Participação Social em Políticas Públicas de Cultura no Brasil (2003-2015)

Não se aplica.Tratamos de analisar, no período de reestruturação do Ministério da Cultura do Brasil desde 2003, as condições de produção de participação da sociedade civil nas políticas públicas de cultura, assim como os agentes sociais, suas estratégias e impactos de suas ações. São caracterizações baseadas em observação participante e levantamento bibliográfico, como parte de nossa dissertação de mestrado, de modo a fundamentar a hipótese de que a participação social em políticas culturais foi estimulada pelo próprio Estado, reconfigurando os movimentos sociais da cultura. Entre os impactos observados estão a ocupação do espaço público por agentes culturais comunitários, o alargamento conceitual institucional da gestão cultural pública e da própria sociedade civil, interlocução inicial estado-sociedade para formulação e avaliação de políticas públicas. Isso nos permite esboçar uma conclusão prévia de que, anteriormente a 2003, as organizações sociais da cultura tinham uma dinâmica autônoma em relação ao Estado, com objetivos particulares e não necessariamente vinculadas à incidência em políticas públicas, resultando em uma assimetria em relação às novas demandas da gestão ministerial. Esse panorama culmina em uma tensão entre o quefazer cultural e a formação/profissionalização para formular, avaliar e acessar políticas públicas, ao tempo que gera memória institucional e antecedentes em situações adversas para sociedade civil, como aquelas de golpe político

Community Culture and Progressive Governments. Policies and Social Participation in Argentina and Brazil between 2003 and 2015

Se analizan comparativamente los procesos de participación social en la formulación de políticas culturales en Argentina y Brasil entre 2003 y 2015. Desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, se caracterizan las prácticas y se las relaciona con los agentes que las producen y las condiciones en que se las produce. Se plantea que las prácticas se comprenden/explican al relacionarlas con la posición relativa de poder que define a los agentes más que con sus ideas. Se pregunta: ¿Qué características asumen las prácticas de organizaciones de la sociedad civil en Argentina y en Brasil que participaron en la elaboración del proyecto de Ley Federal de Culturas y en la Ley Cultura Viva respectivamente; y en qué medida es posible comprenderlas/explicarlas habida cuenta del lugar social de quienes las producen?Se exponen las implicancias políticas de las diferentes nociones de cultura que impulsaron los gobiernos anteriores a 2003 en ambos países y las que promovieron los del período analizado.Se concluye que la participación de la sociedad civil es condición necesaria para la formulación de políticas culturales basadas en la perspectiva de los derechos humanos. No obstante, la condición suficiente para la elaboración y la implementación de una política es la decisión del gobierno.The processes of social participation in the formulation of cultural policies in Argentina and Brazil between 2003 and 2015 are comparatively analyzed. From an interdisciplinary perspective, practices are characterized and are related to the agents that produce them and the conditions in which they are produced. It is argued that practices are understood/ explained by relating them to the relative position of power that defines agents rather than their ideas. The problem is: What characteristics are taken by the practices of civil society organizations in Argentina and Brazil that participated in the Federal Bill on Cultures and the Law on Cultura Viva, respectively; and to what extent is it possible to understand/ explain them in relation with the social place of those who produce them? The political implications of the different notions of culture promoted by the pre-2003 governments in both countries and those promoted by the administrations during the period analyzed are discussed. It is concluded that the participation of civil society is a necessary condition for the formulation of cultural policies based on the perspective of human rights. However, the government’s decision is the sufficient condition for the development and implementation of a policy.Fil: Prato, Anna Valeria. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades. Cent.de Invest. Maria Saleme de Burnichon; ArgentinaFil: Rodrigues Morais, Isa Paula. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades. Cent.de Invest. Maria Saleme de Burnichon; ArgentinaFil: Segura, Maria Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Centro de Investigaciones María Saleme Burnichón; Argentin

La Cultura Comunitaria y los Gobiernos Progresistas: Políticas y Participación Social en Argentina y Brasil Entre 2003 y 2015

The processes of social participation in the formulation of cultural policies in Argentina and Brazil between 2003 and 2015 are comparatively analyzed. From an interdisciplinary perspective, practices are characterized and are related to the agents that produce them and the conditions in which they are produced. It is argued that practices are understood/ explained by relating them to the relative position of power that defines agents rather than their ideas. The problem is: What characteristics are taken by the practices of civil society organizations in Argentina and Brazil that participated in the Federal Bill on Cultures and the Law on Cultura Viva, respectively; and to what extent is it possible to understand/ explain them in relation with the social place of those who produce them? The political implications of the different notions of culture promoted by the pre-2003 governments in both countries and those promoted by the administrations during the period analyzed are discussed. It is concluded that the participation of civil society is a necessary condition for the formulation of cultural policies based on the perspective of human rights. However, the government’s decision is the sufficient condition for the development and implementation of a policy.En este artículo se analizan comparativamente los procesos de participación social en la formulación de políticas culturales en Argentina y Brasil entre 2003 y 2015. Desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, se caracterizan las prácticas y se les relaciona con los agentes que las producen y las condiciones en que se las produce. Se plantea que las prácticas se comprenden/explican al relacionarlas con la posición relativa de poder que define a los agentes más que con sus ideas. Se pregunta: ¿Qué características asumen las prácticas de organizaciones de la sociedad civil en Argentina y en Brasil que participaron en la elaboración del proyecto de Ley Federal de Culturas y en la Ley Cultura Viva respectivamente; y en qué medida es posible comprenderlas/explicarlas habida cuenta del lugar social de quienes las producen? ¿Qué es decisivo para el impacto? Se exponen las implicancias políticas de las diferentes nociones de cultura que impulsaron los gobiernos anteriores a 2003 en ambos países y las que promovieron los del período analizado.Se concluye que la participaciónde la sociedad civil es condición necesaria para la formulación de políticas culturales basadas en la perspectiva de los derechos humanos. No obstante, la condición suficiente para la elaboración y la implementación de una política es la decisión del gobierno

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author