Magnesium Deintercalation From the Spinel-Type MgMn2-yFeyO4 (0.4≤y≤2.0) by Acid-Treatment and Electrochemistry

Rechargeable magnesium batteries attract lots of attention because of their high safety and low cost compared to lithium batteries, and it is needed to develop more efficient electrode materials. Although MgMn2O4 is a promising material for the positive electrode in Mg rechargeable batteries, it usually exhibits poor cyclability. To improve the electrochemical behavior, we have prepared nanoparticles of MgMn2-yFeyO4. The XRD results have confirmed that when Mn3+ (Jahn-Teller ion) ions are replaced by Fe3+ (non-Jahn-Teller ion), the resulting MgMn2-yFeyO4 is a cubic phase. The structure and theoretical voltage are theoretically calculated by using the DFT method. The obtained samples have been chemically treated in acid solution for partial demagnesiation, and it is observed that the presence of iron inhibits the deinsertion of Mg through disproportionation and favors the exchange reaction. The electrochemical behavior in non-aqueous magnesium cells has been explored

Con-Vive y Sé Feliz Proyecto de innovación sobre la convivencia escolar

Dissetenes Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2012)“El aprendizaje de la convivencia no consiste en predicar valores, sino en “practicarlos” desarrollando las capacidades que constituyen la “inteligencia moral y emocional”: ”: el conocimiento de uno mismo, la empatía, la comprensión crítica, el juicio moral, la autonomía, la solidaridad, etc.” (Acosta Mesas, 2008: 127). Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal, mejorar la convivencia en las aulas de un colegio público. Para ello, se ha partido de la necesidad de elaborar un cuestionario dirigido a los maestros de dicho centro para conocer la problemática existente y comprobar las necesidades planteadas en el mismo. Una vez analizadas las respuestas, se ha podido comprobar que la problemática surgida son una serie de conflictos y problemas de convivencia, sobre todo en el último ciclo de primaria. Para responder a las necesidades surgidas se ha elaborado un dossier con toda una serie de estrategias y actividades enfocadas a mejorar la convivencia del centro, en especial, en las aulas del tercer ciclo

Physical fitnnes, fat distribution and health in school-age children (7 to 12 years) (Condición física, distribucion grasa y salud en escolares aragoneses (7 a 12 años))

La condición física, adiposidad y distribución grasa observadas en la infancia, han mostrado tener relación con la salud cardiovascular en la edad adulta. Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de condición física en escolares de 7 a 12 años y su relación con niveles saludables de condición aeróbica y distribución grasa. Se valoraron 1068 niños y niñas aragoneses de 7-12 años de edad. Se evaluó la condición física con la batería Eurofit y el grado de adiposidad y distribución grasa mediante antropometría. Se obtienen valores normativos de condición física. Un 9,1% de los chicos y 4,8% de las chicas presenta riesgo fututo de salud sobre la base de su condición aeróbica. Mejor condición aeróbica se asocia con cantidades significativamente menores de grasa subcutánea total y en el tronco. Es importante incorporar la evaluación del nivel de condición física y distribución grasa en la valoración del riesgo de salud desde edades tempranas

Implicaciones terapéuticas de los conflictos cognitivos

El objetivo de este estudio es presentar algunas aplicaciones clínicas, en particular con respecto a la formulación de hipótesis en psicoterapia, del trabajo con conflictos cognitivos. Desarrollamos un método sistemático para la detección de estos conflictos basado en la técnica de rejilla y elaboramos las implicaciones para el proceso terapéutico que sirven como basede un método de análisis de conflictos. Este método es' usado como foco de la terapia con clientes con conflictos cognitivos

Early Cretaceous charophytes from South Dobrogea (Romania). Biostratigraphy and palaeobiogeography.

Eleven boreholes and one outcrop of the Lower Cretaceous in South Dobrogea (south-eastern Romania) were sampled for charophytes. Twenty species are described and illustrated in two non-marine rock units, the Zăvoaia Member and the Gherghina Formation. The Zăvoaia Member contains a charophyte assemblage dominated by Feistiella bijuescensis, aff. Mesochara harrisii, Nodosoclavator bradleyi, Clavator bilateralis, and Clavator grovesii var. grovesii, indicating a Berriasian age. Other less abundant species include Feistiella sp., Latochara sp., Mesochara dobrogeica sp. nov., Globator maillardii var. nurrensis, Atopochara trivolvis var. micrandra, Clavator grovesii var. discordis, Hemiclavator adnatus, and Hemiclavator neimongolensis var. posticecaptus. The occurrence of G. maillardii var. nurrensis in this assemblage suggests late Berriasian age. The Gherghina Formation is dominated by the species Atopochara trivolvis var. triquetra and Clavator grovesii var. jiuquanensis. Other less abundant species include Sphaerochara andersonii, aff. Mesochara harrisii, Globator maillardii var. trochiliscoides, Globator maillardii var. biutricularis, Clavator harrisii var. reyi, and Clavator ampullaceus var. latibracteatus var. nov. This assemblage indicates a late Barremian-early Aptian age. This study sheds new light on the palaeobiogeographical distribution of Lower Cretaceous charophytes in the Tethyan realm. Well-known western European charophyte species such as F. bijuescensis, S. andersonii, G. maillardii var. trochiliscoides, H. adnatus, and H. neimongolensis var. posticecaptus are herein described for the first time in eastern Europe. Very significantly, this is the first report in Europe of the hitherto North American taxon C. bilateralis, while the species C. ampullaceus has previously been reported only from the Middle East and eastern Africa

Effects of a 75-km mountain ultra-marathon on heart rate variability in amateur runners

BACKGROUND: This study examined the effects of a mountain ultra-marathon (MUM) on the activity of the autonomous nervous system through heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring and determined whether this variable related to final performance. METHODS: Heart rate and HRV were measured in eight male amateur runners (aged 37-60 years). Measurements were recorded before and after the event, in resting conditions, as well as continuously throughout the whole MUM. In addition, percentage (%) of heart rate reserve (HRres) and partial and total times during the race were analyzed. RESULTS: Average heart rate (HRavg) measured at rest was increased after the event (+37%). Standard deviation of successive differences (SDSD) and the square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD) were reduced after the MUM (-56% and -59%, respectively). There was a positive relationship between the frequency-domain index normalized low frequency power (PLFn) measured at rest before the event and race time (0.79) while there was a negative relationship between race time and the difference in HRavg before and after the event. In the last half of the event, there was a high correlation (Spearman coefficient of correlation >0.9) between race time and the standard deviation of the NN intervals (SDNN) registered during the race. CONCLUSIONS: Autonomous cardiac regulation can be related to the performance in a mountain ultra-marathon. HRV monitoring could represent a practical tool for the evaluation of the relationship between the autonomous nervous system activity and performance in a mountain ultra-marathon

Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in diets fed to sows on fatty acids in brain, muscle and skin of their piglets

The aim of this research was to determine fatty acid profiles in piglet brain, skin, and muscle, and in the milk of sows fed fat with different saturation grades during gestation and lactation. At 42 days of gestation, 50 multiparous sows were randomly allocated to one of two treatments, namely a diet containing pork lard (n = 25) and a diet containing soybean oil (n = 25). The fats were provided at 3.6% during gestation and at 4% during lactation. The experimental diets were offered through the weaning of the piglets. The fatty acid profile of the milk was determined fourteen days after parturition. At weaning (21 days postpartum) and seven days later, one of the piglets (n = 64) from 16 sows allocated to each treatment was selected at random to determine fatty acid profiles in brain, skin and muscle. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were higher in the diet with pork lard than in that with soybean oil, in which the polyunsaturated fat content was higher. A higher saturation of fatty acids was found in milk from the sows that consumed pork lard, which contained more saturated fatty acids than the milk from sows that consumed soybean oil. The fatty acid profiles in muscle and skin of the piglets were affected by the diet of the sows. However, the fatty acid profile of the piglets’ brains was not affected by the diet of their mothers. Keywords: fat saturation, lard, piglet survival, sow feeding, soybean oi

Opinión de egresados en enfermería sobre la congruencia de los contenidos curriculares con los requerimientos laborales

ResumenLos perfiles profesionales de los egresados en área de la salud, y en particular de enfermería, requieren ajustarse a la compleja interacción que demandan las necesidades sociales y las exigencias del mercado laboral. Esto crea la necesidad de identificar fortalezas y debilidades durante su formación profesional a través de la sistematización de estudios de egresados, los cuales orientan a la mejora continua de los programas educativos, para facilitar la incorporación y desarrollo de los(as) egresados(as) en el ámbito laboral.ObjetivoDescribir la opinión de los egresados de enfermería de la Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala sobre la congruencia de los contenidos curriculares y requerimientos laborales al ofrecer el cuidado profesional.Material y métodosEstudio descriptivo, transversal. Incluyó 84 egresados de 3 generaciones, seleccionados por muestreo simple aleatorio. Se empleó un cuestionario adecuado y estructurado con base en la propuesta de la Asociación Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educación Superior de 1998, organizado en 6 apartados.ResultadosEl 87% opinan que los contenidos curriculares son congruentes con las actividades que realizan al ofrecer el cuidado, el 86% perciben satisfacción de sus conocimientos, el 85% se consideran bien aceptados laboralmente, el 95% aprecian relevante su desempeño laboral, el 66% son contratados en 2.° y 3.er nivel de atención en el sector salud.ConclusionesLos egresados consideran que existe congruencia entre los contenidos curriculares con el desempeño profesional; se ubican mayormente en áreas asistenciales del 2.° y 3.er nivel de atención, y perciben satisfacción de los conocimientos adquiridos y aceptación laboral.AbstractProfessional profiles of graduates from the health areas, and particularly those from nursing, require adjustments in order to meet the complex interactions which social needs and labor market characteristics demand. This situation creates the need to identify strengths and weaknesses in the formation of these graduates. By systematizing and continuously improving their studies, a successful incorporation and development into the complex labor markets is more likely to be achieved.ObjectiveTo describe the opinion which the nursing graduates from the Tlaxcala Autonomous University have on the congruency of the curricular contents and the working requirements while providing professional care.Materials and methodsDescriptive and transversal study which included 84 graduates from 3 generations who were selected by random simple sampling, and which used a structured and convenient questionnaire following the 1998 ANUIES proposal organized in 6 dominions.Results87% of the participants opined the curricular contents are congruent with the activities they do while providing care; 86% perceive satisfaction with their knowledge; 85% consider they are well fit regarding labor; 95% consider their working performance relevant; 66% are hired into the Health Sector's 2nd and 3rd levels of attention.ConclusionsThere is congruency between the curricular contents and their professional performance; the graduates are mainly located within the assisting areas of the 2nd and 3rd levels of attention; they feel satisfied with their knowledge and perceive labor acceptance

A new Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess chocolate and cocoa consumption

Objective Cocoa has been highlighted as a food with potential benefits to human health because of its polyphenol content. However, few studies show the contribution of cocoa and chocolate products in polyphenol intake. The aim of this work was to develop a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for evaluating the intake of food products containing cocoa (C-FFQ). Methods A sample of 50 university students was recruited to complete the 90-item questionnaire, a validated questionnaire (called here European Food Safety Authority [EFSA]-Q) as well as a 24-hour dietary recall (24 HDR). Spearman correlation test, Bland-Altman plots, and quintile classification analysis were conducted together with the Wilcoxon test and descriptive statistics. Results Significant correlations between the C-FFQ and the EFSA-Q for the most common cocoa/chocolate products were observed (P < 0.05), as well as between data from the C-FFQ and 24 HDR (P < 0.05). However, a number of cocoa/chocolate products frequently consumed by the participants were detected by the C-FFQ and 24 HDR which were not included in the EFSA-Q. According to the C-FFQ, chocolate bars were the main source of cocoa in university students, but dairy products also provided an important amount of cocoa. Conclusion The developed C-FFQ questionnaire can be considered as a valid option for assessing the consumption frequency of cocoa/chocolate-derived products, thereby allowing the evaluation of cocoa polyphenol intake in further studies

Reduced plasma extracellular vesicle CD5L content in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure: interplay with specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators.

Acute-on chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome that develops in patients with acutely decompensated cirrhosis (AD). It is characterized by a systemic hyperinflammatory state, leading to multiple organ failure. Our objective was to analyze macrophage anti-inflammatory protein CD5L in plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) and assess its as yet unknown relationship with lipid mediators in ACLF. With this aim, EVs were purified by size exclusion chromatography from the plasma of healthy subjects (HS) (n=6) and patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC) (n=6), AD (n=11) and ACLF (n=11), which were defined as positive for CD9, CD5L and CD63 and their size, number, morphology and lipid mediator content were characterized by NTA, EM, and LC-MS/MS, respectively. Additionally, plasma CD5L was quantified by ELISA in 10 HS, 20 CC and 149 AD patients (69 ACLF). Moreover, macrophage CD5L expression and the biosynthesis of specialized lipid mediators (SPMs) were characterized in vitro in primary cells. Our results indicate that circulating EVs were significantly suppressed in cirrhosis, regardless of severity, and showed considerable alterations in CD5L and lipid mediator content as the disease progressed. In AD, levels of EV CD5L correlated best with those of the SPM RvE1. Analysis of total plasma supported these data and showed that, in ACLF, low CD5L levels were associated with circulatory (p<0.001), brain (p<0.008) and respiratory (p<0.05) failure (Mann-Whitney test). Functional studies in macrophages indicated a positive feedback loop between CD5L and RvE1 biosynthesis. In summary, we have determined a significant alteration of circulating EV contents in ACLF, with a loss of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving molecules involved in the control of acute inflammation in this condition