Design Optimization of the Aeronautical Sheet Hydroforming Process Using the Taguchi Method

The aluminium alloy sheet forming processes forging in rubber pad and diaphragm presses (also known as hydroforming processes) are simple and economical processes adapted to aeronautical production. Typical defects of these processes are elastic recovery, necking, and wrinkling, and they present di culties in control mainly due to property variations of the sheet material that take place during the process. In order to make these processes robust and unresponsive to material variations, a multiobjective optimization methodology based on the Taguchi method is proposed in the present study. The design of experiments and process simulation are combined in the methodology, using the nonlinear finite element method. The properties of sheet material are considered noise factors of the hydroforming process, the objective being to find a combination of the control factors that causes minimal defects to noise factors. The methodology was applied to an AA2024-T3 aluminium alloy sheet of 1 mm thickness stamping process in a diaphragm press. The results allowed us to establish the optimal pressure values, friction coeficient between sheet and block, and friction coeficient between sheet and rubber to reduce the elastic recovery variations and the minimal thickness before noise facts

Recent ASDEX Upgrade research in support of ITER and DEMO

Recent experiments on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak aim at improving the physics base for ITER and DEMO to aid the machine design and prepare efficient operation. Type I edge localized mode (ELM) mitigation using resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) has been shown at low pedestal collisionality ( ν ∗ ped < 0 . 4 ) . In contrast to the previous high ν ∗ regime, suppression only occurs in a narrow RMP spectral window, indicating a resonant process, and a concomitant confinement drop is observed due to a reduction of pedestal top density and electron temperature. Strong evidence is found for the ion heat flux to be the decisive element for the L–H power threshold. A physics based scaling of the density at which the minimum P LH occurs indicates that ITER could take advantage of it to initiate H-mode at lower density than that of the final Q = 10 operational point. Core density fluctuation measurements resolved in radius and wave number show that an increase of R/L T e introduced by off-axis electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) mainly increases the large scale fluctuations. The radial variation of the fluctuation level is in agreement with simulations using the GENE code. Fast particles are shown to undergo classical slowing down in the absence of large scale magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) events and for low heating power, but show signs of anomalous radial redistribution at large heating power, consistent with a broadened off-axis neutral beam current drive current profile under these conditions. Neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) suppression experiments using electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) with feedback controlled deposition have allowed to test several control strategies for ITER, including automated control of (3,2) and (2,1) NTMs during a single discharge. Disruption mitigation studies using massive gas injection (MGI) can show an increased fuelling efficiency with high field side injection, but a saturation of the fuelling efficiency is observed at high injected mass as needed for runaway electron suppression. Large locked modes can significantly decrease the fuelling efficiency and increase the asymmetry of radiated power during MGI mitigation. Concerning power exhaust, the partially detached ITER divertor scenario has been demonstrated at P sep /R = 10 MW m − 1 in ASDEX Upgrade, with a peak time averaged target load around 5MWm − 2 , well consistent with the component limits for ITER. Developing this towards DEMO, full detachment was achieved at P sep /R = 7MWm − 1 and stationary discharges with core radiation fraction of the order of DEMO requirements (70% instead of the 30% needed for ITER) were demonstrated. Finally, it remains difficult to establish the standard ITER Q = 10 scenario at low q 95 = 3 in the all-tungsten (all-W) ASDEX Upgrade due to the observed poor confinement at low β N . This is mainly due to a degraded pedestal performance and hence investigations at shifting the operational point to higher β N by lowering the current have been started. At higher q 95 , pedestal performance can be recovered by seeding N 2 as well as CD 4 , which is interpreted as improved pedestal stability due to the decrease of bootstrap current with increasing Z eff . Concerning advanced scenarios, the upgrade of ECRH power has allowed experiments with central ctr-ECCD to modify the q -profile in improved H-mode scenarios, showing an increase in confinement at still good MHD stability with flat elevated q -profiles at values between 1.5 and 2.European Commission (EUROfusion 633053

Pragmática de la desinformación. Un estudio del leak de Prism a través de las reacciones de los gobiernos de Estados Unidos, Alemania y Venezuela

En este trabajo se exponen las técnicas de desinformación más comunes que se evidencian en el leak sobre el proyecto Prism de la NSA y sus inmediatas reacciones por parte de los gobiernos de Estados Unidos, Alemania y Venezuela. Para lograr este objetivo, se ha realizado un análisis cualitativo de base interpretativa al discurso de los mandatarios de los tres países, a través de las informaciones recogidas en medios digitales, mediante la localización, criba especializada, métodos de criterio de fuentes y selección aleatoria por metodología de semana construida. Los resultados evidencian el uso de al menos 11 estra- tagemas de desinformación

Political determinants in the strategic planning formulation of smart initiatives

The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by financial support from the Centre of Andalusian Studies (PR137/19), Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (RTI2018-095344-A100) and Regional Government of Andalusia, Spain (research project numbers P20_00314 and B-SEJ-556-UGR20). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA.Governments increasingly promote the adoption of smart initiatives based on the intensive use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to face urban challenges and improve the quality of life of citizens. Multiple styles of smart initiatives have been developed, depending on the government leadership, the level of participation, collaboration, and involvement of stakeholders and institutions in public decision-taking processes. In this respect, this paper identifies patterns of public strategies in their strategic planning approaches focused on political attributes, analysing 1635 smart initiatives disclosed on internet by 12 Spanish Smart Cities. Findings reveals that formal strategic planning is mainly performed in Smart Cities with conservative and coalition governments and where the predominant scope of strategy is global.Centre of Andalusian Studies (PR137/19)Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (RTI2018-095344-A100)Regional Government of Andalusia, Spain (research project numbers P20_00314 and B-SEJ-556-UGR20)Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBU

Strategic alignment of open government initiatives in Andalusia

The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by financial support from the Centre of Andalusian Studies (PR137/19), Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (RTI2018-095344-A100) and Regional Government of Andalusia, Spain (research project numbers P20_00314 and B-SEJ-556-UGR20).The emergence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has put emphasis on the open government approach (OG), provoking a cultural change in both the citizenry (demanding new ways of collaborating with public administration and more openness in government), and in the public administrations (adapting their structures and processes to support civic participation). This article analyzes both the strategies followed by local governments in implementing OG initiatives and the level of alignment of the objectives included in the municipal OG strategies with those settled by the regional government to which they belong. Empirical research on the OG objectives included in the strategic planning of large-size Andalusian municipalities has been performed. Findings reveal that most local governments are implementing a push strategy based only on more openness in government (mainly owing to normative requirements). Additionally, the objectives included in both the economic and governance dimensions are those included in the OG initiatives in municipalities, although each one has a particular way of adopting digital and OG strategies consistent with their municipal priorities and circumstances.Centre of Andalusian Studies PR137/19Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities RTI2018-095344-A100Junta de Andalucia P20_00314 B-SEJ-556-UGR2

Identifying patterns in smart initiatives’ planning in smart cities. An empirical analysis in Spanish smart cities

The smart city (SCs) movement has emerged to face urban challenges. Nonetheless, the complexity and dynamic nature of cities makes them context-dependent in their strategic planning processes concerning smart initiatives, which can lead to different solutions and outcomes of cities’ development. With the growing number of smart initiatives implemented in SCs, it becomes important both to consider how such initiatives are planned and organised, and to address the complexity and context-dependent dynamic in which such initiatives are implemented. Therefore, this study is a comprehensive analysis of number of initiatives in 12 Spanish SCs (1635 smart initiatives) to identify the relations between key characteristics of the cities (cities and citizens’ profiles) and the planning of SC strategies. Findings suggest that formal strategic planning is mainly performed in SCs with higher qualification of inhabitants, mature-aged population, and top-down strategic planning approach.Centre of Andalusian Studies under grant number PR137/19Regional Government of Andalusia (Spain), Department of Innovation, Science and Enterprise under grant numbers P20_00314 and B-SEJ-556-UGR20Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under grant number RTI2018-095344-A10

Different Levels of Smart and Sustainable Cities Construction Using e-Participation Tools in European and Central Asian Countries

Cities are developing strategies to deal with the complex challenges of global change and sustainability. These initiatives have involved the implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as a good driver for achieving sustainability because digital transformation can boost sustainable development strategies, providing opportunities to accelerate transformation. Smart City (SC) models built on empowering people in making public decisions favor access to sustainable development solutions based on knowledge and innovation. Nonetheless, SC experiences around the world denote divergent conceptions of SCs which could lead to different SCs construction. It deserves a more thorough understanding of the nature of collaboration in different settings. Therefore, this paper contributes to the debate on the different uses of ICTs in SCs construction in developing vs. developed countries, by examining the use of ICTs for creating collaborative environments in a sample of SCs in different countries, depending on their economic level, and seeking to identify differences in the objectives pursued by city governments with the use of these technologies. To achieve this aim, e-participation platforms, apps or social media platforms (European and Central Asia SCs) are examined for identifying SCs construction differences between developed vs. developing countries. The findings of this paper put an emphasis on the need for taking into account the differences among SCs in developed vs. developing countries when raking or when performance measurement is designed, because the assessment should be tailored to the cities’ particular visions and priorities for achieving their objectives.Centre of Andalusian Studies (Research proj. No. PR137/19)Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Research proj. No. RTI2018-095344-A100

Diseño de matriz como herramienta para la evaluación de requerimientos de calidad, medio ambiente y seguridad

The general objective of this research is the design of a matrix as a tool for the evaluation of quality, environmental and safety requirements for an automotive company located in Reynosa Tamaulipas, Mexico, addressing the problem that is generated due to the impact on the organization by breaches in the lack of standardization and evaluation of customer and regulatory requirements. This research is presented and developed using the logical methods of deduction, analysis and synthesis of continuous improvement, the Ishikawa methodology or fish diagram, the methodology of cause and effect analysis and risk assessment. Analyzed the changes of the norms and their requirements, it is observed that the main findings in the audits are in relation to the compliance in the evaluation of the client's requirements, due to the fact that the implementations of the management systems in the organizations are carried out in different stages. and this mismatch in project management complicates standardization and creates the potential for risk. The matrix as a tool for the evaluation of quality, environment and safety requirements provides us with guidelines to make the management of the organization more efficient, by eliminating the duplication of documents, non-applicable controls and repetitive training, it also allows us to minimize the workload and efforts generated due to the analysis of system requirements as isolated sections and not globally.El objetivo general de esta investigación es el diseño de una matriz como herramienta para la evaluación de requerimientos de calidad, medio ambiente y seguridad para una empresa automotriz ubicada en Reynosa Tamaulipas, México, abordando el problema que se genera debido al impacto en la organización por los incumplimientos en la falta de estandarización y evaluación de requerimientos de cliente y normativos. Esta investigación se presenta y desarrolla con el uso de los métodos lógicos de deducción, análisis y síntesis de mejora continua, la metodología de Ishikawa o diagrama pescado, la metodología de análisis de causa y efecto y de evaluación de riesgos. Analizados los cambios de las normas y sus requerimientos se observa que los principales hallazgos en las auditorias son con relación al cumplimento en la evaluación de requerimientos del cliente debido a que las implementaciones de los sistemas de gestión en las organizaciones se llevan a cabo en diferentes etapas y este desfase en la gestión de los proyectos complica la estandarización y genera la posibilidad de riesgos. La matriz como herramienta para la evaluación de requerimientos de calidad, medio ambiente y seguridad nos brinda la pauta para eficientizar la&nbsp; gestión de la organización, al eliminar&nbsp; la duplicidad de documentos, de controles no aplicables&nbsp; y entrenamientos repetitivos, también nos permite reducir al mínimo la carga de trabajo y esfuerzos que se genera debido al análisis de requerimientos de los sistemas como apartados aislados y no de forma global

Diseño del casco de una lancha mini-eco de competición

Tarasca es un nuevo modelo de casco MiniEco de competición, preparado para la competición con la normativa Española y que cumple estrictamente con la normativa Naviga que rige a nivel internacional esta competición. El nuevo modelo se ha diseñado pensando en la comodidad del usuario en la rapidez de preparación en competición y en el fácil acceso a los componentes internos, siendo un proyecto teórico y práctico al cincuenta por ciento.Departamento de Matemática AplicadaGrado en Ingeniería en Diseño Industrial y Desarrollo de Product