Autorevascularization of the testicle and spermatic vessels by Madder pedicle flap: an experimental study

WOS: 000231729200015PubMed: 16080935Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate revascularization of the testicle through its own tissue and spermatic vessels by a bladder pedicle flap in rabbits. Methods: Thirty male rabbits were used in the study. In 10 animals, the Fowler-Stephens (FS) procedure was applied to the right testicles (FS group). The FS procedure and revascularization of the testicle by a bladder pedicle flap were applied to the right testicles in 10 animals (FSO group). No surgical procedure was performed in the control group. Scintigraphic study was performed 3 weeks after the high ligation procedure in the FS and FSO groups. Both testicles were evaluated by radionuclide scintigraphy in all the animals. Macroscopic testicle weights were evaluated. Testicular biopsy scores and mean seminiferous tubule diameters were determined in the histopathologic study. Results: The testicular blood flow of the FSO group was better than the FS group (P .01). Testicle weights, testicular biopsy scores, and seminiferous tubule diameters ill the FSO group were detected, and there was a statistically significant difference when compared with the FS group (P .01). Conclusion: We suppose that the surgical model of revascularization of the testicle through its own tissue and spermatic vessels by a bladder pedicle flap can be an alternative to the FS procedure in abdominal and high canalicular undescended testicles. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate facilitates axonal vesicle transport and presynapse assembly

Neurons relay information via specialized presynaptic compartments for neurotransmission. Unlike conventional organelles, the specialized apparatus characterizing the neuronal presynapse must form de novo. How the components for presynaptic neurotransmission are transported and assembled is poorly understood. Our results show that the rare late endosomal signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PI(3,5)P(2)] directs the axonal cotransport of synaptic vesicle and active zone proteins in precursor vesicles in human neurons. Precursor vesicles are distinct from conventional secretory organelles, endosomes, and degradative lysosomes and are transported by coincident detection of PI(3,5)P(2) and active ARL8 via kinesin KIF1A to the presynaptic compartment. Our findings identify a crucial mechanism that mediates the delivery of synaptic vesicle and active zone proteins to developing synapses