Dengue Virus Serotype 4, Roraima State, Brazil

Universidade Federal de Roraima. Boa Vista, RO, Brazil.Laboratório Central de Roraima. Boa Vista, RO, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Roraima. Boa Vista, RO, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Roraima. Boa Vista, RO, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Roraima. Boa Vista, RO, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Roraima. Boa Vista, RO, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Roraima. Boa Vista, RO, Brazil.Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil

Molecular characterisation of the emerging measles virus from Roraima state, Brazil, 2018

Measles is a human infectious disease of global concern that is caused by the measles virus. In this study, we report the complete genome sequencing of one measles virus isolate, genotype D8, that was obtained directly from a urine sample in Boa Vista city, the capital of Roraima state in Brazil. Phylogenetic reconstruction grouped the genome described in this study with that of samples from Australia, South Korea, and Italy. To our knowledge, this is the first complete genome sequence of a wild-type measles virus reported from Latin America. Therefore, the present data strengthen the current knowledge on the molecular epidemiology of measles worldwide

Reemergence of Dengue Virus Serotype 3, Brazil, 2023

We characterized 3 autochthonous dengue virus serotype 3 cases and 1 imported case from 2 states in the North and South Regions of Brazil, 15 years after Brazil's last outbreak involving this serotype. We also identified a new Asian lineage recently introduced into the Americas, raising concerns about future outbreaks

Reemergence of Dengue Virus serotype 3, Brazil, 2023

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. San Juan, PR, USA.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública de Roraima. Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública de Roraima. Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação de Vigilância em Saúde Dra. Rosemary Costa Pinto. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Recife, PE, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Recife, PE, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Alegre, ES, Brazil.Florida Department of Health. Tampa, FL, USA.Florida Department of Health. Tampa, FL, USA.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. San Juan, PR, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.We characterized 3 autochthonous dengue virus serotype 3 cases and 1 imported case from 2 states in the North and South Regions of Brazil, 15 years after Brazil’s last outbreak involving this serotype. We also identified a new Asian lineage recently introduced into the Americas, raising concerns about future outbreaks

Genomic, epidemiological and digital surveillance of Chikungunya virus in the Brazilian Amazon.

BackgroundSince its first detection in the Caribbean in late 2013, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has affected 51 countries in the Americas. The CHIKV epidemic in the Americas was caused by the CHIKV-Asian genotype. In August 2014, local transmission of the CHIKV-Asian genotype was detected in the Brazilian Amazon region. However, a distinct lineage, the CHIKV-East-Central-South-America (ECSA)-genotype, was detected nearly simultaneously in Feira de Santana, Bahia state, northeast Brazil. The genomic diversity and the dynamics of CHIKV in the Brazilian Amazon region remains poorly understood despite its importance to better understand the epidemiological spread and public health impact of CHIKV in the country.Methodology/principal findingsWe report a large CHIKV outbreak (5,928 notified cases between August 2014 and August 2018) in Boa vista municipality, capital city of Roraima's state, located in the Brazilian Amazon region. We generated 20 novel CHIKV-ECSA genomes from the Brazilian Amazon region using MinION portable genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that despite an early introduction of the Asian genotype in 2015 in Roraima, the large CHIKV outbreak in 2017 in Boa Vista was caused by an ECSA-lineage most likely introduced from northeastern Brazil. Epidemiological analyses suggest a basic reproductive number of R0 of 1.66, which translates in an estimated 39 (95% CI: 36 to 45) % of Roraima's population infected with CHIKV-ECSA. Finally, we find a strong association between Google search activity and the local laboratory-confirmed CHIKV cases in Roraima.Conclusions/significanceThis study highlights the potential of combining traditional surveillance with portable genome sequencing technologies and digital epidemiology to inform public health surveillance in the Amazon region. Our data reveal a large CHIKV-ECSA outbreak in Boa Vista, limited potential for future CHIKV outbreaks, and indicate a replacement of the Asian genotype by the ECSA genotype in the Amazon region

Chikungunya virus outbreak in the Amazon region: replacement of the Asian genotype by an ECSA lineage

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Instituto de Medicina Tropical. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia Experimental. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia Experimental. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil / Fundação Ezequiel Dias. Instituto Octávio Magalhães. Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Genética Laboratório de Virologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.Harvard Medical School. Department of Pediatrics. Boston, MA, USA / Boston Children’s Hospital. Computational Health Informatics Program. Boston, MA, USA.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom / Boston Children’s Hospital. Computational Epidemiology Lab. Boston, MA, USA.University of Birmingham. Institute of Microbiology and Infection. Birmingham, United Kingdom.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Instituto de Medicina Tropical. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Centro de Inovações Tecnológicas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Centro de Inovações Tecnológicas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública. Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública. Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública. Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Boa Vista. Superintendência de Vigilância em Saúde. Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira. Departamento de Virologia. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Boa Vista. Superintendência de Vigilância em Saúde. Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Amazonas. Manaus, AM, Brazil.Organização Pan - Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde. Brasília, DF, BrazilMinistério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane. Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia. Manaus, AM, Brazil.University of Birmingham. Institute of Microbiology and Infection. Birmingham, United Kingdom.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Instituto de Medicina Tropical. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.University of Oxford. Department of Zoology. South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.Background Since its first detection in the Caribbean in late 2013, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has affected 51 countries in the Americas. The CHIKV epidemic in the Americas was caused by the CHIKV-Asian genotype. In August 2014, local transmission of the CHIKV-Asian genotype was detected in the Brazilian Amazon region. However, a distinct lineage, the CHIKV-East-Central-South-America (ECSA)-genotype, was detected nearly simultaneously in Feira de Santana, Bahia state, northeast Brazil. The genomic diversity and the dynamics of CHIKV in the Brazilian Amazon region remains poorly understood despite its importance to better understand the epidemiological spread and public health impact of CHIKV in the country. Methodology/Principal Findings We report a large CHIKV outbreak (5,928 notified cases between August 2014 and August 2018) in Boa vista municipality, capital city of Roraima’s state, located in the Brazilian Amazon region. In just 48 hours, we generated 20 novel CHIKV-ECSA genomes from the Brazilian Amazon region using MinION portable genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that despite an early introduction of the Asian genotype in 2015 in Roraima, the large CHIKV outbreak in 2017 in Boa Vista was caused by an ECSA-lineage most likely introduced from northeastern Brazil. Epidemiological analyses suggest a basic reproductive number of R0 of 1.66, which translates in an estimated 39 (95% CI: 36 to 45) % of Roraima’s population infected with CHIKV-ECSA. Finally, we find a strong association between Google search activity and the local laboratory-confirmed CHIKV cases in Roraima. Conclusions/Significance This study highlights the potential of combining traditional surveillance with portable genome sequencing technologies and digital epidemiology to inform public health surveillance in the Amazon region. Our data reveal a large CHIKV-ECSA outbreak in Boa Vista, limited potential for future CHIKV outbreaks, and indicate a replacement of the Asian genotype by the ECSA genotype in the Amazon region