An algorithm for piece-wise indefinite quadratic programming problem

An indefinite quadratic programming problem is a mathematical programming problem which is a product of two linear factors. In this paper, the piecewise indefinite quadratic programming problem (PIQPP) is considered. Here, the objective function is a product of two continuous piecewise linear functions defined on a non-empty and compact feasible region. In the present paper, the optimality criterion is derived and explained in order to solve PIQPP. While solving PIQPP, we will come across certain variables which will not satisfy the optimality condition. For these variables, cases have been elaborated so as to move from one basic feasible solution to another till we reach the optimality. An algorithmic approach is proposed and discussed for the PIQPP problem. A numerical example is presented to decipher the tendered method

Error Locating Codes Dealing with Repeated Low-Density Burst Errors

This paper presents a study of linear codes which are capable to detect and locate errors which are repeated low-density bursts of length b(fixed) with weight w or less. An illustration for such a kind of code has also been provided

Effects of preoperative gabapentin on postoperative relief of pain in patients scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia

Background: To evaluate the effects of preoperative Gabapentin on postoperative relief of pain in patients scheduled for surgery under general anaesthesia. Post-operative ward and OT Department of Anaesthesia, JAH, GR Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.Methods: The sixty patients subjected to ASA grade I and II posted for elective surgeries under general anaesthesia were randomized into 2 groups. One and half hour before surgery, Gabapentin 600 mg and placebo was given blindly to selected patients for the study. The postoperative pain was assessed with visual analogue score. Pain and side effects assessment were performed.Results: Total 60 patients of ASA grade I and II posted for elective surgeries under GA were randomized into 2 groups. One and half hour before surgery, the drug selected for the study was given blindly with a sip of water. The mean (±SD) of VAS score was 5.86±0.34 in Group B and 5.10±0.84 in Group A. VAS score was significantly lower in Group A. With oral Gabapentin time required for rescue analgesia is delayed as compared to control group. The mean (±SD) TRA-1 was 38.40±24.61 in Group B and 44.03±8.94 in Group A.Conclusions: Preoperative oral Gabapentin significantly decreases the severity of pain postoperatively as compared to placebo in patients posted for surgery. Time for analgesic requirement is more with oral Gabapentin. The VAS score was lower in Gabapentin group

Risk factors and outcome of placenta previa: accrete in a tertiary health care center of Punjab, India

Background: The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate risk factors associated with placenta accrete (PA) and its clinical outcome.Methods: A descriptive, case control study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology, GMC Amritsar in which authors retrospectively reviewed data of 180 patients of placenta previa (PP) over 5 years, categorized as PA (cases; n=23) or no PA (control; n=157). Furthermore, these groups were compared as to maternal demographics, intrapartum and postpartum complications and neonatal outcomes. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the extent to which exposure variable contributed to the incidence of PA including advanced maternal age (AMA), parity, location of placenta and previous caesarian section (CS).  Primary aim was to identify and quantify the various risk factors of PA and secondary aim measured incidences of PP, PA and fetomaternal outcome.Results: The cumulative incidence of PA over 5 years was 2.98 per 1000 deliveries. Accrete rate increased with number of CSs at 4.76% in patients with no previous CS versus 45.94% in ≥1 CS (p 30 years: 4.326 95% CI 0.724 -25.856; p =0.108), parity (AOR 1 vs 0: 2.526 95% CI 0.242-26.41; p=0.439), prior uterine curettage (AOR ≥1 vs 0: 11.143 95% CI 0.522-9.726; p=0.278) although had association with PA but was not statistical significant. Caesarian hysterectomy was done in 95.65% patients of PA while only 1 patient of PP required hysterectomy (p<0.001). Neonatal outcome was similar in both groups.Conclusions: Prior caesarian and anterior PP emerged out as significant predictors of PA. Other risk factors like AMA, multiparous, history of prior uterine curettage, central PP have incremental risk of having PA and such patients should be managed diligently to lower feto-maternal morbidities and mortalities.

Pemphigus vulgaris in pregnancy with transient neonatal pemphigus - can psychological stress be culprit?

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare life threatening, autoimmune bullous disease affecting mucous membrane and skin. Pregnancy and emotional stress may be the possible triggering factors for PV. It is a very rare phenomenon with less than 27 cases of pregnancy induced PV and only 9 cases of neonatal pemphigus reported in literature. The lesions may appear transient in neonate which resolve spontaneously over 2-3 weeks. We hereby, report a case of 26-year-old female who developed PV in second trimester of pregnancy with peripartum depression, which was managed by intravenous, oral and topical steroids and selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Furthermore, the development of transient neonatal pemphigus raises the possibility of genetic linkage from maternal to fetal transmission

Microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix with superficial spread to endometrium: a rare case report

Microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix is defined as carcinoma with invasion of less than 5 mm penetration of the stroma. The spread to uterine corpus occurs rarely, but on lateral spread it involves parametrium and deep myometrium via lymphatic dissemination. Less than 30 cases are reported in literature of superficial spread of microinvasive carcinoma of cervix. We report a case of microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma of cervix with metastasis to uterine corpus due to superficial spread

An Optimization Framework for “Build-or-Buy” Strategy for component Selection in a Fault Tolerant Modular Software System under Recovery Block Scheme

This paper discusses a framework that helps developers to decide whether to buy or build components of software architecture. Two optimization models have been proposed. First model is Bi-criteria optimization model based on decision variables in order to maximize the software reliability with simultaneous minimization of the overall cost of the system. The second optimization model deals with the issue of compatibility

Influence of thyroid hormones on biochemical parameters of liver function: a case-control study in North Indian population

Normal level of thyroid hormones is important for normal hepatic function and thyroid dysfunction may modulate metabolic function of liver. The purpose of this study is to determine whether liver function is associated with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism. Thyroid and liver function tests were evaluated in 47 patients with overt (TSH ≥10.0 mIU/L) and 77 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH 6.0-9.9mIU/L) and compared with 120 age-matched euthyroid controls. Subjects with overt hypothyroidism had significantly raised serum ALT, AST, ALP and total protein levels as compared to controls whereas subclinical hypothyroid patients had significantly increased levels of serum ALT, ALP and total protein. Further, TSH showed significant positive correlation with AST and ALP values whereas fT3 and fT4 had a negative correlation with AST in overt hypothyroidism. Thus, overt hypothyroid state is associated with significant derangement in biochemical parameters of liver function. Hence, liver function should be regularly monitored in hypothyroid patients

A linear fractional bilevel programming problem with multichoice parameters

A bilevel programming problem (BLPP) is a hierarchical optimization problem where the constraint region of the upper level is implicitly determined by the lower level optimization problem. In this paper, a bilevel programming problem is considered in which the objective functions are linear fractional and the feasible region is a convex polyhedron. Linear fractional objectives in BLPP are useful in production planning, financial planning, corporate planning and so forth. Here, the cost coefficient of the objective functions are multi-choice parameters. The multi-choice parameters are replaced using interpolating polynomials. Then, fuzzy programming is used to find a compromise solution of the transformed BLPP. An algorithm is developed to find a compromise solution of BLPP. The method is illustrated with the help of an example