar a atitude de predisposição, índice de desagrado e percepção de satisfação pelos consumos. Os resultados permitem perceber algumas diferenças de género nas atitudes e nos cursos frequentados, excepto na atitude e coping proactivo, e uma relação negativa entre a idade e atitudes em relação às drogas. Verificaram-se também diferenças na atitude de predisposição, índice de desagrado e percepção de satisfação sobre o consumo das substâncias de tabaco, álcool e drogas (marijuana, cocaína, crack e outros tipos de drogas). As atitudes e coping proactivas não se revelaram significativas na experiência, idade da primeira experiência ou intensidade do consumo. Apesar da relação entre atitude e coping proactivo com as atitudes em relação ao consumo de substâncias, não se verificou esta relação com o consumo. As implicações dos resultados são discutidas criticamente.This study aims to explore the role of proactive attitudes, as well as the predisposition attitudes, displeasure index and perceived satisfaction in substance use. To do that, the authors relied on a sample of 418 secondary school students using the Proactive Attitude Scale (Schwarzer, 1999), which evaluates the perception of resources, with implications for motivation and action, the Proactive Coping Scale (Greenglass, Schwarzer,& Taubert, 1999), and the Attitudes Toward Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Scales (García del Castillo &López, 2003), which measure the attitude of willingness, displeasure index and perceived satisfaction with substance use. The results allow us to understand some gender differences in attitudes and courses taken, except in the proactive attitude and coping, and a negative relationship between age and attitudes towards drugs. There were also differences in attitude predisposition, displeasure index and perceived satisfaction with the substances as tobacco, alcohol and drugs (marijuana, cocaine, crack and other drugs). Proactive attitudes and coping did not revealed significant role in experience, onset age or intensity of consumption. Although the relationship between attitude and proactive coping with attitudes toward substance use, this relationship did not exist with consumption. The implications of the results are critically discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of meningoencephalitis in patients with COVID-19

We investigated the incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcome of meningoencephalitis (ME) in patients with COVID-19 attending emergency departments (ED), before hospitalization. We retrospectively reviewed all COVID patients diagnosed with ME in 61 Spanish EDs (20% of Spanish EDs, COVID-ME) during the COVID pandemic. We formed two control groups: non-COVID patients with ME (non-COVID-ME) and COVID patients without ME (COVID-non-ME). Unadjusted comparisons between cases and controls were performed regarding 57 baseline and clinical characteristics and 4 outcomes. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical and serologic findings of COVID-ME and non-COVID-ME were also investigated. We identified 29 ME in 71,904 patients with COVID-19 attending EDs (0.40‰, 95%CI=0.27-0.58). This incidence was higher than that observed in non-COVID patients (150/1,358,134, 0.11‰, 95%CI=0.09-0.13; OR=3.65, 95%CI=2.45-5.44). With respect to non-COVID-ME, COVID-ME more frequently had dyspnea and chest X-ray abnormalities, and neck stiffness was less frequent (OR=0.3, 95%CI=0.1-0.9). In 69.0% of COVID-ME, CSF cells were predominantly lymphocytes, and SARS-CoV-2 antigen was detected by RT-PCR in 1 patient. The clinical characteristics associated with a higher risk of presenting ME in COVID patients were vomiting (OR=3.7, 95%CI=1.4-10.2), headache (OR=24.7, 95%CI=10.2-60.1), and altered mental status (OR=12.9, 95%CI=6.6-25.0). COVID-ME patients had a higher in-hospital mortality than non-COVID-ME patients (OR=2.26; 95%CI=1.04-4.48), and a higher need for hospitalization (OR=8.02; 95%CI=1.19-66.7) and intensive care admission (OR=5.89; 95%CI=3.12-11.14) than COVID-non-ME patients. ME is an unusual form of COVID presentation (<0.5‰ cases), but is more than 4-fold more frequent than in non-COVID patients attending the ED. As the majority of these MEs had lymphocytic predominance and in one patient SARS-CoV-2 antigen was detected in CSF, SARS-CoV-2 could be the cause of most of the cases observed. COVID-ME patients had a higher unadjusted in-hospital mortality than non-COVID-ME patients

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Complement component C4 structural variation and quantitative traits contribute to sex-biased vulnerability in systemic sclerosis

Altres ajuts: Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), "A way of making Europe".Copy number (CN) polymorphisms of complement C4 play distinct roles in many conditions, including immune-mediated diseases. We investigated the association of C4 CN with systemic sclerosis (SSc) risk. Imputed total C4, C4A, C4B, and HERV-K CN were analyzed in 26,633 individuals and validated in an independent cohort. Our results showed that higher C4 CN confers protection to SSc, and deviations from CN parity of C4A and C4B augmented risk. The protection contributed per copy of C4A and C4B differed by sex. Stronger protection was afforded by C4A in men and by C4B in women. C4 CN correlated well with its gene expression and serum protein levels, and less C4 was detected for both in SSc patients. Conditioned analysis suggests that C4 genetics strongly contributes to the SSc association within the major histocompatibility complex locus and highlights classical alleles and amino acid variants of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 as C4-independent signals

CARB-ES-19 Multicenter Study of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli From All Spanish Provinces Reveals Interregional Spread of High-Risk Clones Such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

ObjectivesCARB-ES-19 is a comprehensive, multicenter, nationwide study integrating whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CP-Kpn) and E. coli (CP-Eco) to determine their incidence, geographical distribution, phylogeny, and resistance mechanisms in Spain.MethodsIn total, 71 hospitals, representing all 50 Spanish provinces, collected the first 10 isolates per hospital (February to May 2019); CPE isolates were first identified according to EUCAST (meropenem MIC &gt; 0.12 mg/L with immunochromatography, colorimetric tests, carbapenem inactivation, or carbapenem hydrolysis with MALDI-TOF). Prevalence and incidence were calculated according to population denominators. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution method (EUCAST). All 403 isolates collected were sequenced for high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing, core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), and resistome analysis.ResultsIn total, 377 (93.5%) CP-Kpn and 26 (6.5%) CP-Eco isolates were collected from 62 (87.3%) hospitals in 46 (92%) provinces. CP-Kpn was more prevalent in the blood (5.8%, 50/853) than in the urine (1.4%, 201/14,464). The cumulative incidence for both CP-Kpn and CP-Eco was 0.05 per 100 admitted patients. The main carbapenemase genes identified in CP-Kpn were blaOXA–48 (263/377), blaKPC–3 (62/377), blaVIM–1 (28/377), and blaNDM–1 (12/377). All isolates were susceptible to at least two antibiotics. Interregional dissemination of eight high-risk CP-Kpn clones was detected, mainly ST307/OXA-48 (16.4%), ST11/OXA-48 (16.4%), and ST512-ST258/KPC (13.8%). ST512/KPC and ST15/OXA-48 were the most frequent bacteremia-causative clones. The average number of acquired resistance genes was higher in CP-Kpn (7.9) than in CP-Eco (5.5).ConclusionThis study serves as a first step toward WGS integration in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Spain. We detected important epidemiological changes, including increased CP-Kpn and CP-Eco prevalence and incidence compared to previous studies, wide interregional dissemination, and increased dissemination of high-risk clones, such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

Educación ambiental y sociedad. Saberes locales para el desarrollo y la sustentabilidad

EL LIBRO PERMITE REFLEXIONAR SOBRE LA IMPORTANCIA DE FOMENTAL LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL PARA RESOLVER LA PROBLEMÁTICA AMBIENTALEL LIBRO PRESENTA DIFERENTES TRABAJOS QUE ESTUDIAN EL TEMA D ELA SUSTENTABILIDAD, ENFATIZANDO LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y LA TRANSDISCIPLINANINGUN