Bienzymatic-based electrochemical DNA biosensors: a way to lower the detection limit of hybridization assays

5 pagesInternational audienceThe use of the alkaline phosphatase (AP) as enzyme label and the amplification of its analytical response with a diaphorase (DI) secondary enzyme were investigated in an electrochemical hybridization assay involving arrays of carbon screen-printed DNA biosensors for the sensitive quantification of an amplified 406-base pair human cytomegalovirus DNA sequence (HCMV DNA). For this purpose, PCR-amplified biotinylated HCMV DNA targets were simultaneously bound to a monolayer of neutravidin irreversibly adsorbed on the surface of the electrodes and hybridized to complementary digoxigenin-labeled detection probes. The amount of hybrids immobilized on the electrode surface was labeled with an anti-digoxigenin AP conjugate and quantified electrochemically by measuring the activity of the AP label through the hydrolysis of the electroinactive p-aminophenylphosphate (PAPP) substrate into the p-aminophenol (PAP) product. The intensity of the cyclic voltammetric anodic peak current resulting from the oxidation of PAP into p-quinoneimine (PQI) was related to the number of viral amplified DNA targets present in the sample, and a detection limit of 10 pM was thus achieved. The electrochemical response of the AP label product was further enhanced by adding the diaphorase enzymatic amplifier in the solution. In the presence of the auxiliary enzyme DI, the PQI was reduced back to PAP and the resulting oxidized form of DI was finally regenerated in its reduced native state by its natural substrate, NADH. Such bienzymatic amplification scheme enabled a 100-fold lowering of the HCMV DNA detection limit obtained with the monoenzymatic system

Noble Metal Nanoparticles for Biosensing Applications

In the last decade the use of nanomaterials has been having a great impact in biosensing. In particular, the unique properties of noble metal nanoparticles have allowed for the development of new biosensing platforms with enhanced capabilities in the specific detection of bioanalytes. Noble metal nanoparticles show unique physicochemical properties (such as ease of functionalization via simple chemistry and high surface-to-volume ratios) that allied with their unique spectral and optical properties have prompted the development of a plethora of biosensing platforms. Additionally, they also provide an additional or enhanced layer of application for commonly used techniques, such as fluorescence, infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Herein we review the use of noble metal nanoparticles for biosensing strategies—from synthesis and functionalization to integration in molecular diagnostics platforms, with special focus on those that have made their way into the diagnostics laboratory

Elaboration puis enquête d'impact d'un guide pratique de prise en charge de la douleur à usage médical et paramédical au Centre hospitalier de Moulins, hors pédiatrie et chirurgie

CLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Subfemtomolar electrochemical detection of target DNA by catalytic enlargement of the hybridized gold nanoparticle labels

7 pagesInternational audienceAfter showing the failure of conventional gold-enhancement procedures to amplify the gold nanoparticle-based electrochemical transduction of DNA hybridization in polystyrene microwells, a new efficient protocol was developed and evaluated for the sensitive quantification of a 35 base-pair human cytomegalovirus nucleic acid target (tDNA). In this assay, the hybridization of the target adsorbed on the bottom of microwells with an oligonucleotide-modified Au nanoparticle detection probe (pDNA-Au) was monitored by the anodic stripping detection of the chemically oxidized gold label at a screen-printed microband electrode (SPMBE). Thanks to the combination of the sensitive AuIII determination at a SPMBE with the large number of AuIII released from each pDNA-Au, picomolar detection limits of tDNA can be achieved. Further enhancement of the hybridization signal based on the autocatalytic reductive deposition of ionic gold (AuIII) on the surface of the gold nanoparticle labels anchored on the hybrids was first envisaged by incubating the commonly used mixture of AuIII and hydroxylamine (NH2OH). However, due to a considerable nonspecific current response of poor reproducibility it was not possible to significantly improve the analytical performances of the method under these conditions. Complementary transmission electronic microscopy experiments indicated the loss of most of the grown gold labels during the post-enlargement rinsing step. To circumvent this drawback, a polymeric solute containing polyethyleneglycol and sodium chloride was introduced in the growth media to act as aggregating agent during the catalytic process and thus retain the enlarged labels on the bottom of the microwell. This strategy, which led to an efficient increase of the hybridization response, allowed detection of tDNA concentrations as low as 600 aM (i.e., 104 lower than without amplification) and thus offers great promise for ultrasensitive detection of other hybridization events

MÉTHODE DE DÉTECTION ÉLECTROCHIMIQUE DE SÉQUENCES CIBLES D'ACIDE NUCLÉIQUE

L'invention concerne une méthode et un ensemble de détection électrochimique de séquences cibles d'acide nucléique. Selon la méthode, on fournit un échantillon biologique susceptible de renfermer un acide nucléique, ledit acide nucléique étant susceptible de contenir une séquence cible, ledit échantillon biologique étant mélangé à un agent oxydant, ladite séquence cible comportant au moins une base nucléotidique oxydable par ledit agent oxydant ; on fournit des moyens complémentaires susceptibles de se coupler avec ladite séquence cible ; selon l'invention lesdits moyens complémentaires comprennent des moyens d'amplification activables adaptés à répliquer ladite séquence cible, lesdits moyens d'amplification comprenant au moins des nucléotides incluant ladite base nucléotidique, lesdits nucléotides étant aptes à être consommés durant la réplication pour constituer des acides nucléiques répliqués, et ; on détermine la présence de ladite séquence cible en appliquant un champ électrique audit échantillon et en enregistrant la décroissance du courant électrique

An electrochemical DNA biosensor for the detection of CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in soil samples

International audienceAn electrochemical hybridization assay involving neutravidin-coated carbon screen-printed electrodes and an HRP-based detection have been shown to provide an effective tool for the genotypic analysis of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli strains in complex samples such as soil. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Détection ampérométrique des <em>Escherichia coli</em> productrices de beta-lactamases à spectre étendu dans les effluents de station d’épuration

National audienceLes Escherichia coli productrices de β-lactamases à spectre étendu (E. coli BLSE) sont résistantes à la plupart des β-lactamines et deviennent un problème majeur de santé publique en médecine humaine. Leur présence dans le tube digestif des humains fait que grandes quantités d’E. coli BLSE sont présentes dans les eaux usées qui arrivent dans les stations d’épuration (STEP). Malgré les traitements réalisés dans les STEP, des quantités non négligeables d’E. coli BLSE sont encore présentes dans les effluents traités directement rejetés dans l’environnement. Ces rejets peuvent être à l’origine d’une contamination des eaux récréatives et constituer un risque sanitaire pour les populations exposées. La mise au point de tests rapides et pratiques est donc nécessaire pour détecter et quantifier ces E. coli BLSE dans les réseaux d’eaux usées et les environnements naturels. Cette étude à eu pour objectif de développer une méthode ampérométrique rapide pour quantifier les E. coli BLSE dans les effluents de STEP. La première étape consiste en une double filtration sur membranes d’un échantillon d’eau de STEP, suivie d’une analyse ampérométrique en deux étapes : (1) une mise en culture (4-5h) de chaque membrane dans un milieu liquide contenant du céfotaxime ± acide clavulanique (inhibiteur de BLSE) et (2) une incubation (15min) de chaque culture filtrée sur membrane en présence de Nitrocéfine, dont l’hydrolyse par les β-lactamases est suivie par ampérométrie. Deux intensités sont ainsi mesurées : iCef et iClav et la valeur i = iCef - iClav est utilisée pour quantifier les E. coli BLSE présentes dans l’échantillon en se basant sur des courbes de calibration. Une bonne corrélation de cette estimation ampérométrique (5-6h) avec un dénombrement classique sur milieu gélosé (24h) est obtenue après avoir analysé une quarantaine d’échantillons. Cette méthode est très prometteuse dans le domaine de l’analyse des eaux usées et des eaux récréatives

Evaluation de la qualité microbiologique des eaux de baignade via la mesure ampérométrique d’activités enzymatiques

BIOMEEAUBEvaluation de la qualité microbiologique des eaux de baignade via la mesure ampérométrique d’activités enzymatiques. XV. Colloque du Groupe Français de Bioélectrochimi

An amperometric method for the rapid detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing<em> Escherichia coli</em> in wastewater treatment plant effluents

National audienceContext: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL E. coli) are resistant to most β-lactams and have become a major concern in human and veterinary medicine. As E. coli and antibiotic resistant strains are part of the intestinal flora of humans, large amounts of these bacteria are present in wastewaters. Though treatments are performed in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), large quantities of bacteria are still present in the treated effluents rejected into the environment. These releases can cause contaminations of recreational waters and thus present a health risk to exposed populations. Therefore, rapid and convenient assays are highly desired for the quantification of ESBL E. coli in the wastewater network and in natural environments. Objective of the study: Development of a nitrocefin-based amperometric method for the rapid quantification of ESBL E. coli in WWTP effluents Methods: Raw and treated wastewaters were filtered in duplicate through 0.45 μm filters (HAWP, 47 mm, Millipore). The amperometric assay involved two main steps: (1) the subculturing of the filtered samples in the presence of cefotaxime supplemented or not with the potassium clavulanate (ESBL inhibitor) for a few hours (4-5h) followed by, (2) the incubation of each subculture filtrate (v = 10 mL; HVLP filter, 0.45 μm, 13 mm, Millipore) with the nitrocefin substrate which hydrolysis was monitored by amperometry. iCef and iClav correspond to the intensity of the anodic current measured (~ + 0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl) for the sample incubated with the cefotaxime without and with potassium clavulanate, respectively. The value i = iCef – iClav was calculated and selected as the analytical response to assess the amount of EBSL E. coli producers. Results: The mean calibration plots for the raw and treated wastewaters (Figure 1) were obtained by analyzing CTX-M type ESBL E. coli strains found in wastewaters (blaCTX-M-1 and blaCTX-M-15 genes) and were used for the determination of ESBL E. coli in 20 raw wastewater and 20 treated wastewater samples. To check the reliability of the amperometric assay, the results were compared to a conventional counting on TBX agar plates supplemented with cefotaxime (Figure 2). Conclusion: An excellent correlation was obtained between the amperometric assay and the enumeration. This amperometric assay (5-6h) which is considerably less time-consuming than the culture-based method (24h) holds great promise for the rapid quantification of ESBL E. coli in the wastewater networks but also in other types of water samples (rivers, marine waters, etc.)