La acción social ante la crisis global

La crisis global exige profundas mutaciones en todos los subsistemas de la sociedad, y requiere de nuevas conceptualizaciones, mapas conceptuales y transiciones técnicas en el ámbito de la intervención social. A partir de las convulsiones del Estado de Bienestar, de las reducciones presupuestarias, del aumento de las demandas en situación de emergencia, de las exigencias de la cultura actual del derecho y de los procesos de mundialización, se recrea el lugar de la acción social: como atención a las privaciones, despliegue de las capacidades y fomento de la acción conjunta. Asimismo, se necesita abrir la acción social a distintos actores: al Estado con sus administraciones, al mercado con sus instituciones, a los profesionales con sus saberes expertos, a la sociedad civil con sus organizaciones sociales. La actual crisis obliga a recrear la gestión del tiempo en la intervención social, en la medida que solicita su presencia en situaciones de grave emergencia y en procesos sociales. La actual crisis cuestiona la organización por sectores, que se construyó sobre la desconexión y la auto-referencialidad, para explorar nuevas formas de implicación y organización en red. Finalmente, se recrea el tipo de relación que no se somete ni a la lógica del beneficio, propia del mercado, ni a la asignación por autoridad, propia del Estado; el paradigma de la comunicación permite explorar nuevas relaciones en el interior de los servicios sociales.The global crisis is demanding in-depth changes in all society's sub-systems, and requires new conceptions, conceptual maps and technical transitions in the field of social intervention. Since all the convulsions in the Welfare State, budget reductions, the increase in demands in an emergency situation, the demands of today's rights culture and globalisation processes, the place of social action is being recreated: as care for deprivation, deployment of capabilities and promotion of joint action. Social action also needs to be opened up to different agents: to the State with its administrations, to the market with its institutions, to professionals with their expert fields of know-how, to civil society with its social organisations. The present crisis is forcing us to adopt a new approach to the management of time in social intervention, insofar as its presence is required in serious emergency situations and in social processes. The present crisis questions organisation by sectors, built up on disconnection and self-referentiality, in order to explore new forms of involvement and network organisation. Finally, there is a recreation of the type of relationship which submits neither to the logic of profit proper to the market nor to the assignation by authority proper to the State; the paradigm of communication is enabling new relations within social services to be explored

Memorias silenciadas en la construcción de los servicios sociales

[email protected] artículo revisa la historia de la formación del sistema público de servicios sociales en España y expone «las rutas que no se navegaron», los derechos y las aspiraciones a que dieron lugar o conformaron unas expectativas, el origen de la des institucionalización, la pérdida de movimiento social y el desarrollo comunitario. El principio neoliberal y la exaltación de la gestión, la conquista de las profesiones y la ingeniería social han contribuido a silenciar un proceso que todavía se puede recuperar. ¿Cómo? El autor plantea que los servicios sociales han de ser capaces de producir significados personales tales como el sentido de pertenencia, la confianza, la identidad y el reconocimiento. Son valores que se cultivan en los mundos de vida. Para ello, el usuario ha de dejar de ser un simple cliente para ser un co-productor en los servicios a las personas y asumir el papel de actor en el proceso. La intervención que se sustancia en la construcción de vínculos sociales, fórmulas de partenariado y modos de asociación cuyo éxito mayor se basa en el ejercicio de la solidaridad y en la dignificación del ser humano, podrán ser sus criterios para elaborar guías de actuación.This article reviews the history of the formation of the public social service system in Spain and explores some routes not taken: the rights and aspirations to which they gave rise or created expectations, the origin of deinstitutionalization and the loss of social movement and community development. Neoliberal principals and the exalted rise of management, the conquest of professions and social engineering have contributed to silencing a process which can still be recovered. How? The author proposes the idea that social services must be able to produce personal meaning such as the sense of belonging, trust, identify and recognition. They are values which are cultivated in the worlds of life. For that, the user must cease being a mere client in order to become a co-producer of services for people and take on the role of actor in the process. The intervention that takes shape by building social ties, partnership formulas and means of association whose greatest success is based on the exercise of solidarity and human dignity can be the criteria to create behavioral models

Nuevas tecnologías en el registro y visualización de elementos de patrimonio cultural

Se trata de la presentación de nuevas tecnologías (SIG/ SIG-3D/ TIC, modelos interactivos) así como de dispositivos avanzados (Escáner láser terrestre) para la representación y visualización de edificios históricos y su aplicación a la valorización del patrimonio cultural. El estudio e investigación que ha realizado el Laboratorio de Modelización Virtual de la Ciudad (LMVC) de la ETSAB UPC, aporta las tecnologías más avanzada para este propósito, y una amplia experiencia en la generación de modelos de entornos virtuales, que proporcionan hallazgos significativos en este campo y que auguran un potencial extenso de investigación en este campo

ACUTE EFFECTS OF SMALL CHANGES IN BICYCLE SADDLE HEIGHT ON PEDALLING COORDINATION

The purpose of this study was to analyse the acute effects of small changes in bicycle saddle height on pedalling coordination, using vector coding analysis. Lower extremity kinematic data were collected from ten well-trained cyclists while they pedalled at three different saddle heights in random order: preferred, 2% higher and 2% lower than preferred position. A modified vector coding technique and circular statistics were used to quantify coordination for selected hip-knee, hip-ankle, and knee-ankle joint couplings. The results indicate that modifications in saddle height produced moderate alterations in the frequency of movement patterns, which were not enough to alter the classification of coordination. The small modifications observed were in the direction of increasing the frequency of the proximal coordinative pattern as the saddle height decreased

Validation of a Virtual Assistant for Improving Medication Adherence in Patients with Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Depressive Disorder

Virtual assistants are programs that interact with users through text or voice messages simulating a human-based conversation. The development of healthcare virtual assistants that use messaging platforms is rapidly increasing. Still, there is a lack of validation of these assistants. In particular, this work aimed to validate the effectiveness of a healthcare virtual assistant, integrated within messaging platforms, with the aim of improving medication adherence in patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and depressive disorder. For this purpose, a nine-month pilot study was designed and subsequently conducted. The virtual assistant reminds patients about their medication and provides healthcare professionals with the ability to monitor their patients. We analyzed the medication possession ratio (MPR), measured the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and obtained the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) score in the patients before and after the study. We also conducted interviews with all participants. A total of thirteen patients and five nurses used and evaluated the proposed virtual assistant using the messaging platform Signal. Results showed that on average, the medication adherence improved. In the final interview, 69% of the patients agreed with the idea of continuing to use the virtual assistant after the study

ACUTE EFFECTS OF SMALL CHANGES IN CRANK LENGTH ON TORQUE WAVEFORM DURING SUBMAXIMAL PEDALLING

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the acute effects of small changes in crank-arm length and pedalling power on crank torque-angle profile during seated cycling. Twelve amateur cyclists participated and performed 12 sets of 5-min submaximal pedalling on a special cycle ergometer (4 intensities x 3 crank lengths). Principal Component Analysis technique was used to analyse ten crank torque-angle curves of the right leg. A longer crank increased the crank torque of the front leg (30-125º) in order to lift the rear leg (200-320º), contrary to the effect of increasing pedalling power. Furthermore, pedalling with the longest crank required higher torque values after reaching peak torque (110-170º) compared to the shortest ones. In conclusion, contrary to the lore, a longer crank requires a higher mechanical effort compared to a shorter crank for pedalling at the same intensity

Celdas Solares de Perovskitas: Una breve Introducción y algunas Consideraciones

The spectacular and unprecedented rise of so-called perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in conversion efficiency with low-cost manufacturing processes has grabbed the attention of the scientific community in the field of photovoltaics during the last four years. The inclusion of perovskite type absorber materials, typically CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 , has been the key factor for the development of this emerging technology that has created great of expectations. However, many poorly understood aspects of its operating modes still need convincing explanations. This paper provides a brief introduction to the structure, materials and characteristics of PSCs. In addition, some remarks about the stability of these devices are provided and the state-of-the-art of several subjects of interest is discussed, such as the hysteresis phenomenon of current-voltage curves.El espectacular y sin precedentes ascenso de las llamadas celdas solares de perovskitas (PSCs, por sus siglas en inglés) en cuanto a eficiencia de conversión con procesos de fabricación de bajo presupuesto ha acaparado la atención de la comunidad científica en el campo de la fotovoltaica en los últimos cuatro años. La inclusión de materiales absorbedores tipo perovskita, típicamente el CH3NH3PbI3, ha sido el factor clave para el desarrollo de esta tecnología emergente con la que se tienen muchas perspectivas. Sin embargo, no son pocos los aspectos de su funcionamiento que aún faltan por comprender. En este trabajo se brinda una breve introducción a la estructura, materiales y características de las PSCs. Además se comenta especialmente acerca de la estabilidad de estos dispositivos y se discuten varios temas de interés como el fenómeno de la histéresis de las curvas corriente-voltaje

Estudio y diseño de un sistema de control anticipativo para un robot móvil

Este proyecto trata del estudio y diseño de un sistema de control para un robot móvil, anticipando obstáculos tipo rampa, utilizando los sensores disponibles. El objetivo de control consiste en hacer que el sistema sea capaz de superar estos obstáculos de forma óptima, cosa que no sería posible en condiciones de control simples, evitando posibles saturaciones innecesarias en la señal de la acción de contro

3D UWB tomography for medical imaging applications

In this paper, a novel 3D UWB tomographic algorithm has been presented for brain hemorrhagic stroke detection. While 2D reconstructions are unable to distinguish between features at different heights, 3D reconstructions allow to obtain a complete representation of the brain and thus to differentiate them. A human brain model has been successfully reconstructed and the position of a blood vessel detected.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Chiral dynamics of hadrons in nuclei

In this talk I report on selected topics of hadron modification in the nuclear medium using the chiral unitary approach to describe the dynamics of the problems. I shall mention how antikaons, $\eta$, and $\phi$ are modified in the medium and will report upon different experiments done or planned to measure the $\phi$ width in the medium.Comment: 10 pgs, 3 figs. Invited talk in the Workshop on in Medium Hadron Physics, Giessen, Nov 200