Aplicación de la NOM-035 en una empresa de desarrollo de software

Dentro del PAP 3F09, Gestión del Cambio, del Talento Humano y la Efectividad Organizacional, se elaboró la continuación de apoyo con una empresa de desarrollo de software, para abarcar como propósito general el seguimiento de la aplicación de la guía de referencia número tres de la NOM 035, “Entorno Organizacional”. El alcance que el proyecto tuvo, fue de un total de 402 colaboradores, cumpliendo con el mínimo que la NOM requiere para su certificación. Utilizando una metodología cuantitativa, con la herramienta de cuestionario con preguntas tanto abiertas como cerradas. Posteriormente a la primera entrega de resultados al área de Recursos Humanos, se determinó que debían destacarse solamente aquellos dominios que fueran aspectos necesarios para identificar fácilmente a colaboradores con posible “burnout”. Por lo que, se concluyó, prestar mayor atención a las categorías de Siempre, Casi Siempre y Algunas veces. Al tomar estas en cuenta, se analizó que los dominios a los que se debía prestar mayor atención eran “Esfuerzo Mental”, “Jornada de Trabajo” y “Cantidad y ritmo de trabajo”. Con estas características se localizó el nombre de los colaboradores y se entregó una lista a los ejecutivos, para su debida intervención y atención. Aun así, consideramos estos resultados como no alarmantes, debido al giro de la empresa, sin embargo, se debe de monitorear y estar al tanto de manera frecuente, para evitar llegar a un posible “burnout”. Se recomendó a la empresa mantener un seguimiento y finalizar con la última guía de referencia faltante, para poder así concluir con las tres guías de la NOM 035.ITESO, A.C

Continuación del programa de desarrollo de habilidades interpersonales en una empresa de servicio de transporte: manejo de conflictos y negociación

El nombre del proyecto de este PAP es Continuación del programa de desarrollo de habilidades interpersonales en una empresa de servicio de trasporte: Manejo de Conflictos y Negociación y el propósito general se basa en su relación con dos PAP’s anteriores. En el PAP de otoño 2021 el proyecto con el que se trabajó fue: “Realización de un diagnóstico para tipificar la cultura organizacional, en una empresa dedicada al transporte de personal, con el objetivo de fortalecer su proceso de cambio estratégico”. El propósito general fue diagnosticar la cultura organizacional de la empresa. Esta intervención fue la primera que la empresa tuvo con la universidad. Después de esto en el PAP de primavera 2022 se seleccionaron los temas a través de una reunión del equipo PAP junto con un grupo de colaboradores de la empresa, tales como la directora general y la coordinadora del talento humano. Se decidió de manera conjunta, que la empresa requiere darle continuación a las acciones pasadas para abordar las problemáticas en las áreas de comunicación efectiva, liderazgo y trabajo en equipo, además de que se requiere la capacitación para el manejo del conflicto y la capacidad de negociación por parte de los colaboradores. Durante este PAP nos enfocamos en brindar talleres abordando principalmente los últimos dos temas. Los talleres se impartieron a 4 grupos de dos sesiones cada uno. Además de esto, se dio continuación a un grupo del PAP de primavera 2022 abordando los temas de comunicación, liderazgo y trabajo en equipo.ITESO, A.C

Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study

Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

5-Aza-2′-Deoxycytidine and Valproic Acid in Combination with CHIR99021 and A83-01 Induce Pluripotency Genes Expression in Human Adult Somatic Cells

A generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by ectopic expression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC has established promising opportunities for stem cell research, drug discovery, and disease modeling. While this forced genetic expression represents an advantage, there will always be an issue with genomic instability and transient pluripotency genes reactivation that might preclude their clinical application. During the reprogramming process, a somatic cell must undergo several epigenetic modifications to induce groups of genes capable of reactivating the endogenous pluripotency core. Here, looking to increase the reprograming efficiency in somatic cells, we evaluated the effect of epigenetic molecules 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5AZ) and valproic acid (VPA) and two small molecules reported as reprogramming enhancers, CHIR99021 and A83-01, on the expression of pluripotency genes and the methylation profile of the OCT4 promoter in a human dermal fibroblasts cell strain. The addition of this cocktail to culture medium increased the expression of OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4 expression by 2.1-fold, 8.5-fold, and 2-fold, respectively, with respect to controls; concomitantly, a reduction in methylated CpG sites in OCT4 promoter region was observed. The epigenetic cocktail also induced the expression of the metastasis-associated gene S100A4. However, the epigenetic cocktail did not induce the morphological changes characteristic of the reprogramming process. In summary, 5AZ, VPA, CHIR99021, and A83-01 induced the expression of OCT4 and SOX2, two critical genes for iPSC. Future studies will allow us to precise the mechanisms by which these compounds exert their reprogramming effects

Replication of Integrative Data Analysis for Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, Low-Grade Inflammation, Postprandial Responses and OMICs Signatures in Symptom-Free Adults

We previously reported preliminary characterization of adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction through the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR) and fasting/postprandial (F/P) gene expression in subcutaneous (SQ) adipose tissue (AT) biopsies obtained from participants in the GEMM study, a precision medicine research project. Here we present integrative data replication of previous findings from an increased number of GEMM symptom-free (SF) adults (N = 124) to improve characterization of early biomarkers for cardiovascular (CV)/immunometabolic risk in SF adults with AT dysfunction. We achieved this goal by taking advantage of the rich set of GEMM F/P 5 h time course data and three tissue samples collected at the same time and frequency on each adult participant (F/P blood, biopsies of SQAT and skeletal muscle (SKM)). We classified them with the presence/absence of AT dysfunction: low (1) ALR. We also examined the presence of metabolically healthy (MH)/unhealthy (MUH) individuals through low-grade chronic subclinical inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)), whole body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index) and Metabolic Syndrome criteria in people with/without AT dysfunction. Molecular data directly measured from three tissues in a subset of participants allowed fine-scale multi-OMIC profiling of individual postprandial responses (RNA-seq in SKM and SQAT, miRNA from plasma exosomes and shotgun lipidomics in blood). Dynamic postprandial immunometabolic molecular endophenotypes were obtained to move towards a personalized, patient-defined medicine. This study offers an example of integrative translational research, which applies bench-to-bedside research to clinical medicine. Our F/P study design has the potential to characterize CV/immunometabolic early risk detection in support of precision medicine and discovery in SF individuals