265 research outputs found
Multi-Modal Neuroimaging Analysis and Visualization Tool (MMVT)
Sophisticated visualization tools are essential for the presentation and
exploration of human neuroimaging data. While two-dimensional orthogonal views
of neuroimaging data are conventionally used to display activity and
statistical analysis, three-dimensional (3D) representation is useful for
showing the spatial distribution of a functional network, as well as its
temporal evolution. For these purposes, there is currently no open-source, 3D
neuroimaging tool that can simultaneously visualize desired combinations of
MRI, CT, EEG, MEG, fMRI, PET, and intracranial EEG (i.e., ECoG, depth
electrodes, and DBS). Here we present the Multi-Modal Visualization Tool
(MMVT), which is designed for researchers to interact with their neuroimaging
functional and anatomical data through simultaneous visualization of these
existing imaging modalities. MMVT contains two separate modules: The first is
an add-on to the open-source, 3D-rendering program Blender. It is an
interactive graphical interface that enables users to simultaneously visualize
multi-modality functional and statistical data on cortical and subcortical
surfaces as well as MEEG sensors and intracranial electrodes. This tool also
enables highly accurate 3D visualization of neuroanatomy, including the
location of invasive electrodes relative to brain structures. The second module
includes complete stand-alone pre-processing pipelines, from raw data to
statistical maps. Each of the modules and module features can be integrated,
separate from the tool, into existing data pipelines. This gives the tool a
distinct advantage in both clinical and research domains as each has highly
specialized visual and processing needs. MMVT leverages open-source software to
build a comprehensive tool for data visualization and exploration.Comment: 29 pages, 10 figure
The dawn of the dead : (improbable) art after aI-zombie apocalypse
In recent years there has been growing interest in artificial neural networks (ANNs) which are quickly becoming the primary device for machine learning. Used for finding patterns in large data sets, ANNs were also recently employed in many artistic contexts: as tools for artists, semi-independent creators of content, and even as invisible "critics" which / who predict our aesthetic preferences. The aim of this paper is to speculate about the disruptive effect of these ‘alien agencies’ on the (modernist) aesthetic regime of art centred around the notion of autonomy. The author examines how neural networks and connectionist epistemologies may potentially affect the most common ways of producing, circulating, and valorising art. He claims that the possibility of automatizing creativity and art criticism may lead to the emergence of a new aesthetic regime based on forms of dynamic, distributed and probabilistic governance
Association of Intrauterine Exposure to Maternal Diabetes and Obesity With Type 2 Diabetes in Youth: The SEARCH Case-Control Study
OBJECTIVE—Limited data exist on the association between in utero exposure to maternal diabetes and obesity and type 2 diabetes in diverse youth. These associations were explored in African-American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white youth participating in the SEARCH Case-Control Study
Prescription Medicines and the Risk of Road Traffic Crashes: A French Registry-Based Study
Using three nationwide databases in France, Ludivine Orriols, Emmanuel Lagarde, and colleagues provide evidence that prescribed medicines contribute to the risk of experiencing a road traffic crash
Attributable mortality to radon exposure in Galicia, Spain. Is it necessary to act in the face of this health problem?
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Radon is the second risk factor for lung cancer after tobacco consumption and therefore it is necessary to know the burden of disease due to its exposure. The objective of this study is to estimate radon-attributable lung cancer mortality in Galicia, a high emission area located at the Northwest Spain.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A prevalence-based attribution method was applied. Prevalence of tobacco use and radon exposure were obtained from a previously published study of the same area. Attributable mortality was calculated for each of six possible risk categories, based on radon exposure and smoking status. Two scenarios were used, with 37 Bq/m<sup>3 </sup>and 148 Bq/m<sup>3 </sup>as the respective radon exposure thresholds. As the observed mortality we used lung cancer mortality for 2001 from the Galician mortality registry.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Mortality exclusively attributable to radon exposure ranged from 3% to 5% for both exposure thresholds, respectively. Attributable mortality to combined exposure to radon and smoking stood at around 22% for exposures above 148 Bq/m<sup>3</sup>. Applying the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) action level, radon has a role in 25% of all lung cancers.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Although the estimates have been derived from a study with a relatively limited sample size, these results highlight the importance of radon exposure as a cause of lung cancer and its effect in terms of disease burden. Radon mitigation activities in the study area must therefore be enforced.</p
The impact of workplace risk factors on the occurrence of neck and upper limb pain: a general population study
BACKGROUND: Work-related neck and upper limb pain has mainly been studied in specific occupational groups, and little is known about its impact in the general population. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and population impact of work-related neck and upper limb pain. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of 10 000 adults in North Staffordshire, UK, in which there is a common local manual industry. The primary outcome measure was presence or absence of neck and upper limb pain. Participants were asked to give details of up to five recent jobs, and to report exposure to six work activities involving the neck or upper limbs. Psychosocial measures included job control, demand and support. Odds ratios (ORs) and population attributable fractions were calculated for these risk factors. RESULTS: The age-standardized one-month period prevalence of neck and upper limb pain was 44%. There were significant independent associations between neck and upper limb pain and: repeated lifting of heavy objects (OR = 1.4); prolonged bending of neck (OR = 2.0); working with arms at/above shoulder height (OR = 1.3); little job control (OR = 1.6); and little supervisor support (OR = 1.3). The population attributable fractions were 0.24 (24%) for exposure to work activities and 0.12 (12%) for exposure to psychosocial factors. CONCLUSION: Neck and upper limb pain is associated with both physical and psychosocial factors in the work environment. Inferences of cause-and-effect from cross-sectional studies must be made with caution; nonetheless, our findings suggest that modification of the work environment might prevent up to one in three of cases of neck and upper limb pain in the general population, depending on current exposures to occupational risk
Assessing risk of breast cancer in an ethnically South-East Asia population (results of a multiple ethnic groups study)
10.1186/1471-2407-12-529BMC Cancer12-BCMA
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