Simulaciones sanitarias para el estudio de enfermedades infecciosas endémicas, emergentes y reemergentes en el ganado porcino

Depto. de Sanidad AnimalFac. de VeterinariaFALSEsubmitte

Entorno de soporte al aprendizaje activo en procesamiento de lenguaje

El procesamiento de lenguaje es una competencia central en disciplinas relacionadas tanto con Informática como con Lingüística Computacional. Su carácter constructivo aconseja la adopción de una estrategia activa para su enseñanza, según la cual el alumno aprende definiendo lenguajes y construyendo sus procesadores: los programas que procesan las frases de dichos lenguajes. Bajo esta hipótesis, y en el contexto del programa de Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora de la Calidad Docente 2005-2006 de la UCM, estamos desarrollando un entorno informático orientado a facilitar dicho aprendizaje activo. En este artículo motivamos y describimos dicho entorno

Discurso y depolarización: un caso de estudio

Trabajo de Fin de Máster en Investigación en Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia, curso...[ES] En este trabajo se defiende la hipótesis de que cierto tipo de diálogo deliberativo puede contribuir a un proceso depolarizador ideológico y afectivo. En los primeros apartados se ofrece una fundamentación teórica de la propuesta que se discute en el ensayo, expuesta en el apartado cuarto; se propone cierto tipo de diálogo deliberativo con unas características concretas que se justifican a partir de las evidencias encontradas en estudios precedentes en torno a procesos polarizadores. Después se expone pormenorizadamente el experimento llevado a cabo con 76 personas, con los resultados y un análisis de los mismos. Se ha concluído que se observan en algunos casos ciertos procesos depolarizadores, aunque en otros no se pueden sacar conclusiones determinantes. En el mismo apartado se han explicitado algunas limitaciones del estudio y se insta a que continúen las investigaciones en este sentido, pues los resultados recabados son esperanzadores para poder hablar de una deliberación depolarizadora, en contra de algunas evidencias de estudios anteriores así como la propuesta de autores como Robert Talisse, que proponen una reducción de las deliberaciones públicas en torno a cuestiones políticas como salida a la polarización de grupos. [EN] This paper defends the hypothesis that a certain type of deliberative dialogue can contribute to an ideological and affective depolarizing process. In the first sections, a theoretical foundation of the proposal discussed in the essay, exposed in the fourth section, is offered; A certain type of deliberative dialogue is proposed with specific characteristics that are justified based on the evidence found in previous studies on polarizing processes. Then the experiment carried out with 76 people is explained in detail, with the results and an analysis of them. It has been concluded that certain depolarizing processes are observed in some cases, although in others no decisive conclusions can be drawn. In the same section, some limitations of the study have been made explicit and it is urged that research continue in this regard, since the results obtained are encouraging to be able to speak of a depolarizing deliberation, contrary to some evidence from previous studies as well as the proposal of authors such as Robert Talisse, who propose a reduction in public deliberations around political issues as a way out of group polarization

Browsing Digital Collections with Reconfigurable Faceted Thesauri

Faceted thesauri group classification terms into hierarchically arranged facets. They enable faceted browsing, a well-known browsing technique that makes it possible to navigate digital collections by recursively choosing terms in the facet hierarchy. In this paper we develop an approach to achieve faceted browsing in live collections, in which not only the contents but also the thesauri can be constantly reorganized. We start by introducing a digital collection model letting users reconfigure facet hierarchies. Then we introduce navigation automata as an efficient way of supporting faceted browsing in these collections. Since, in the worst-case, the number of states in these automata can grow exponentially, we propose two alternative indexing strategies able to bridge this complexity: inverted indexes and navigation dendrograms. Finally, by comparing these strategies in the context of Clavy, a system for managing collections with reconfigurable structures in digital humanities and educational settings, we provide evidence that navigation dendrogram organization outperforms the inverted index-based one

Learning Object Repositories with Dynamically Reconfigurable Metadata Schemata

[ES] In this paper we describe a model of learning object repository in which users have full control on the metadata schemata. Thus, they can define new schemata and they can reconfigure existing ones in a collaborative fashion. As consequence, the repository must react to changes in schemata in a dynamic and responsive way. Since schemata enable operations like navigation and search, dynamic reconfigurability requires clever indexing strategies, resilient to changes in these schemata. For this purpose, we have used conventional inverted indexing approaches and we have also devised a hierarchical clusteringbased indexing model. By using Clavy, a system for managing learning object repositories in the field of the Humanities, we provide some experimental results that show how the hierarchical clustering-based model can outperform the more conventional inverted indexes-based solutions

Elastin-like recombinamers: Deconstructing and recapitulating the functionality of extracellular matrix proteins using recombinant protein polymers

Producción CientíficaIn the development of tissue engineering strategies to replace, remodel, regenerate, or support damaged tissue, the development of bioinspired biomaterials that recapitulate the physicochemical characteristics of the extracellular matrix has received increased attention. Given the compositional heterogeneity and tissue-to-tissue variation of the extracellular matrix, the design, choice of polymer, crosslinking, and nature of the resulting biomaterials are normally depended on intended application. Generally, these biomaterials are usually made of degradable or nondegradable biomaterials that can be used as cell or drug carriers. In recent years, efforts to endow reciprocal biomaterial–cell interaction properties in scaffolds have inspired controlled synthesis, derivatization, and functionalization of the polymers used. In this regard, elastin-like recombinant proteins have generated interest and continue to be developed further owing to their modular design at a molecular level. In this review, the authors provide a summary of key extracellular matrix features relevant to biomaterials design and discuss current approaches in the development of extracellular matrix-inspired elastin-like recombinant protein based biomaterials.Comisión Europea (grants MSCA-ITN-2014-ETN-642687 and NMP-2014-646075)Gobierno de España (grants MAT2016-78903-R, MAT2015-68901-R, and RTI2018-096320-B-C22)Junta de Castilla y León (project VA317P18)"Interreg V A España Portugal" Programa operativo de cooperación transfronteriza España Portugal (POCTEP) (grant 0624_2IQBIONEURO_6_E

HAKA: HierArchical Knowledge Acquisition in a sign language tutor

Communication between people from different communities can sometimes be hampered by the lack of knowledge of each other's language. A large number of people needs to learn a language in order to ensure a fluid communication or want to do it just out of intellectual curiosity. To assist language learners' needs tutor tools have been developed. In this paper we present a tutor for learning the basic 42 hand configurations of the Spanish Sign Language, as well as more than one hundred of common words. This tutor registers the user image from an off-the-shelf webcam and challenges her to perform the hand configuration she chooses to practice. The system looks for the configuration, out of the 42 in its database, closest to the configuration performed by the user, and shows it to her, to help her to improve through knowledge of her errors in real time. The similarities between configurations are computed using Procrustes analysis. A table with the most frequent mistakes is also recorded and available to the user. The user may advance to choose a word and practice the hand configurations needed for that word. Sign languages have been historically neglected and deaf people still face important challenges in their daily activities. This research is a first step in the development of a Spanish Sign Language tutor and the tool is available as open source. A multidimensional scaling analysis of the clustering of the 42 hand configurations induced by Procrustes similarity is also presented.This work has been partially funded by the Basque Government, Spain, under Grant number IT1427-22; the Spanish Ministry of Science (MCIU), the State Research Agency (AEI), the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), under Grant number PID2021-122402OB-C21 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE); and the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, under Grant FPU18/04737. We gratefully acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation with the donation of the Titan Xp GPU used for this research

Recombinant AMP/Polypeptide Self-Assembled Monolayers with Synergistic Antimicrobial Properties for Bacterial Strains of Medical Relevance

Producción CientíficaNosocomial infections are one of the most frequent causes of indwelling biomedical device failure. In this regard, the use of antibiofilm nanocoatings based on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is a promising alternative to prevent multiresistant biofilm infections. However, the limitations of chemical production impede the large-scale development of advanced antimicrobial materials that improve the properties of AMPs. Herein, we present a multifunctional modular design for the recombinant coproduction of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on AMPs and elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs), which combine the antimicrobial properties of a designer AMP, GL13K, and low-fouling activity of an ELR in a synergistic manner. The inclusion of a grafting domain intended for oriented tethering onto surfaces allowed the recombinant polymers to be covalently immobilized onto model gold surfaces. The antibiofilm properties against two of the bacterial strains most frequently responsible for indwelling medical device-associated infections, namely Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, were then evaluated. GL13K peptide was found to provide antibiofilm properties to the surface, with these being synergistically enhanced by the antifouling effect of the ELR. This new design offers a promising tool for the development of advanced AMP-based nanocoatings for medical devices with powerful and enhanced features.Comisión Europea (project NMP-2014-646075)Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (project PCIN-2015-010 / MAT2015-68901-R / MAT2016-78903-R)Junta de Castilla y León (project VA317P18

Prevalencia puntual en el servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes de Bayamo (Original)

Health Care Associated Infections are a problem of great clinical and epidemiological importance because they cause substantial increases in morbidity and mortality rates, sometimes cause disabilities and prolong hospitalization, thus increasing hospital costs that could be avoided if the appropriate standards for medical care were met. The research was carried out in the Surgery Room 1A of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Hospital in Bayamo, with the objective of determining the punctual prevalence rate of Health Care Associated Infections. For this purpose, an observational, transversal descriptive study of punctual prevalence was carried out on May 3, 2022. The sample selected was 19 patients. Among the main results obtained, it was found that the age group that contributed the most was 26 - 50 years old (84.2%); during the study, all the patients who presented accessible intravenous line was without venoclysis but with intermittent intravenous medication; the surgical site infection rate was 28.6 per 100 operated patients; among the intrinsic risk factors associated were Diabetes Mellitus as the most frequent and surgical time. The point prevalence rate was 10.5 per 100 patients admitted.Las Infecciones Asociadas a la Asistencia Sanitaria constituyen un problema de gran importancia clínica y  epidemiológica debido a que condicionan incrementos sustanciales en las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad, en ocasiones causan discapacidades y  prolongan la hospitalización, con lo que aumentan los costos hospitalarios que pudieran ser evitados si se cumplen las normas adecuadas para la atención médica. La investigación se realizó en la sala 1A   de Cirugía del Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes de Bayamo, con el objetivo de determinar la tasa de prevalencia puntual de las Infecciones Asociadas a la Asistencia Sanitaria. Para ello se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, transversal descriptivo de prevalencia puntual, el día 3 de mayo del 2022. La muestra seleccionada fue de 19 pacientes. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos se constató  que el grupo de edades que más aportó es de 26 - 50 años (84.2%); durante el estudio, todos los pacientes que presentaron vía endovenosa accesible fue sin venoclisis pero con medicación endovenosa intermitente; la tasa de infección del sitio quirúrgico es de 28.6 por cada 100 pacientes operados; entre los factores de riesgo intrínsecos asociados se encuentran la Diabetes Mellitus como la de mayor frecuencia, y el tiempo quirúrgico. La tasa de prevalencia puntual fue de 10.5, por cada 100 pacientes ingresados

Regional Brewer Calibration Centre-Europe (RBCC-E)

Póster elaborado para el GAW 2013 Symposium celebrado los días 18-20 de marzo de 2013 en Ginebr