Non-genetic factors affecting live weight and daily gain weight in Serrana Transmontano kids

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of some non-genetic factors on birth weight, weaning weight and daily gain weight in Serrana Transmontano kids. Data from 8930 records were analysed. Results showed that birth weight (BW), adjusted live weight at 30 days of age (W30), adjusted weaning weight at 60 days of age (WW), average daily gain from birth until 30 days of age (ADG30) and average daily gain from birth until 60 days of age (ADG60) were influenced by sex, age of dam and birth season. BW, W30, WW, ADG30 and ADG60 of males were higher than female. The same variables increased with the dam’s age. Kids born in autumn were heavier than those born in spring, winter and summer. W30 was lower in kids born in winter. TheWWof kids born in spring was higher than of those born in winter, autumn and summer and the ADG30 of kids born in spring and summer were higher than those born in autumn or winter. ADG60 was higher for kids born in spring. Kids born singlewere heavier at BW, W30 and ADG30 whilst kids born triple were lighter. Males showed the greatest weights and average daily gains, in the offspring of 3–5 years old females, as well as in single born and in those which were born in autumn

Efecto del sexo y el peso de sacrifício sobre la calidad de la canal en cabritos de raza Serrana variedad Transmontana

EI objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las canales de 60 cabritos Serranos variedad Transmontana. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el procedimiento GLM del SAS (2003) con base en un modelo facto rial de 2 x 3, considerando como efectos fijos las variables sexo (hembra y macho) y peso canal (4, 6 Y 8 kg). Las diferencias significativas entre las medias fueron sometidas a la prueba de Tukey. EI efecto del sexo solo fue significativo (P<O,05) en la medida S. EI efecto del peso de la canal fue significativo (P<O,01) en todas las medidas de la canal, excepto en el rendimiento de la canal fría y el índice de conformación de la pierna (P>O,05). En términos generales, las canales de mayor peso fueron las que tuvieron mayor valor en el rendimiento de canal caliente (RCC), longitud de la pierna (F), longitud de la canal (K), amplitud de la cadera (G), amplitud del pecho (Wr), amplitud de la espalda (5), perímetro del tórax (U), peri metro del anca (AA), conformación de pierna (G/F) y conformación de canal (PCQ/K)

Simulation and techno-economic optimization of the supercritical CO2 extraction of Eucalyptus globulus bark at industrial scale

This work addresses economic and process aspects of the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of Eucalyptus globulus bark at industrial scale. Broken plus intact cells (BIC) model was applied to existing data and new SFE curves were simulated. Then, statistical optimization was performed with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) involving of 5 factors (pressure, temperature, cosolvent content, solvent flow rate and extraction time), and four responses: Total Yield (ηTotal), Productivity, Cost of Manufacturing (COM) and Process Energy. The design and simulation of the industrial process (Aspen Plus® software) was performed including the employment of cosolvent in the system. The best COM scored 28.1 € kgextract-1, where ηTotal was 0.84-0.96 wt.%, Productivity reached 311–362 tonextractyear-1, and Process Energy scored 1.46– 2.10 GJ kgextract-1. These results underline that SFE provides an extended margin for trade-offs, and arguments towards the integration of SFE technology to biorefine the bark of E. globulus in pulp mills.publishe

Oral administration of curcumin (curcuma Longa) can attenuate the neutrophil inflammatory response in zymosan-induced arthritis in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of curcumin in the acute phase of zymosan-induced arthritis.METHODS: Twenty-eight male rats were subjected to intra-articular infiltration of zymosan of both knees and, in four the infiltration was made with saline. The animals were divided into five groups second received every six hours by gavage: corn oil by (positive and negative control); curcumin (100 mg/kg); prednisone 1 mg/kg/day; prednisone 8 mg/kg. All animals were sacrificed after six, 12, 24 and 48 hours of the infiltration. The knees were removed for evaluation of neutrophil infiltration. The number of neutrophils was counted by computer-assisted analysis of the images. The neutrophil infiltrate was stratified into four grades: 0 = normal; + = mild; ++/+++ = moderate; > ++++ = severe. The results were compared using the Mann-Whitney test and the variance by Kruskal-Wallis test adopting a significance level of 5% (p<0.05).RESULTS: Curcumin reduces inflammatory activity in the first six hours after zymosan-induced arthritis when compared to saline (p<0.01). This was also observed in animals subjected to administration of prednisone (1 mg/kg) and those treated with prednisone (8 mg/kg). Curcumin was more effective than lower doses of prednisone in the first six hours after induction of the arthritis. After 12, 24 and 48 hours, curcumin does not have the same anti-inflammatory effects when compared to prednisone. After 48 hours, prednisone is more effective than curcumin in reducing the inflammatory infiltrate regardless of the dose of prednisone used.CONCLUSION: Oral administration of curcumin reduces inflammation in the first six hours after experimentally zymosan-induced arthritis.To evaluate the effect of curcumin in the acute phase of zymosan-induced arthritis.METHODS: Twenty-eight male rats were subjected to intra-articular infiltration of zymosan of both knees and, in four the infiltration was made with saline. The animals were2911727734sem informaçãosem informaçãoLawrence, R.C., Felson, D.T., Helmick, C.G., Arnold, L.M., Choi, H., Deyo, R.A., Gabriel, S., Wolfe, F., National Arthritis Data Workgroup. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. 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Future treatment of osteoarthritis (2005) Orthopedics, 28 (2), pp. s227-s234. , Feb, PMID: 15747611Banerjee, M., Tripathi, L.M., Srivastava, V.M., Puri, A., Shukla, R., Modulation of inflammatory mediators by ibuprofen and curcumin treatment during chronic inflammation in rat (2003) Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol, 25 (2), pp. 213-224. , May, PMID: 12784914Banji, D., Pinnapureddy, J., Banji, O.J., Saidulu, A., Hayath, M.S., Synergistic activity of curcumin with methotrexate in ameliorating Freund’s Complete Adjuvant induced arthritis with reduced hepatotoxicity in experimental animals (2011) Eur J Pharmacol, 668 (1-2), pp. 293-298. , Oct 1Funk, J.L., Frye, J.B., Oyarzo, J.N., Kuscuoglu, N., Wilson, J., McCaffrey, G., Stafford, G., Timmermann, B.N., Efficacy and mechanism of action of turmeric supplements in the treatment of experimental arthritis (2006) Arthritis Rheum, 54 (11), pp. 3452-3464. , Nov, PMID: 17075840Jancinová, V., Perecko, T., Nosál, R., Kostálová, D., Bauerová, K., Drábiková, K., Decreased activity of neutrophils in the presence of diferuloylmethane (curcumin) involves protein kinase C inhibition (2009) Eur J Pharmacol, 612 (1-3), pp. 161-166. , Jun 10Joe, B., Rao, U.J., Lokesh, B.R., Presence of an acidic glycoprotein in the serum of arthritic rats: Modulation by capsaicin and curcumin (1997) Mol Cell Biochem, 169 (1-2), pp. 125-134. , Apr, PMID: 908963

Efecto del sexo, tipo de nacimiento y edad de la madre en el crecimiento de corderos de la raza Churra Galega Bragançana

EI objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar eI efecto sexo, tipo de nacimiento y de la edad de la madre sobre peso al nacer y el peso a los 30, 60 y 90 días de edad

Sr-Nd isotope signatures of surficial sediments from the Portuguese continental shelf

This study focus on the Sr-Nd isotope signatures of detrital and carbonate fractions of seven samples from surficial sediments deposited in the Portuguese continental shelf. 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd isotope compositions of the lithic component are used to constrain potential endmember contributions and determine sediment provenance. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios measured in the acid leachates of the seven sediment samples (carbonate fraction) lie within the range 0.7088 – 0.7092, close to the value for modern seawater (0.7091 – 0.7092), suggesting a dominant biogenic origin for this component. In contrast, the Sr isotope signatures for acid-leached silicate residues (lithic fraction) from the same samples are widely variable (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7179 to 0.7346) reflecting the input of terrigenous particles from three distinct sources (northern Iberian Variscan crust, southern Iberian Variscan crust and North African aerosols). The narrow range of ƐNd(0) values displayed by these samples (-8.5 to -10.6) does not allow effective discrimination between the different endmembers

QUANTIFICATION OF CALCIUM IN SPARKLING WINES BY INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY

Markets are increasingly competitive and the companies feel the urge to improve their manufacturing processes. Blending that with a larger control of quality and safety it was created a need to develop new methods of analysis each time more accurate, faster and with lower costs. Alentejo is a region with a wide variety of soils, most of them are rich in calcium and potassium. In the production of sparkling wine many wineries use encapsulated yeast in alginate beads, instead of the traditional method, champenoise. The first method is faster, allowing a more versatile production, reducing the risk of contamination and features organoleptic characteristics similar to the traditional method (yeast free). However, encapsulated yeast spheres should be only used if the base wine matches a number of features, among them calcium content. In this study the calcium content in the wine was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and by near-infrared spectroscopy. The AAS is a high sensitivity method clearly produces a reliable result, however it is very time consuming and produces great quantities of environmental waste, therefore the possibility of using near-infrared spectroscopy as a method was studied to be a fast, simple and clean alternative to the AAS. It was obtained a calibration model with a variation coefficient higher than 0.80 which indicates that the near-infrared spectroscopy as an adequately alternative the ASS

Solubilization and hydrolysis of porcine coagulated blood protein using sub-critical solvent extraction

Pork represents a major fraction of the meat consumed worldwide but only 30% of the blood generated in slaughterhouses is re-used as raw material for food and feed. Innovative technologies and efficient processing strategies capable of generating added-value products from it are now attracting attention. In this study, the hydrolysis of porcine coagulated blood using sub-critical solvent extraction was investigated. Biomass was hydrolyzed using different temperatures (120–210 °C), applying only water (sub-critical water; SCW) or water with a low concentration of alkali (0.1 mol L−1 NaOH) and different reaction times (30–90 min). Resultant hydrolysates were analyzed for crude and soluble protein, peptide profile, and bioactivity by combining protein quantification, antioxidant activity, and fast protein liquid chromatography measurements. Results showed that increasing temperature increases the degree of hydrolysis and that the addition of NaOH enhances the solubilization of peptides with high molecular weights. Also, hydrolysates showed interesting antioxidant activity, being 60 min the time of reaction with best antioxidant activity. Nevertheless, using only water (SCW) as solvent, without chemical additives, allows the delivering of interesting protein-based bioactive fractions. Sub-critical solvent treatment of porcine blood resulted in added-value fractions with potential bioactivities through a simple and environmentally friendly process.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Two-dimensional superstrings and the supersymmetric matrix model

We present evidence that the supersymmetric matrix model of Marinari and Parisi represents the world-line theory of N unstable D-particles in type II superstring theory in two dimensions. This identification suggests that the matrix model gives a holographic description of superstrings in a two-dimensional black hole geometry.Comment: 22 pages, 2 figures; v2: corrected eqn 4.6; v3: corrected appendices and discussion of vacua, added ref

Emergent geometry from q-deformations of N=4 super Yang-Mills

We study BPS states in a marginal deformation of super Yang-Mills on R x S^3 using a quantum mechanical system of q-commuting matrices. We focus mainly on the case where the parameter q is a root of unity, so that the AdS dual of the field theory can be associated to an orbifold of AdS_5x S^5. We show that in the large N limit, BPS states are described by density distributions of eigenvalues and we assign to these distributions a geometrical spacetime interpretation. We go beyond BPS configurations by turning on perturbative non-q-commuting excitations. Considering states in an appropriate BMN limit, we use a saddle point approximation to compute the BMN energy to all perturbative orders in the 't Hooft coupling. We also examine some BMN like states that correspond to twisted sector string states in the orbifold and we show that our geometrical interpretation of the system is consistent with the quantum numbers of the corresponding states under the quantum symmetry of the orbifold.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure. v2: added references. v3:final published versio