Analysis of the energetic and productive effects derived by the installation of a conveyor belt in the metal-mechanic industry

Energy efficiency is a topic of interest due to the financial decisions that involve; high costs must be avoided and regulated by means of strategic decision with low-cost invest. The research presents an operational improvement in the production chain of metal parts in a metal-mechanic micro-enterprise by means of the installation of a conveyor belt, a comparison is made between the energy consumption of the previous system and the system with the conveyor belt, and the results present improvements in execution times, production and energy consumption per number of manufactured parts

Estado del arte del proyecto

Los sistemas de refrigeración por absorción han tomado un gran interés a nivel mundial (Ehsanul et al., 2018; Rekiyat, 2011; Ketfi et al., 2017). Según Global Industry Analysts Inc. el mercado mundial de Chillers de absorción alcanzará los 921,8 millones de dólares para el 2018, siendo los países de Asia-Pacífico los de más rápido crecimiento en el mercado. Se proyecta que las ventas en estos países crecerán a una tasa anual aproximada de 4,1 % (Global Industry Analysts Inc, 2018; Abduljalil et al., 2012; Deng, et al., 2011). Los sistemas de refrigeración por absorción se consideran tecnologías no convencionales y poco maduras en el mercado mundial a pesar, de su tiempo de invención.En Colombia, la refrigeración por absorción ha presentado un crecimiento lento, debido a barreras de tipo socio-culturales y políticas, el desconocimiento de su potencial, de su desempeño, su uso y su mantenimiento (UPME, 2015). Esto representa un enorme potencial para investigaciones como la que se desarrollará en esta propuesta, gracias a su alto impacto en la industria y el fortalecimiento y promoción del uso de tecnologías de refrigeración alternativas en el país. En la literatura especializada, existen pocos documentos relacionados con el análisis de los mecanismos de transferencia de calor, masa y el desempeño de los sistemas de refrigeración por absorción utilizando técnicas de CFD. Son pocos los estudios desarrollados en los que se analiza la transferencia de calor con CFD para analizar y evaluar el desempeño de sistemas de refrigeración por absorción (Asfand et al., 2019, Seyed et al., 2019). Sin embargo, los estudios realizados hasta ahora hacen evidente el enorme potencial que tiene la CFD aplicada a este tipo de sistemas de refrigeración. Por ello, esta investigación avalada por colciencias tiene como objetivo Desarrollar una metodología de simulación por dinámica computacional de fluidos (CFD) para sistemas de refrigeración por absorción

Computational analysis of different turbulence models in a vane pump simulation

The study presents a computational analysis of a vane pump using two different turbulence models namely κ-ε and κ-ω. The geometry characteristics of the vane pump were obtained by disassembly and further measurements. The CAD model for the computational domain was developed in SOLIDWORKS®. The CFD modeling was powered by ANSYS®, which allowed the evaluation of different mesh types and turbulence models. A total set of six simulations were performed to obtain comparison schemes for turbulence model evaluation. Specifically, the angular velocity and excentricity were varied within the simulations. Both turbulence models were carefully validated using the manufacturer´s dataset as validation criteria, obtaining a relative error of less than 5%. The κ-ω experienced the best performance when describing the flow variables, excepting the pressure gradient. Specifically, the κ-ω presented an accurate prediction of edge effects, energy losses in the walls, and turbulent viscosity. Notably, the CFD modeling showed that density and velocity variations are not significant. Overall, CFD modeling demonstrated to be a robust tool to gain insight understanding of the flow interactions in vane pump operation

Estimation and trends of the absorption refrigeration global market

This study presents the evolution and economic development of the global market for absorption refrigeration systems. The article reviews trends in demand for high and low-power absorption refrigeration systems. High growth potential was found in low-power absorption refrigeration systems in the global market. An important finding is that the most widely installed systems in the world are those of single effect and double effect, due to their cost/benefit ratio. It also reviews the relations and trends of companies that manufacture this technology

Estado del arte del proyecto

Uno de los objetivos dentro del PND (Colombia) y los planes departamentales y distritales (Atlántico, Barranquilla) es desarrollar proyectos que apunten al desarrollo productivo y competitivo de las regiones. Dentro de esta línea de trabajo la consolidación de ciudades logísticas emergentes y de empresas sostenibles. Según la Encuesta Nacional de Logística (ENL, 2018) solo el 69,1 % de las empresas calculan su costo logístico. Del total de empresas que miden su costo logístico, el promedio nacional reportado para este indicador como porcentaje de las ventas llega al 13,5%. El costo logístico está compuesto principalmente por el costo de almacenamiento, con un 46,5 % de participación; y el costo de transporte, con 35,2 %. Estos rubros representan el 81,7 % del costo logístico total. Lo anterior indica que en Colombia, específicamente en Barranquilla no existen estudios previos relacionados con indicadores logísticos asociados a ciudades logísticas emergentes y organizaciones sostenibles. La presente investigación busca proponer soluciones innovadoras y sostenibles para la ciudad y las empresas que están ubicadas en su área metropolitana, haciendo uso de las herramientas de la gestión de operaciones y la inteligencia de negocio. El proyecto propuesto engloba 3 etapas: 1) Construcción del estado del arte y la revisión bibliográfica a través de una investigación documental, haciendo uso de herramientas de visualización científica, 2) Caracterización de los sistemas, procesos, actores de cadena de suministro, portadores energéticos investigados a través de investigaciones descriptivas, correlacionadas y estudios de caso, y 3) Diseño de propuestas y estrategias de mejora a partir del uso de las herramientas de la gestión de operaciones y la inteligencia de negocios

Approach methodology for the sustainable design of packaging through computational tools: Case study: Water bottles

This paper presents a methodological approach that enables reducing design times through parametric analysis and computerized tools. It also describes a case study using the proposed methodology. Technical-economic benefits are presented for the substitution of the bottle’s material from PET to ABS over the bottle’s life cycle. It was identified that the global carbon footprint of ABS is smaller (0.07 kg CO2e) than that of PET (0.096 kg CO2e) in the manufacture of water bottles. However, in water euritrification there is a negative ratio of 0.4 kg

EUSO-SPB1 mission and science

The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 (EUSO-SPB1) was launched in 2017 April from Wanaka, New Zealand. The plan of this mission of opportunity on a NASA super pressure balloon test flight was to circle the southern hemisphere. The primary scientific goal was to make the first observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray extensive air showers (EASs) by looking down on the atmosphere with an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence telescope from suborbital altitude (33 km). After 12 days and 4 h aloft, the flight was terminated prematurely in the Pacific Ocean. Before the flight, the instrument was tested extensively in the West Desert of Utah, USA, with UV point sources and lasers. The test results indicated that the instrument had sensitivity to EASs of ⪆ 3 EeV. Simulations of the telescope system, telescope on time, and realized flight trajectory predicted an observation of about 1 event assuming clear sky conditions. The effects of high clouds were estimated to reduce this value by approximately a factor of 2. A manual search and a machine-learning-based search did not find any EAS signals in these data. Here we review the EUSO-SPB1 instrument and flight and the EAS search

EUSO@TurLab project in view of Mini-EUSO and EUSO-SPB2 missions

The TurLab facility is a laboratory, equipped with a 5 m diameter and 1 m depth rotating tank, located in the fourth basement level of the Physics Department of the University of Turin. In the past years, we have used the facility to perform experiments related to the observations of Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays (EECRs) from space using the fluorescence technique for JEM-EUSO missions with the main objective to test the response of the trigger logic. In the missions, the diffuse night brightness and artificial and natural light sources can vary significantly in time and space in the Field of View (FoV) of the telescope. Therefore, it is essential to verify the detector performance and test the trigger logic under such an environment. By means of the tank rotation, a various terrestrial surface with the different optical characteristics such as ocean, land, forest, desert and clouds, as well as artificial and natural light sources such as city lights, lightnings and meteors passing by the detector FoV one after the other is reproduced. The fact that the tank is located in a very dark place enables the tests under an optically controlled environment. Using the Mini-EUSO data taken since 2019 onboard the ISS, we will report on the comparison between TurLab and ISS measurements in view of future experiments at TurLab. Moreover, in the forthcoming months we will start testing the trigger logic of the EUSO-SPB2 mission. We report also on the plans and status for this purpose

Neutrino Target-of-Opportunity Observations with Space-based and Suborbital Optical Cherenkov Detectors

Cosmic-ray accelerators capable of reaching ultra-high energies are expected to also produce very-high energy neutrinos via hadronic interactions within the source or its surrounding environment. Many of the candidate astrophysical source classes are either transient in nature or exhibit flaring activity. Using the Earth as a neutrino converter, suborbital and space-based optical Cherenkov detectors, such as POEMMA and EUSO-SPB2, will be able to detect upward-moving extensive air showers induced by decaying tau-leptons generated from cosmic tau neutrinos with energies ∼10 PeV and above. Both EUSO-SPB2 and POEMMA will be able to quickly repoint, enabling rapid response to astrophysical transient events. We calculate the transient sensitivity and sky coverage for both EUSO-SPB2 and POEMMA, accounting for constraints imposed by the Sun and the Moon on the observation time. We also calculate both detectors\u27 neutrino horizons for a variety of modeled astrophysical neutrino fluences. We find that both EUSO-SPB2 and POEMMA will achieve transient sensitivities at the level of modeled neutrino fluences for nearby sources. We conclude with a discussion of the prospects of each mission detecting at least one transient event for various modeled astrophysical neutrino sources