Different spatial pattern of municipal prostate cancer mortality in younger men in Spain

Prostate cancer (PC) primarily affects elderly men. However, the specific features of cases diagnosed at younger ages (<65 years) suggest that they may represent a different clinical subtype. Our aim was to assess this suggestion by contrasting the geographical PC mortality and hospital admissions patterns in Spain for all ages to those in younger men. A total of 29,566 PC deaths (6% among those <65 years) were registered between 2010– 2014, with three high-mortality risk zones: Northwest Spain; Southwest Andalusia & Granada; and a broad band extending from the Pyrenees Mountains to the north of Valencia. In younger men, the spatial patterns shared the high risk of mortality in the Northwest but not the central band. The PC hospital discharge rates confirmed a North-South gradient but also low mortality/high admission rates in Madrid and Barcelona and the opposite in Southwest Andalusia. The consistent high PC mortality/morbidity risk in the Northwest of Spain indicates an area with a real excess of risk. The different spatial pattern in younger men suggests that some factors associated with geographical risk might have differential effects by age. Finally, the regional divergences in mortality and morbidity hint at clinical variability as a source of inequity within Spain.The study was supported by research grants from the Spanish Health Research Fund ISCIII cofunded by FEDER funds -a way to build Europe (http://www.isciii.es/): PFN: FIS PI11/ 00871, BPG: FIS PI12/00150, PI17CIII/00034, GLA: PI14CIII/00050, JJJM: PI15/00914; Joint Action InfAct (European Commission): BPG: HPJA- 06-2017, PFN: HP-JA-06-2017

Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations and Breast Cancer in the SUN Project

A proportion of breast cancer cases are attributable to combined modifiable risk factors. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) has recently updated the recommendations for cancer prevention and a standard scoring system has been published. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between compliance with the 2018 WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations (Third Expert Report) and the risk of breast cancer in the SUN (“Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra”) prospective cohort. Spanish female university graduates, initially free of breast cancer, were included (n = 10,930). An 8-item score to measure compliance to the recommendations was built: body fat, physical activity, consumption of wholegrains/vegetables/fruit/beans, “fast foods”, red/processed meat consumption, sugar-sweetened drinks consumption, alcohol intake, and breastfeeding. A stratified analysis was conducted according to menopausal status. A non-significant inverse association was observed for overall breast cancer. The inverse association became statistically significant for post-menopausal breast cancer after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio for > 5 vs. ≤ 3 points = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08-0.93). The results suggested that the possible inverse association with breast cancer was attributable to the combined effects of the different nutritional and lifestyle components.Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI10/02658 PI10/02293 PI13/00615 PI14/01668 PI14/01798 PI14/01764 PI17/01795 G03/140European Union (EU) RD 06/0045European Union (EU) PI10/02658 PI10/02293 PI13/00615 PI14/01668 PI14/01798 PI14/01764 PI17/01795 G03/140Navarra Regional Government 45/2011 122/2014 41/2016University of Navarr

Un nuevo método de tratamiento para las aguas residuales de fábricas de pasta de sulfato

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química Técnica, leída en 1977.Fac. de Ciencias QuímicasTRUEProQuestpu

Hacia un uso sostenible de los recursos naturales

100 páginasColección Cuadernos UNIA. La civilización actual, en el llamado mundo desarrollado, ofrece niveles de bienestar ciertamente incomparables con los de épocas pretéritas. En los últimos 50 años, el avance material de la humanidad supera con creces el conseguido en todo el período anterior. Pero en este proceso de desarrollo, los claros parecen con frecuencia dificultar la visión inteligente y realista de las muchas sombras que amenazan no sólo el futuro, sino el propio presente de nuestro planeta

Collection and integration of local knowledge and experience through a collective spatial analysis

This article discusses the convenience of adopting an approach of Collective Spatial Analysis in the P/PGIS processes, with the aim of improving the collection and integration of knowledge and local expertise in decision-making, mainly in the fields of planning and adopting territorial policies. Based on empirical evidence, as a result of the review of scientific articles from the Web of Science database, in which it is displayed how the knowledge and experience of people involved in decision-making supported by P/PGIS are collected and used, a prototype of a WEB-GSDSS application has been developed. This prototype allows a group of people to participate anonymously, in an asynchronous and distributed way, in a decision-making process to locate goods, services, or events through the convergence of their views. Via this application, two case studies for planning services in districts of Ecuador and Italy were carried out. Early results suggest that in P/PGIS local and external actors contribute their knowledge and experience to generate information that afterwards is integrated and analysed in the decision-making process. On the other hand, in a Collective Spatial Analysis, these actors analyse and generate information in conjunction with their knowledge and experience during the process of decision-making. We conclude that, although the Collective Spatial Analysis approach presented is in a subjective and initial stage, it does drive improvements in the collection and integration of knowledge and local experience, foremost among them is an interdisciplinary geo-consensusPeer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Effects of COVID-19 on trade flows: Measuring their impact through government policy responses

This paper examines the impact of COVID-19 on bilateral trade flows using a state-of-the-art gravity model of trade. Using the monthly trade data of 68 countries exporting across 222 destinations between January 2019 and October 2020, our results are threefold. First, we find a greater negative impact of COVID-19 on bilateral trade for those countries that were members of regional trade agreements before the pandemic. Second, we find that the impact of COVID-19 is negative and significant when we consider indicators related to governmental actions. Finally, this negative effect is more intense when exporter and importer country share identical income levels. In the latter case, the highest negative impact is found for exports between high-income countriesUniversidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH) and Banco Santander through research project COVID-19 UAH 2019/00003/016/001/007. De Lucio also thanks financial support from Comunidad de Madrid and UAH (ref: EPUINV/2020/006 and H2019/HUM5761

Degradation of emerging pollutants in water under solar irradiation using novel TiO2-ZnO/clay nanoarchitectures

Emerging water pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals, are currently under study due to the increasing concern on the risks they pose on humans and the environment. Herein, solar photocatalytic technology is used for the degradation of model pharmaceuticals, including acetaminophen (ACE) and antipyrine (ANT), with novel TiO2-ZnO/clay nanoarchitectures. These photocatalysts are based on the heterojunction between TiO2-ZnO semiconductors and a delaminated layered clay. The structural, electronic and textural features of the photocatalysts were characterized by different techniques. The degradation rate has been checked under different conditions, including target compound and catalyst concentrations, intensity of the solar light and the combination of pharmaceuticals. ANT showed a higher degradation rate than ACE and in both cases the degradation was favored at low concentrations. The disappearance of both compounds was well described by a simple pseudo-first-order rate equation. Although both target compounds were almost completely removed, some TOC was still remaining corresponding to short-chain carboxylic acids and unidentified by-products with very low significance in terms of ecotoxicity. Scavengers were used to learn on the radical mechanism of the reaction and different behavior was observed for each target compound. The results of this study prove the ability and stability after several operation cycles of these novel photocatalysts to promote the degradation of these pollutants under solar light irradiationThe authors acknowledge the financial support from Spanish MINECO (project CTQ2013-41963-R). C.B. is indebted to the MINECO for a Ramon y Cajal postdoctoral contract. Thanks to Dr. Gamarra and the SAIUEx service for the TEM characterizatio

La influencia de la actividad física en la fluidez cognitiva en niños de 10 a 12 años

La fluidez cognitiva es la capacidad mental que permite producir un cierto número de soluciones ante un determinado problema. Las personas que tienen una gran fluidez cognitiva son capaces de resolver el mismo problema de muchas maneras diferentes. Esta capacidad nos ayuda a elegir la solución más adecuada a nuestras necesidades. Uno de los factores que influyen su desarrollo es la experiencia vivida ante diferentes situaciones que hemos tenido que enfrentar con anterioridad. Esta experiencia generalmente requiere alguna actividad motora, por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar si existe una relación entre la fluidez cognitiva y la cantidad de actividad física realizada por los niños en los cursos finales de educación primaria. En este estudio participaron 117 estudiantes, 64 niños y 53 niñas, con edades comprendidas entre 10 y 12 años, de una escuela de educación primaria de enseñanza pública en la ciudad de Málaga (España). Para la evaluación de la fluidez cognitiva, se utilizó la forma B de la Prueba de pensamiento creativo de Torrance (TTCT). El cuestionario del Perfil de Actividad Juvenil (YAP) se utilizó para estimar la cantidad de actividad física que los niños hacen normalmente. Otras variables antropométricas como la altura, el peso y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) se calcularon mediante un estadiómetro y técnicas de bioimpedancia. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron diferencias significativas en la fluidez cognitiva entre los niños que realizaron una actividad física baja en comparación con aquellos que realizaron la mayor cantidad de actividad física. Podemos decir que la práctica de actividad física habitual puede ser un elemento que favorece la fluidez cognitiva que se desarrolla durante la infancia. Se requiere investigación adicional para comprender qué factores pueden determinar el nivel de desarrollo de capacidades cognitivas durante la infancia y cuáles son las formas más efectivas de mejorarlas.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte a través de las ayudas para la Formación de Profesorado Universitario (FPU17/01554)