Suporte interpares na doença mental

Background Peer support is a mutual aid system based on the belief that someone who faced/overcome adversity can provide support, encouragement and guidance to those who experience similar situations. Objective To conduct a systematic review that describes this concept and characterizes peer supporters, its practice and efficacy. Method Research on ISI Web of Science, EBSCO Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and Medline databases (from 2001 to December 2013) was conducted using as keywords “mental illness”, “mental health”, “psychiatric disability”, “mental health services”, combined with “peer support”, “mutual support”, “self-help groups”, “consumers as providers”, “peer-run services”, “peer-run programs” and “social support”. Results We found 1,566 articles and the application of both the exclusion (studies with children, teenagers and elderly people; disease in comorbidity; peer support associated to physical illnesses or family members/caregivers) and the inclusion criteria (full text scientific papers, peer support or similar groups directed for schizophrenia, depression, bipolar or psychotic disorders) lead to 165 documents, where 22 were excluded due to repetition and 31 to incomplete text. We analyzed 112 documents, identifying as main peer support categories: characterization, peer supporter, practices and efficacy. Discussion Despite an increasing interest about this topic, there is no consensus, suggesting realizing more studies.Contexto O suporte interpares é um sistema de ajuda mútua baseado na crença de que alguém que enfrentou/superou adversidades pode oferecer apoio, encorajamento e orientação a outros que enfrentam situações similares. Objetivo Realizar uma revisão sistemática que caracterize o suporte interpares como prática, analise a sua eficácia e caracterize os pares prestadores de suporte interpares. Método Pesquisa nas bases de dados ISI Web of Science, EBSCO Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection e Medline (2001 a dezembro de 2013), utilizando as palavras-chave “mental illness”, “mental health”, “psychiatric disability”, “mental health services”, combinadas com “peer support”, “mutual support”, “self-help groups”, “consumers as providers”, “peer-run services”, “peer-run programs” e “social support”. Resultados Encontraram-se 1.566 artigos e foram aplicados os critérios de exclusão (artigos com crianças, adolescentes e idosos; doença mental em comorbidade; suporte interpares em doenças físicas ou familiares/cuidadores) e de inclusão (revistas científicas com texto integral disponível; suporte interpares ou grupos similares dirigidos a esquizofrenia, depressão, transtorno bipolar e outras perturbações psicóticas), resultando em 165 documentos. Excluíram-se 22 por repetição e 31 por texto incompleto, resultando em 112, os quais se identificaram como principais categorias do suporte interpares: caracterização, prestador de suporte, práticas e eficácia. Conclusão Existe interesse crescente pelo tema, embora alguns domínios não sejam consensuais, sugerindo necessidade de mais estudos

Ultrastructural and Cytotoxic Effects of Metarhizium robertsii Infection on Rhipicephalus microplus Hemocytes

Metarhizium is an entomopathogenic fungus widely employed in the biological control of arthropods. Hemocytes present in the hemolymph of invertebrates are the cells involved in the immune response of arthropods. Despite this, knowledge about Rhipicephalus microplus hemocytes morphological aspects as well as their role in response to the fungal infection is scarce. The present study aimed to analyze the hemocytes of R. microplus females after Metarhizium robertsii infection, using light and electron microscopy approaches associated with the cytotoxicity evaluation. Five types of hemocytes (prohemocytes, spherulocytes, plasmatocytes, granulocytes, and oenocytoids) were described in the hemolymph of uninfected ticks, while only prohemocytes, granulocytes, and plasmatocytes were observed in fungus-infected tick females. Twenty-four hours after the fungal infection, only granulocytes and plasmatocytes were detected in the transmission electron microscopy analysis. Hemocytes from fungus-infected tick females showed several cytoplasmic vacuoles with different electron densities, and lipid droplets in close contact to low electron density vacuoles, as well as the formation of autophagosomes and subcellular material in different stages of degradation could also be observed. M. robertsii propagules were more toxic to tick hemocytes in the highest concentration tested (1.0 × 108 conidia mL−1). Interestingly, the lowest fungus concentration did not affect significantly the cell viability. Microanalysis showed that cells granules from fungus-infected and uninfected ticks had similar composition. This study addressed the first report of fungal cytotoxicity analyzing ultrastructural effects on hemocytes of R. microplus infected with entomopathogenic fungi. These results open new perspectives for the comprehension of ticks physiology and pathology, allowing the identification of new targets for the biological control

O diagnóstico de hanseníase neural pura entre pacientes com sintomas de neuropatia periférica: acompanhamento clínico

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-05-30T12:50:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VaniaValentim_EuzenirSarno_etal_IOC_2000.pdf: 67159 bytes, checksum: 1bd38e0280bd2ae7d4aabb7784937d63 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-05-30T13:01:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VaniaValentim_EuzenirSarno_etal_IOC_2000.pdf: 67159 bytes, checksum: 1bd38e0280bd2ae7d4aabb7784937d63 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-05-30T13:01:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VaniaValentim_EuzenirSarno_etal_IOC_2000.pdf: 67159 bytes, checksum: 1bd38e0280bd2ae7d4aabb7784937d63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Neurologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Iguaçu. Disciplina de Patologia. Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Medicina Tropical. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Quarenta e quatro pacientes com sinais de neuropatia periférica foram acompanhados no Ambulatório de Hanseníase da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz por período que variou de 4 meses até 4 anos, com o intuito de confirmar ou afastar o diagnóstico de neuropatia hanseniana. Os sintomas neurológicos apresentados foram hipoestesia (41), parestesia (28), espessamento neural (22), dor nos nervos (20), paresia (20), amiotrofia (8). Dez pacientes dos 44 tiveram o diagnóstico de hanseníase confirmado. A confirmação diagnóstica se deu através da biópsia de áreas hipoestésicas sem lesão dermatológica (3 pacientes), pelo aparecimento de estados reacionais (duas reações reversas e 4 neurites reacionais) e pelo aparecimento de lesão cutânea não reacional característica da forma “borderline” lepromatosa. O acompanhamento clínico regular dos pacientes sem diagnóstico no primeiro exame mostrou ser um método que permitiu o diagnóstico da forma neurítica pura da hanseníase, quando os métodos objetivos de diagnóstico não confirmarem de imediato a doença.Forty-four patients with neuritic leprosy were individually followed for periods ranging from 4 months to almost 4 years for the purpose of ascertaining the presence and/ or absence of leprosy. The neural symptoms presented were sensory impairment (41), parasthesia (28), nerve enlargement (22), nerve tenderness (20), paresia (20), amyotrophy (8). Leprosy was diagnosed in ten out of the total number of patients studied. Leprosy was confirmed by the appearance of reactional neuritis (4), reversal reaction (2), biopsy of the hypoesthesic area (3) and the appearance of non-reactional cutaneous lesion. We reported an experience in the diagnosis of neuritic leprosy and its most frequent clinical presentation with which clinicians have to be acquainted. We can also state that the clinical follow-up was an effective strategy for the diagnosis of the disease when diagnostic facilities are not available or have not confirmed the diagnosis

Peer support for people with mental illness

Background Peer support is a mutual aid system based on the belief that someone who faced/overcome adversity can provide support, encouragement and guidance to those who experience similar situations. Objective To conduct a systematic review that describes this concept and characterizes peer supporters, its practice and efficacy. Method Research on ISI Web of Science, EBSCO Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and Medline databases (from 2001 to December 2013) was conducted using as keywords “mental illness”, “mental health”, “psychiatric disability”, “mental health services”, combined with “peer support”, “mutual support”, “self-help groups”, “consumers as providers”, “peer-run services”, “peer-run programs” and “social support”. Results We found 1,566 articles and the application of both the exclusion (studies with children, teenagers and elderly people; disease in comorbidity; peer support associated to physical illnesses or family members/caregivers) and the inclusion criteria (full text scientific papers, peer support or similar groups directed for schizophrenia, depression, bipolar or psychotic disorders) lead to 165 documents, where 22 were excluded due to repetition and 31 to incomplete text. We analyzed 112 documents, identifying as main peer support categories: characterization, peer supporter, practices and efficacy. Discussion Despite an increasing interest about this topic, there is no consensus, suggesting realizing more studies

Asssociação de Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato e cipermetrina para controle de Rhipicephalus microplus

Rhipicephalus microplus é responsável por grandes perdas econômicas na pecuária brasileira. Com o intuito de controlar esse artrópode, o uso indiscriminado de produtos químicos é amplamente empregado, acarretando em prejuízos ao meio ambiente, aos animais e humanos, além de contribuir para o aparecimento de cepas de carrapatos resistentes. Assim, o emprego de produtos químicos associados a entomopatógenos surge como uma alternativa para aumentar a eficácia do controle de carrapato e reduzir os danos causados pelo uso inapropriado de produtos químicos. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi de avaliar a eficiência da associação de Metarhizium anisopliae e cipermetrina sobre estágios imaturos de R. microplus. O tratamento dos grupos foi realizado através da imersão de ovos e larvas em 1mL de suspensão aquosa do fungo, solução de cipermetrina, suspenção fúngica associada à cipermetrina e um grupo controle. Os parâmetros biológicos avaliados foram o percentual de eclosão e o percentual de mortalidade das larvas. Observou se que o fungo quando utilizado sozinho em menor concentração (106 conídios mL-1) ou a cipermetrina também em menor concentração (25 ppm) não foram capazes de alterar os parâmetros biológicos quando comparados ao grupo controle. No entanto, a associação do fungo a 106 conídios mL-1 com cipermetrina em menor concentração, foi capaz de reduzir o percentual de eclosão pela metade e causar o dobro de mortalidade quando comparado ao uso do fungo e cipermetrina isoladamente. Desta forma, conclui se que a associação de M. anisopliae com cipermetrina é eficaz no controle de estágios imaturos de R. microplus

Association between Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato and cypermethrin to control Rhipicephalus microplus

ABSTRACT. de Paulo J.F., Ferreira J.R.T., Marciano A.F., de Freitas, M.C. Coutinho-Rodrigues C.J.B., Camargo M.G., Angelo I.daC. Bittencourt V.R.E.P., Gôlo P.S. [Association between Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato and cypermethrin to control Rhipicephalus microplus.] Associação de Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato e cipermetrina para o controle de Rhipicephalus microplus. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 38(supl. 3):66-74, 2016. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Anexo 1, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural Rio de Janeiro, BR 465 Km 47, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] Rhipicephalus microplus is responsible for large economic losses in Brazilian livestock. In order to control this arthropod, the indiscriminate use of chemical products may be widely used, leading to damages to the environment, animals and humans, besides contributing to the appearance of resistant tick populations. The use of chemicals associated with biological entomopathogens drives an alternative to increase the effectiveness of tick control and reduce de damage caused by the inappropriate use of chemicals. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of Metarhizium anisopliae and cypermethrin association on immature stages of R. microplus ticks. The groups were exposed by immersing the egg mass and larvae in 1 ml of fungal aqueous suspension, cypermethrin solution, cypermethrin associated to the fungal suspension and Tween 80 0.1% (v/v) (control). The biological parameters evaluated were: larval hatching percentage and larval mortality percentage. It was observed that both the fungus in a low concentration (106 conidia mL-1) or cypermethrin in a low concentration (25 ppm) were not able to change the biological parameters in comparison to the control group. Despite this, when associated the fungus at 106 conidia mL-1 with cypermethrin in a low concentration, together they were able to reduce larval hatching percentage and increase mortality in comparison to the single use of fungus or cypermethrin. Accordingly, it is concluded that the association of M. anisopliae with cypermethrin is a promising alternative to control of immature stages of R. microplus

Genetics of personalized medicine: cancer and rare diseases

The 21st annual meeting of the Portuguese Society of Human Genetics (SPGH), organized by Luísa Romão, Ana Sousa and Rosário Pinto Leite, was held in Caparica, Portugal, from the 16th to the 18th of November 2017. Having entered an era in which personalized medicine is emerging as a paradigm for disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention, the program of this meeting intended to include lectures by leading national and international scientists presenting exceptional findings on the genetics of personalized medicine. Various topics were discussed, including cancer genetics, transcriptome dynamics and novel therapeutics for cancers and rare disorders that are designed to specifically target molecular alterations in individual patients. Several panel discussions were held to emphasize (ethical) issues associated with personalized medicine, including genetic cancer counseling.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

EFICIÊNCIA in vitro DE UMA FORMULAÇÃO OLEOSA DE Metarhizium anisopliae SENSU LATO NO CONTROLE DE Rhipicephalus microplus

Rhipicephalus microplus é um ectoparasito responsável por grandes perdas econômicas na pecuária bovina. Na tentativa de diminuir o emprego de produtos químicos e os problemas por eles acarretados, a elaboração de formulações de entomopatógenos vem se destacando nas pesquisas de formas alternativas no combate deste carrapato. Assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de formulações oleosas de um produto comercial de M. anisopliae (Metarril WP Organic®) em diferentes concentrações de óleo mineral, sobre ovos, larvas e fêmeas ingurgitadas do carrapato R. microplus. Para realização deste estudo, foram formados oito grupos: um grupo controle aquoso, tratado apenas com água destilada estéril e Tween 80 a 0,1%; um grupo tratado com a suspensão aquosa de Metarril WP Organic®; três grupos controle contendo 1, 3 ou 5% de óleo mineral, e três grupos tratados com as formulações de Metarril WP Organic® contendo 1, 3 ou 5% de óleo mineral. As formulações possuíam a concentração de 108 conídios/mL. O tratamento consistiu na imersão dos espécimes em um ml da suspensão testada durante três minutos. Os parâmetros biológicos das fêmeas ingurgitadas foram significativamente alterados pelas formulações oleosas de Metarril WP Organic®, sendo observado um percentual de controle de 97,35% no grupo tratado com a formulação fúngica contendo 5% de óleo mineral. No tratamento de ovos, as formulações oleosas de Metarril WP Organic® reduziram em até 55 vezes a eclosão das larvas quando comparadas aos grupos controle. No tratamento de larvas, a mortalidade foi de 100% no quinto dia após o tratamento com as formulações fúngicas contendo 3 e 5% de óleo mineral. Estes resultados sugerem que as formulações de Metarril WP Organic® contendo 1, 3 ou 5% de óleo mineral são eficientes, in vitro, contra os está- gios de desenvolvimento do carrapato R. microplus

Metarhizium anisopliae: influence of pH on enzyme activity and control of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks

ABSTRACT. Marciano A.F., Coutinho-Rodrigues C.J.B., Perinotto W.M.S., Camargo M.G., Gôlo P.S., Sá F.A., Quinelato S., Freitas M.C., Angelo I.C., Nogueira M.R.S. & Bittencourt V.R.E.P. [Metarhizium anisopliae: influence of pH on enzyme activity and control of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks.] Metarhizium anisopliae: influência do pH na atividade enzimática e no controle de Rhipicephalus microplus. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 37(Supl.1):85-90, 2015. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 47, Seropédica, RJ 23897-970, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] Rhipicephalus microplus ticks are one of the major agents causing substantial losses to livestock worldwide. In the search for alternative control strategies, both in vitro and in vivo use of the arthropodpathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae has shown promising results against this ectoparasite. During host colonization, protease production by M. anisopliae is considered one important virulence factor once it is directly related to the active penetration process carried by the fungus on the full host cuticle. Nevertheless, limitations as environmental pH may modulate the proteases production and/or activity, as well as, the fungal virulence. The current study aimed evaluate the virulence and total protease activity of M. anisopliae CG 148 sensu lato (s.l.). Fungal aqueous suspensions or 5% mineral oil formulations were used in different pH ranges (5, 7, or 9). Suspensions and formulations were prepared using a pH meter and adjusted to 108 spores mL-1. In the bioassay, four groups were formed for each pH range: the aqueous fungal suspension, the oil-based fungal formulation and their respective controls (aqueous and oil-based), totaling 12 groups. Engorged females were immersed for 3 minutes and maintained under optimal conditions for evaluation of biological parameters. Total protease activity of the artificial medium (after filtration of mycelia) was assessed by azocasein hydrolysis at 72 hours of incubation in minimal medium supplemented with 1% R. microplus cuticle. Oil-based formulations did not yield significant alterations in the fungal virulence or enzyme activity. Nevertheless, the alkaline pH at aqueous suspensions reduced total protease activity and negatively influenced fungal virulence, reducing 1.5 times tick control percent. Based on these results, it is suggested that excessive alkalinity in strictly aqueous media may potentially interfere in the in vitro arthropodpathogenic fungal virulence

Centro de Línguas do IBILCE

The Language Centre at the Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences of São José do Rio Preto (CEL/IBILCE) acts as a connection between theory and practice in the training of future foreign languages teachers by providing the external and internal communities the contact with foreign languages as well as their cultures. It provides a space for conducting research on the processes of teaching and learning languages aimed at professional and academic improvement of future teachers and scholars. Therefore, we emphasize that these studies may be developed by junior and senior researchers and through scientific research (PIBIC and Scientific Initiation).O Centro de Ensino de Línguas no Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas de São José do Rio Preto (CEL/IBILCE) atua como um eixo articulador entre teoria e prática na formação de futuros professores de línguas estrangeiras ao proporcionar às comunidades externa e interna o contato com línguas e culturas estrangeiras. Proporciona um espaço para a realização de pesquisas acerca dos processos de ensinar e aprender línguas, visando ao aprimoramento profissional e acadêmico dos professoresbolsistas. Dessa maneira, ressaltamos que esses estudos poderão ser desenvolvidos por professores-pesquisadores e pelos próprios professores-bolsistas, sob a forma de iniciação científica (PIBIC, Estágio Básico e Iniciação Científica)